Field Comparison of two NO2 Passive Samplers to Assess Spatial Variation

Two-week average NO₂ concentrations were measured in Amsterdam (NL), Huddersfield (UK) and Prague (CZ) at 80 sites in each study area, to assess small area spatial variation, using a tube type and a badge type passive sampler. The badges appeared to be less robust than the tubes. The lower detection limit for tubes and badges was 3.7 and 0.91 µg/m³, respectively for fortnightly measurements. Accuracy of the samplers was determined with reference methods (chemiluminescence). The mean ratio of the concentration measured by diffusion tube over that by the reference method was 1.16, 1.03 and 0.77 in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. Standardizing the badges for the results obtained in Amsterdam, the relative mean ratio of the concentration measured by the badges over that by the reference method was 0.95 and 0.58 in Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. NO₂ concentrations measured by the two designs did not differ significantly. Mean NO₂ concentrations were 36, 26 and 22 µg/m³ in Amsterdam, Huddersfield and Prague, respectively. The precision of duplicate tubes and badges was 8% and 11%, respectively. Both samplers are suitable for determining real variation in small area NO₂ concentrations in the ranges which occurred. It is concluded that low-cost, simple NO₂ passive samplers can provide reliable information about variation in NO₂ concentrations within urban or rural areas on a small spatial scale. Based on its robustness and its precision, tubes were preferred over badges.     

改良式人工湿地处理乡镇河流污水工程应用

采用改良式潜流人工湿地工艺处理乡镇河流污水,结果表明,处理系统稳定,操作简单,维持技术要求低,投资低,运行费用低,处理效果好.对于治理乡镇生活及河流污水具有较大的推广应用价值.     

浅谈FCL氨法脱硫技术在小型燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫中的应用

以FCL氨法脱硫技术在太仓保利协鑫热电有限公司小型燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫中的应用为例,阐述了氨法脱硫的工艺原理、流程、工程实践中出现的问题及解决方案,并对其进行了技术经济性分析。     

小尺寸装药直径及约束条件对Jo-9c爆压影响的实验

采用锰铜压阻法对Jo-9c在小尺寸装药条件下的爆压进行实验测定,得出不同装药条件下的爆压值,并对数据进行分析,得到约束条件和装药直径对爆压的影响规律.     

中小锅炉爆炸事故规律分析与研究

为研究中小型锅炉爆炸事故的规律,对中小型锅炉爆炸案例进行调查和分析,并进行了缺水再进水试验和炉胆失稳模拟试验。研究认为,爆炸主要原因是缺水和超压,缺水造成材料性能下降明显,进水汽化造成锅内压力骤升,并给出了立式锅炉爆炸机理。从锅炉结构、水容积、安全附件等方面的爆炸事故因素考虑,对3种中小型锅炉进行安全性分析,并提出了事故预防措施。     

Adaptation of Nitraria sphaerocarpa to wind-blown sand environments at the edge of a desert oasis

This study addresses the adaptation of Nitraria sphaervcarpa to blown sand at the edge of a desert oasis with regard to the aspects of soil seed banks, seedlings, and population. Horizontally, the total number of seeds per unit area decreased from the shrub canopy center to intershrub areas, and most seeds were found under shrub canopies. Vertically, the highest proportion of seeds was found at depths of 5-10 cm. The emergence percentage, seedling mass, and seedling height, which were significantly affected by both burial depth and seed size, were highest at the optimal burial depth of 2 cm, and decreased with increasing burial depth in each seed size-class. Although seedling mass was usually greatest for large seeds and least for small seeds at each burial depth, little difference was observed in seedling height at shallow burial depths of 0-3 cm. The population shows a patchy and discontinuous distribution pattern. Population height increases with increasing sand depth. Also the density increases with increasing depth of sand in the desert; however, there is a steady decrease when the depth of sand is more than 100 cm. This result indicates that the depth of sand that is most suitable for the growth of Nitraria sphaervcarpa is 100 cm. The size of the population is significantly correlated with the sand depth, which increases with increasing depth in the desert.     

城镇天然气管道输送工程环境风险评价探讨

在城镇天然气管道工程的环境影响评价中,环境风险评价是重点内容之一。在介绍环境风险评价基本概念的基础上,对天然气管道输送和城镇管网工程的环境风险类型（如泄漏、爆炸）进行了半定量评价。分析如何加强环境风险管理的方法和措施,为环境管理部门提供管理和科学决策的依据。     

尾巨桉人工林小流域降水产流特征分析

研究尾巨桉(E.urophylla×E.grandis)生长阶段(林龄3.5—5.5 a)所处小流域的降水产流特征,有助于了解桉树生长过程的生态水文效应,对修订桉树人工林经营方案中注重提高生态系统的水源涵养能力有重要参考意义.以广西南宁桉树森林生态系统定位观测研究站(南宁桉树生态站)的闭合尾巨桉林小流域为试验区,在小流...     

Ecological Characteristics of Small Rodents Living in Collective Gardens

The small-rodent populations of five collective gardens have been studied. The example of one of the populations has been used to monitor the annual cycle of population size. The species composition and animal number depends on the biotope, climatic conditions, and the anthropogenic load. The ratios between species in the gardens and neighboring biotopes differ from each other, with different species being dominant. It is assumed that small mammals use garden plots as refugia.