攀西地区果树资源开发研究

攀西地区光热资源丰富，集南北果树于一地。从商品化、规模化的要求出发，规划，构建该区果树树种的合理布局和良种结构，培养发展果品市场和技术市场是攀西地区果品上新台阶的重要途径。     

综合预防的环境策略—清洁生产

从综合预防的角度出发，探讨环境保护的战略决策清洁生产的内涵，清洁生产审计以及建立清洁生产实施机制。     

长江流域中游地区的治水策略与可持续发展

分析了近年来长江流域中游地区洪灾频敏 提出了发生且愈演愈烈的原因,指出流域生态环境的恶化是灾害形成的根本原因,主要表现在：上游地区的水土流失日益严生长江中游的江潮关系严重失调。提出了现阶段相应的治水对策措施,并强调了治水在区域可持可续发展中的重要作用。     

石油石化重大工艺安全事故应急机制浅析

石油石化生产关键工艺设备或流程蕴藏的风险能量巨大,一旦发生事故,后果往往极其严重。分析了石油石化重大工艺安全事故专业性强、事故规模大、易形成连锁反应和诱发环境污染事件等3个典型特征。通过事故应急经验分析,研究提出了石油石化重大工艺安全事故应急工作需要遵循的风险辨识充分到位、专业应急保障有力、应急资源保障充足、企地联动迅速高效、社会舆论引导得力等5方面的重点应急策略。设计了工艺安全事故风险辨识与评估、专业应急队伍建设与能力提升、应急资源联合储备、区域应急联动和公共危机公关等5项石油石化企业重大工艺安全事故应急重点工作机制内容和建设要点。石油石化企业需要不断建立和完善5项应急工作机制,才能为重大工艺安全事故应急工作提供可靠保障。     

儿童消费市场特点及营销对策

儿童消费市场生机勃勃,蕴含着巨大的商机。儿童在现代家庭的消费结构中有着举足轻重的地位。本文针对儿童消费群体的特点,提出了相应的营销策略。使企业能够更好的做好符合儿童消费市场特点的营销工作,从而取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

战场电磁环境复杂度与战术通信性能的相关性研究

目的为提升战场电磁环境环境复杂度评估的客观性,基于电磁环境与通信性能的相关性提出一种电磁环境复杂度评估方法。方法该方法以层次分析法和混合加权理论为基础,以典型通信系统为例,建立语音通信和数据通信设备性能和电磁环境复杂度等级的映射,并据此建立通信网系性能和电磁环境复杂度的等级映射,从目标层、准则层、指标层给出五级量化指标体系。结果在50 km×50 km典型地域中,上述评估方法给出了10部高频和10部超高频通信设备组成的通信网络各单链路通信质量,分别为Ⅳ、Ⅳ、Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅴ,并在此基础上评估了整个网系的通信质量等级和整个通信网系面临的电磁环境复杂度(Ⅳ)。结论上述研究验证了方法的可行性,同时证实了同一环境下不同设备所受的电磁环境影响具有个体差异性,整体通信网系的受影响程度有别于单一设备。研究结果可为通信网系的电磁环境适应性试验、电磁干扰效应评估等研究提供基础和有益的参考。     

Male-male interference competition decreases spawning rate in the European bitterling (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodeus sericeus</Emphasis>)

We investigated the consequences of male-male interference competition associated with alternative male mating tactics in a freshwater fish, the European bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus). Male bitterling defend territories around living mussels and attract females to lay their eggs in the gill cavities of mussels. We experimentally manipulated spawning-site abundance and male density at two spatial scales. We showed that the total number of eggs spawned by females was constrained by the number of mussels available for oviposition. The effect was mediated by behavioral interactions among competing males because of variation in the Operational Sex Ratio (OSR) in close proximity to a mussel and not by a direct limitation in mussel capacity to accommodate the eggs. Both total and local male densities affected spawning behavior, and interacted in their effect on female spawning rate. Territorial male aggression caused courtship interruptions that prolonged the time until successful spawning and increased with male density. However, territoriality broke down at the highest male density, with a consequent stabilizing effect on spawning rate.Communicated by J. Krause     

Synergy or substitution? The interactive effects of insiders' fairness and support and organizational socialization tactics on newcomer role clarity and social integration

Drawing on fairness heuristics theory (Lind, 2001) and cue consistency theory (Maheswaran & Chaiken, 1991; Slovic, 1966), we test a moderated mediation model that examines whether the institutionalization of organizational socialization tactics enhances or constrains the beneficial effects of supervisory and coworker‐referenced justice and support on newcomer role clarity and social integration. The findings of a three‐wave study of 219 French newcomers show that although institutionalized tactics strengthen the positive indirect effects of supervisory interpersonal and informational justice on role clarity, via perceived supervisor support, it also acts as a substitute that weakens the positive indirect effect of coworker‐referenced interpersonal justice on social integration, via perceived coworker support. Implications of the findings for socialization research and practice are discussed.     

Impacts of Fire-Suppression Activities on Natural Communities

Abstract:  The ecological impacts of wildland fire-suppression activities can be significant and may surpass the impacts of the fire itself. A recent paradigm shift from fire control to fire management has resulted in increased attention to minimizing the negative effects of suppression. While the philosophy behind minimum-impact suppression tactics has provided a good first step in this direction, increased attention to the ecological effects of suppression is needed, especially in the management of public lands. We reviewed the potential impacts of suppression on land, air, and water resources and the impacts of using fire to help control fire. Effects on land resources include erosion, which is exacerbated by the construction of fire lines, temporary roads, and helicopter pads, and some postfire rehabilitation activities. Although the fire itself is the most obvious source of air pollution, the vehicles used in suppression activities contribute to this problem and to noise pollution. Water resources, including aquatic flora and fauna, may be seriously affected by suppression activities that can increase erosion, sedimentation, turbidity, and chemical contamination. Finally, the use of backburns and burnout operations contributes to the risk of soil and water contamination, increases the total area burned, and promotes more intense fires or more homogeneous burned areas. Although no fire-management strategy should be applied uniformly, some general techniques such as use of natural clearings, natural barriers, and appropriately sized fire lines, "leave no-trace" camping, and careful application of fuels and retardants can be employed to minimize the impacts of suppression.     

浙江省旅游景区环境解说服务现状及对策

在实地调查的基础上,对浙江省旅游景区环境解说服务现状进行了分析,并提出了提高旅游景区环境解说服务水平的对策措施.