江西省城市化进程中资源消耗特征及响应分析

选取能源消费总量、总用水量和城市建成区面积作为江西省资源消耗的指示性指标，在对其城市化进程中资源消耗特征分析的基础上，采用计量经济学的方法。对城市化作用的资源消耗响应情景进行了模拟。研究显示：①随着城市化进程的推进，江西省资源消耗特征表现并不一致。其人均能源消耗、人均建成区面积扩张有着与全国类似的逐步增长的态势，但其人均值都低于全国人均水平；而人均用水量则与全国一样呈现下降趋势，但江西省人均用水量一直都高于全国平均水平。②格兰杰因果分析发现，江西省城市化水平变化是人均能源消费增长和人均建成区面积扩张的格兰杰因果原因，人均建成区面积扩张也是城市化水平提高的格兰杰因果原因；而城市化水平变化与人均用水量下降互不为格兰杰因果原因。进一步的脉冲响应函数模拟表明：在江西省城市化进程中，城市化水平的提高对人均能源消费具有正的冲击效果；而人均建成区面积扩张对城市化具有先正后负的响应情景。     

环境和自然资源的价值评估与价值实现

围绕如何发挥价值规律作用推动自然资源合理配置的问题，构建了从价值理论到评估方法到价值实现过程的分析思路。剖析了环境和自然资源价值本质和价值形成机制的特殊性，并以价值评估问题为重点，分析各种价值度量方法所揭示的价值内容、对价值实现的支持和局限，最后从政府决策的角度讨论了通过价值评估将环境和自然资源价值纳入经济过程的动力机制。认为：自然资源价值本质和内涵的独特性，决定了价值评估和实现过程的特殊性。人类能否将环境价值完整地表达出来，受到评价方法和人类对效用和稀缺性等认知能力的局限，尽管每一种价值评价方法所揭示的价值内涵是有所差异的，但到目前为止，这些方法仍是评价环境及自然资源价值的最佳可得的方法。     

试论人口—资源—环境与经济的协调发展

人口、资源、环境与经济之间是相互制约又相互依存的动态关系,四者的协调发展包括“有限协调发展”和“完全协调发展”两个层次,其实质是弱化、消除其间的消极关系和消极影响,同时充分利用和促进其间的积极关系,实现四者之间的良性循环。我国作为一个发展中的人口大国,“协调发展战略”应以不影响长远的持续发展为前提,把经济发展置于中心位置,强调在发展经济的过程中要同时解决人口、资源与环境问题。     

Mining on communal land as a new frontier –a case study of the Kunene Region,Namibia

ABSTRACT

This paper is about mining under communal ownership which makes this kind of mining a new mining frontier. The newness of the frontier is that it has introduced a series of institutional complexities that is uncommon to artisanal and large-scale mining. Mining companies have to negotiate deals with communities and their leaders to be able to prospect for mineral resources. We also argue that the state’s environmental legislation is poorly harmonised with the prevalent conditions in communal areas where mining is gaining greater importance. Legislation remains silent on the rights of those living on communal land. These rights remain in a state of confusion with often negative effects on the local communities who are exposed to a number of duplicating development programmes and legislative structures. The aim of this paper is to explore the dynamics communal mining in the Kunene Region in north-western Namibia.     

濮阳旅游资源评价与可持续开发思路

濮阳旅游资源以醇厚的历史文化资源为主 ,具有潜在性和开发难度大的特点。资源现状开发初具规模 ,但缺乏系统性和独特性 ,可持续的开发思路是历史文化资源的保护性开发 ,文化生态旅游式开发 ,多层次立体开发和区域联合式开发     

铀矿井排风口尾气对周边农田土壤放射性污染的预测

铀矿井尾气排风口周围土壤中放射性物质的累积性污染不容忽视,但目前处于监测和积累数据阶段.在对指数平滑法综合应用分析研究的基础上,根据某铀矿井排风口周边某一农田土壤中近10 a的铀(238U)质量比监测数据建立了指数平滑预测模型,对土壤放射性铀(238U)污染进行预测,并对预测结果进行了深入分析,精度达75%以上.预测结果表明,采用指数平滑法建立土壤放射性污染预测模型是可行的,具有一定的应用价值.铀矿井排风口尾气对周边土壤的放射性累积性污染呈逐年递增趋势,迫切需要采取一些切实可行的控制措施.     

岑王老山自然保护区药用植物资源及其开发

岑王老山自然保护区内药用植物资源丰富,通过查阅相关文献,初步确定有药用植物186科666属1186种,并提出了保护区内药用植物资源的开发途径,对其中具有开发前景的种类做了重点介绍,为保护和合理开发保护区内药用植物资源提供参考。     

History and Development of the NRCS Lag Time Equation1

Abstract: Many of the hydrologic methods that are used in engineering practice today resulted from the Spring Flood of 1936, which blanketed the Northeastern portion of the United States. Because of the flood damage that was caused by this rainfall‐snowmelt event, many federal agencies including the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers and the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) implemented the hydrologic theories that were available in the literature at this time and developed hydrologic procedures for design flow estimation. Sherman had recently published his unit hydrograph theory in 1932, and later in 1938 Snyder, who had been charged by the Water Resource Council to develop a synthetic unit hydrograph, published his famous paper. The SCS unit hydrograph theory was developed by Victor Mockus in the late 1950s. Most if not all of the theories at that time reported the rainfall‐runoff process for floods as a surface phenomenon, and as such those theories all required some type of a timing parameter to estimate watershed response time. This article documents the development of the SCS lag equation.     

建设生物防火林带的重要意义

阐述了营造生物防火林带是阻隔林火蔓延、实现"绿色防火"的主要措施,对保障森林资源安全、减少森林灾害的损失将发挥积极作用.     

山东半岛城市群相对资源承载力与竞争力研究

以山东半岛城市群为例，采用相对资源承载力的研究思路和计算方法，计算分析了其2000-2004年相对土地资源承载力、相对经济资源承载力和综合承载力及其演化过程。研究表明：①山东半岛城市群的土地资源对综合承载力的贡献大于经济资源，是山东半岛城市群人口的主要承载资源；②山东半岛城市群的综合承载力超过实际人口数量，处于相对富余状态；③相对资源承载力的地区差异较明湿，淄博、日照处于超载状态，其它处于富余状态；④相对土地资源承载力与相对经济资源承载力的小协调发展是提升山东半岛城市群竞争力需要重点解决的问题。