Construction of an ecosystem service value evaluation system for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in Chengdu City Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process北大核心CSCD

As a special ecosystem, an urban forest park, which is different from a regular “forest park”, is one of the key elements involved in improving the urban ecological environment and promoting the sustainable development of a city. The “urban forest park” can also significantly improve living conditions by acting as a greenbelt. The Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park is a rare mountain urban forest park located in the center of the city. This “urban forest park” not only provides more ecological products and maintains ecological security but also meets the growing needs of people for food, environmental quality, and spirituality. To comprehensively assess the ecological value of the Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park, this study used the literature analogy and questionnaire survey methods to establish a targeted ecosystem service assessment system in this study area. In addition, combined with the hierarchical analysis method, the indicator system was tested, and the specific evaluation index was determined. In the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park Ecosystem Service Value Index System, three first-level indicators, such as ecological material products (with a weight of 0.412 6), ecological regulation (0.327 5), and dwelling culture (0.259 9); eight secondary indicators, such as product production (0.206 3), resource supply (0.206 3), and biodiversity (0.194 4); and twenty-three tertiary indicators, such as air negative oxygen ion (0.154 7), habitat quality (0.095 9), and ecological health benefit (0.075 5), were identified. From the weights of the first and second indicators, it was clear that the supply of ecological material products is the main service function in the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park ecosystem. Moreover, from the weights of the third indicator, the public’s cognition and concept of the ecosystem service value of the “urban forest park” gradually shifted from the supply service of products and resources to cultural services. In summary, the ecosystem service value assessment system designed for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in this study has certain feasibility and extensibility that lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific assessment of ecological value and ecological value realization mechanism for other “forest parks” worldwide. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

新旅游资源观视角下旅游资源研究框架

旅游资源是旅游活动的基本要素,决定着旅游资源开发利用的综合效益。旅游资源与国家重大战略的关系日益密切,树立新旅游资源观是对区域发展实践的再认识和再实践,能够为旅游资源研究提出新的课题。梳理与总结传统旅游资源观视角下旅游资源研究成果的发展脉络,研究发现：（1）旅游资源研究内容不断丰富,研究方向日益多元,在开展基础研究的同时,积极为服务国家重大战略和区域经济社会发展做出重要贡献,一定程度上实现了“理论指导实践”与“实践完善理论”的良性互动局面。（2）新旅游资源观是指在科学技术进步、价值观念变革、旅游需求提升、人均收入提高等背景下,人们对不同来源、不同结构、不同层次的旅游资源进行整合、配置、重组和优化的动态过程,表现为人们的思维认知对旅游资源性状改变的一种能动响应。新旅游资源观是对传统旅游资源观的根本突破,呈现出新旅游资源价值观、新旅游资源利用观、新旅游资源发展观、新旅游资源效益观和新旅游资源空间观等特征。（3）从旅游资源价值转化、旅游资源可持续利用、旅游资源融合发展、旅游资源区域效益、旅游资源空间重构等方面构建新旅游资源观视角下的“五维一体”的旅游资源研究内容体系,强化旅游资源的跨区域聚合、竞合与融合,揭示跨区域旅游资源开发利用的相互作用机理。（4）面对新旅游资源观视角下旅游资源开发利用过程中出现的新问题和新课题,多学科交叉融合与新方法引进是开展旅游资源开发利用综合性、动态性、区域性和系统性研究的必然趋势。     

全球价值链视角下中国农产品贸易隐含氮、磷、钾研究

基于GTAP数据库提供的多区域投入产出表,采用全球价值链方法测算中国农产品贸易中隐含的化肥转移,并按照农产品最终消费的地理位置将其分解为四部分。研究发现：（1）中国农产品进口为国内节约640万t化肥（占我国化肥用量的13%）,同时引起全球化肥用量节约285万t,为缓解全球资源和环境压力做出贡献;（2）中国农产品贸易深度参与全球价值链,进口农产品中隐含的化肥有12%会再次出口到全球,意味着农产品贸易背后隐含的资源到达中国后会再次出口,形成多次跨境转移。建议在全球价值链视角下更为客观地估算农产品贸易隐含的化肥及其他资源环境问题,倡导共同承担贸易引致的资源环境问题。     

智能化驱动下矿工变革支持行为的代际差异研究*

为促进煤矿智能化变革,提升安全生产水平,结合价值观匹配理论,建立安全价值观匹配、工作满意度和矿工变革支持行为的理论假设模型。基于567名智能化矿山矿工的有效数据,应用结构方程模型和Bootstrap方法进行路径检验及中介效应检验,并采用多群组分析方法检验代际差异的分类调节作用。研究结果表明:内部安全理念匹配和外部社会责任匹配均对矿工变革支持行为有显著正向影响;工作满意度对矿工变革支持行为具有显著正向影响,同时在安全价值观匹配与矿工变革支持行为的关系中起中介作用;内部安全理念匹配和外部社会责任匹配对新生代矿工变革支持行为的影响效用均大于老一代矿工。提高矿工与组织的安全价值观匹配程度和工作满意度,减少老一代矿工的变革阻力,有利智能化矿山建设。     

Using historical spy satellite photographs and recent remote sensing data to identify high-conservation-value forests

High-conservation-value forests (HCVFs) are critically important for biodiversity and ecosystem service provisioning, but they face many threats. Where systematic HCVF inventories are missing, such as in parts of Eastern Europe, these forests remain largely unacknowledged and therefore often unprotected. We devised a novel, transferable approach for detecting HCVFs based on integrating historical spy satellite images, contemporary remote sensing data (Landsat), and information on current potential anthropogenic pressures (e.g., road infrastructure, population density, demand for fire wood, terrain). We applied the method to the Romanian Carpathians, for which we mapped forest continuity (1955–2019), canopy structural complexity, and anthropogenic pressures. We identified 738,000 ha of HCVF. More than half of this area was identified as susceptible to current anthropogenic pressures and lacked formal protection. By providing a framework for broad-scale HCVF monitoring, our approach facilitates integration of HCVF into forest conservation and management. This is urgently needed to achieve the goals of the European Union's Biodiversity Strategy to maintain valuable forest ecosystems.     

OMEGA算法在导弹振动工程中的应用

目的研究位移、速度和加速度谱之间的转换关系,给出三者功率谱密度之间的转换公式,进而用于导弹运输振动环境的设计。同时,研究加速度信号转换为振动位移的方法,并应用于导弹舱内单机设备安全间隙的设计。方法利用OMEGA算法,首先将加速度传感器测得的加速度时域信号转换成加速度频域信号,随后将加速度谱转换成位移谱,并计算位移谱中每个谱线对应的幅值、相位和圆频率,最后将各位移分量简单叠加得到振动位移的时间历程。结果采用该方法计算了高速公路上导弹的运输振动位移功率谱,并得到垂向、横向和纵向的峰-峰位移分别为3.32,0.46,2.14 mm。同时,计算了飞行环境下导弹舱内单机设备的振动位移,与所测得位移在幅值上相当,时域曲线形态一致。结论该方法能够很好地应用于导弹振动工程设计。     

Green research and development (R&D) investment and its impact on the market value of firms: evidence from South African mining firms

The importance of global corporate green research and development (R&D) investment is gaining momentum and South Africa is no exception. This paper examines growing economic perceptions that green financial and stock-market systems result in heightened corporate hyperopia and therefore increase long-term and future green investment associated with R&D. It reports on the findings of a survey of 14 South African mining firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange SRI index. The study found, that, these firms’ market value showed a positive association with Green R&D. It also revealed increased Green R&D activity among large mining firms in the country and that they are highly likely to maintain their level of such investment in the coming years. The study's outcomes thus add to the body of empirical knowledge on firm hyperopia in relation to corporate greening initiatives.     

水污染损失估算与治理水污染生态效益实例分析

企业排放污染物使其周围环境受到损失，根据环境所损失的价值与污染治理的费用，可以提出污染治理的生态效益，本文以沈阳某大型企业排放污水为例，主要运用了模糊数学法以及间接定价法和生态价值法对水资源价值进行核算，然后再进行费用——效益分析评价．结果表明对污水治理是具有明显生态效益的．     

浙江紫金牛属植物资源研究

对浙江境内原生分布的紫金牛属植物资源进行了调查和分析.在紫金牛属植物13个种类的引种驯化栽培、生物制药与园林花卉企业紫金牛属植物产业化开发调研的基础上,对其主要种类的药用价值和园林应用进行了评价,对该属植物的资源保护和开发利用提出了相应的对策.     

器件温度测试的影响因素

本文从器件用热像仪的测温过程、常用公式出发,针对测温条件进行了探讨,对公式里面的指数n的取值进行了推算。认为n可取4,但常数C和指数n的取值与波长范围和温度范围有关,要匹配。同时对IC温度分布的精确测量条件也进行了总结。