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251.
ABSTRACT: A new and practical concept in water resources modeling and optimization is introduced. Instead of unrealistically assuming a multipurpose reservoir to be composed of a single lumped pool of water, it is treated as two different pools namely conservation and flood pools. Based on this treatment, the optimization problem is stated using the concepts of Lagrange multipliers and parameter optimization. The optimization problem consists of the material balance equation, the constraints on control and state variables and the objective function. 相似文献
252.
Huynh Ngoc Phien Anat Arbhabhirama Pinit Chenyapanich 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1980,16(5):818-823
ABSTRACT: The accumulated volume of sediment in reservoris is investigated in this paper using a statistical method. Based on the fact that sediment load and river discharge are highly correlated, a relationship between them is established. With longer records of stream flows, this relationship will serve either as a data generation mechanism which produces a sediment S-sequence having the same length as the river discharge Q-sequence, or as a transformation of variables, by which the distribution of S is transferred from the distribution of Q. The mean and variance of the sediment volume accumulated in the design life of a reservoir are then derived, assuming the S- and Q-sequences follow the log-normal distribution. Finally, case studies are given for illustrating the proposed method. 相似文献
253.
Paolo Leonelli Carlo Stramigioli Gigliola Spadoni 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》1994,7(6):443-450
This paper describes a mathematical model which calculates the time dependencies of the flow rate and composition of the vapour emerging from a pool. A large variety of accidental cases can be covered: continuous or instantaneous spills, on confined or unconfined ground, ideal or non-ideal liquid mixtures in boiling or evaporating conditions. The boiling, when present, is modelled through an equation system comprising the Rachford-Rice relation and the energy balance of the pool, which is assumed to be well-mixed. In the case of a volatile pool, interfacial mass rates are determined taking into account the Stefan flux, and the thermal resistance inside the liquid phase is also considered. In all situations, the energy balance includes the contribution of ground, sun and air. Known experimental data have been used to validate the model. 相似文献
254.
Don W. Duckson Linda J. Duckson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1995,31(1):43-51
ABSTRACT: One-hundred-and-sixty step pools were examined that have developed in andesitic, basaltic, or dacitic lavas or in glaciofluvial sediments along several reaches of Soda Creek in the Three Sisters Wilderness of the Oregon High Cascades to determine whether such systems exhibit similar morphology. Pool shapes, sizes, and spacing were measured, and the hydraulic head loss calculated for each pool surface. Lithologic variations among 15 shape categories were not significant, but size attributes - length, depth, and area - of pools were systematically different by rock type. The energy lost at hydraulic jumps did not differ significantly among the four lithologies, suggesting that perhaps step pools represent similar stream channel adjustments in steep terrain. 相似文献
255.
鸡公山种子植物区系和植物资源 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鸡公山自然保护区共有种子植物161科639属1450种,其植物区系组成丰富、成分复杂,植物区系成分以温带类型为主并具有明显的南北过渡性质。鸡公山自然保护区内的植物资源可分为8大类,许多植物具有重要的开发利用价值。 相似文献
256.
257.
为探索酸雨胁迫对大豆种子萌发过程中能量代谢的影响,采用pH2.0,2.5,4.0模拟酸雨处理大豆(台湾292)种子,研究不同强度酸雨胁迫对大豆种子呼吸速率,CAT活性,线粒体蛋白与ATP含量及能荷的影响.结果表明,随着酸雨胁迫强度增加(pH≤2.5),上述指标均呈下降趋势.高强度酸雨(pH为2.0)对大豆种子萌发时能量代谢的影响是最大的. 相似文献
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259.
为澄清有关烃类池火灾热辐射量化分析模型选择中存在的问题,针对"池火计算方法"模型进行量纲分析和物理意义方面的讨论,提出该模型在概念使用、量纲关系、热释放速率的计算以及池火焰模化等方面存在的问题。系统阐述点源模型、Shokri-Beyler模型、Mudan模型等常用烃类池火灾热辐射通量分析模型的适用条件和应用范围。点源模型适用于被辐射目标物从池火焰接受的热辐射通量小于5 kW.m-2情况下池火灾热辐射的量化分析;Shokri-Beyler模型主要应用于估算被辐射目标物从池火焰接受的热辐射通量大于5 kW.m-2的情况;Mudan模型可用于估算无风或有风条件下被辐射目标物从池火焰接受的热辐射通量。 相似文献
260.