地下水与优势结构面对库岸滑坡形成的联合效应——以龙羊峡近坝库岸滑坡为例

为了深入研究近坝库岸滑坡的形成机理,首先分析了区域地下水的溶蚀作用和动水压力作用,又运用综合评分法确定出了对滑坡形成有利的优势结构面,发现区域滑坡滑带的形成是地下水与优势结构面长期联合作用的结果。以龙羊峡滑坡为例,揭示了半成岩湖相地层中滑坡滑带独特的三段式结构特征,验证了地下水与优势结构面的联合效应对近坝库岸滑坡形成的控制作用。     

中国低碳城市发展影响因素分析

目前,全国各地都在开展低碳城市建设,但是由于对"低碳城市"认识的不一致,导致了各地建设水平参差不齐。本文根据低碳城市的内涵和特点,识别出19个影响我国低碳城市发展的因素,分别从城市主体水平、发展结构水平和管理水平等角度进行分类说明。通过专家咨询法和建立解释结构模型(ISM),绘制出多级递阶结构图,理顺各因素间的结构关系,阐明了影响因素间内在关联性和层次性。研究结果显示,19个影响因素分为5个层次,其中政府和低碳城市标准位于最高层次,碳排放统计次之,它们是影响我国低碳城市发展的关键因素,并对其余因素产生直接或间接的影响作用。建议现阶段在推进我国低碳城市建设过程中,根据多级递阶结构图所示,采取"自上而下"的模式。当务之急,国家应尽快制定出台《低碳城市标准》,加快开展城市碳排放统计工作,而政府作为城市主体之一,是低碳城市建设的主要推动者和政策供给者,应充分发挥其领导力,使低碳城市建设走上系统化、制度化轨道。     

The Role of Organizational Perception,Perceived Consumer Effectiveness and Self-efficacy in Recycling Advocacy Advertising Effectiveness

Previous academic research into how consumers evaluate advocacy advertising identified many possible paths involving potentially reflexive effects on how people perceive an advocacy advertising sponsor, the advocated issue and themselves. This paper has examined one possible scenario within this complicated phenomenon: that of advertising advocating a specific environmental consumer action, recycling. In the specific context of this study, structural equation modelling demonstrated clear causal relationships among consumer perceptions of the recycling advertisements’ sponsoring organization, consumer self-efficacy and perceived consumer effectiveness of complying with the advocated issue (recycling behaviour). These factors were shown to impact specific advocacy advertising goals (termed message effectiveness in this study) such as behavioural intention toward the advocated recycling issue and perceived changes in how consumers evaluate the sponsoring organization.     

中国重化工业资源消耗的社会经济驱动力

基于投入产出模型和中国投入产出表,从需求端分析中国重化工业资源消耗的隐含流在不同行业和不同最终需求中的分配情况,以及五大社会经济驱动力对中国重化工业资源消耗增长的贡献度.结果表明,2012年中国重化工业生产过程所消耗的3种资源隐含在建筑业和其他制造业的最终产品中的比例均超过75%,隐含在形成资本最终产品中的比例均超过55%.2002~2012年期间,产业结构对中国重化工业化石能源和石灰石消耗量增加的贡献度分别为+39%和+237%;资源强度对中国重化工业化石能源和石灰石消耗量减少的贡献度分别为-108%和-265%,对中国重化工业铁矿石消耗量增加的贡献度为+152%;人均最终需求水平对中国重化工业化石能源、铁矿石和石灰石消耗量增加的贡献度分别为+247%,+460%和+291%.     

治污减排对需求结构的影响

针对我国30个省市地区2005－2009年期间治污减排手段对需求结构的影响研究（分别以消费占GDP的比重以及消费与投资比表征）,结果表明：工程减排改善了要素结构,同时提升了第二产业产值占GDP的比重以及出口占GDP的比重,最终表现为对需求结构的负面影响;结构减排虽然提高了第二产业比重,但能降低出口比重,改善要素结构,因此最终表现为对需求结构的正向影响;管理减排促进了要素结构的改善,降低了第二产业的比重,但促进了出口比重,因此最终表现为对于需求结构的负面影响。总之,工程减排和管理减排恶化了需求结构,而结构减排有利于需求结构的改善。     

飞行员驾驶水平、管理能力和身心素质对安全绩效的影响关系研究

为提高飞行员安全绩效,运用结构方程模型探讨了驾驶水平、管理能力和身心素质三者对安全绩效的影响程度。结果表明,驾驶水平、管理能力和身心素质对安全绩效影响的标准化路径系数分别为0.20,0.22和0.17。飞行员管理能力对安全绩效的影响程度最大,其次是驾驶水平,身心素质对安全绩效的影响程度最小。同时管理能力对驾驶水平影响的标准化路径系数为0.19,说明管理能力通过驾驶水平的中介作用对安全绩效产生间接影响。而身心素质对驾驶水平的影响不显著,身心素质不会通过影响驾驶水平间接影响安全绩效。     

基于TPB的通航企业事件信息自主上报意愿影响因素研究

为探讨通航企业不安全事件信息自主上报意愿的影响因素,基于扩展计划行为理论的分析框架,采用结构方程模型和差异显著性分析,对我国通航企业170份样本数据进行分析.结果表明:企业性质、规模和成立年限显著影响企业事件信息报告行为意向.其中,国有企业行为意向显著高于民营企业,500人以上较大规模企业行为意向显著高于500人以下较...     

风险感知对非适应性应急疏散行为的影响

为研究安全风险感知对非适应性应急疏散行为的影响机制,提升应急疏散的安全性,进而保障公众生命财产安全,建立包含风险感知、心理韧性、安全氛围、群体恐慌和非适应性应急疏散行为5个变量的理论模型,采用问卷调查法研究5个变量之间的关系,应用AMOS软件搭建结构方程模型,并结合调研数据进行分析。研究结果表明：风险感知对发生突发事件后人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生主要正向作用,群体恐慌通过调节作用提高风险感知,也会对人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生相应正向影响;安全氛围和心理韧性通过风险感知的中介作用会,对人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生一定负向影响;可通过加强安全氛围建设、安全知识科普、提高现场管理人员能力等方法,减少突发事件中非适应性应急疏散行为的产生。     

Cervical musculoskeletal disorders and their relationships with personal and work-related factors among electronic assembly workers

IntroductionElectronics assembly workers are reported to have a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study investigated the prevalence of cervical MSDs and the complex relationships between cervical MSDs and individual, physical, psychosocial factors among electronics assembly workers. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, self-administered questionnaires from 700 workers in electronics manufacturing workshops were analysed. Information concerning musculoskeletal symptoms, personal and work-related factors was collected. Finally, the prevalence of cervical MSDs was computed for different subgroups, and the relationships with different factors were analyzed using logistic regression and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The total 12 month prevalence of cervical MSDs among the survey population was 29.4%. Variables of gender, job tenure, twisting head frequently, neck flexion/extension for long time and work required to be done quickly showed significant associations with MSDs in a multivariate logistic regression (P < 0.05). The SEM analysis showed moderate and significant correlations between postural load (γ = 0.279), gender (γ = 0.233) and cervical MSDs, while there were weak but significant correlations between vibration (γ = 0.024), work stress (γ = 0.126), job tenure (γ = 0.024) and cervical MSDs. Both work stress and vibration affected the MSDs indirectly through postural load. Conclusions: The logistic regression results support previous general epidemiological MSD studies, and indicates that individual, physical, and psychosocial factors are related to cervical MSDs. The SEM provides a better approximation of the complexity of the relationship between risk factors and cervical MSDs. Improving awkward postures may be effective ways to control the influence of occupational stressors or vibration on MSDs. Practical Applications: The study is to improve prevention of MSDs among electronics assembly workers and promote their occupational health.     

高校毕业生结构性失衡问题探讨

高校毕业生结构性失衡是指随着我国经济结构的变化，毕业生的供给结构与需求结构不协调。通过高校毕业生结构性失衡的实证分析，本文觉得其症结主要是高等教育层次结构和科类结构的失衡。这在很大程度上决定毕业生资源的供给结构，因此，高等教育结构的调整是解决高校毕业生结构性失衡关键。