甘肃省景观地球化学特征初探

分析了甘肃省境内的地球化学景观特征 ,将甘肃省划分为 6个不同的地球化学景观区 ,并依据甘肃省地质矿产局 2 0余年的 1:2 0万水系沉积物测量资料 ,统计出各景观区元素含量的算数平均值及标准离差 ,与全国相应元素的水系沉积物背景值进行了对比。     

用标准基准投影法综合评价水体水质

投影法是一种多指标决策和评价的方法,可应用于水体水质间的比较与排序,但它不能定性评价水体水质,无法确定水体的污染情况.本文对谈模型作了改进,具体方法为将水质标准值设为虚拟评价对象与考察对象一同进行投影,以标准的投影值为基准,通过标准区间嵌入法确定水体水质等级值,根据各水质等级值进行评价及排序.以福州山仔水库为例,对水库的富营养化程度进行综合评价,评价结果与模糊隶属函数法基本相符,评价结果合理且方法简单明了.     

铁碳微电解法处理某化工厂废水的研究

某化工厂废水主要成份为乙醛、少量三聚乙醛、四聚乙醛、吡啶和一些乙醛聚合物。经吸附塔处理后出水ρ(CODCr)值在3000￣4000mg·L-1之间,BOD5/CODCr只有0.05,采用铁碳微电解方法进行预处理。实验结果表明,最合适反应条件是进水pH值为2、铁碳比1∶2、停留时间为2h,在此条件下CODCr去除率可达64%以上,且进水浓度的变化对去除率影响不大。而且,BOD5/CODCr值在0.45以上,提高了可生化性。     

A study on the environmental background values in the Mt. Namjagbarwa region, Tibet

A study on the elemental composition of aerosol, water and soil in the Mt. Namjagbarwa region, Tibet, was carried out in the period of 1982 to 1984. Samples of aerosol particles were collected by cascade impactor and analyzed for 10 elements by PIXE. Samples of ice, snow and water were collected and analyzed for trace metals, major cations and anions. The pH values of water were at quasi-neutrality or neutrality, and the hardness of water was low. Contents and physico-chemical composition of 20 elements in the major types of soil were determined by physico-chemical methods. Levels of elements in soil varied with soil type and their parent materials. Contents of some elements were higher in the substratum soil derived from in situ than in the surface soil. The region was in a remote area with negligible pollution and could be considered as a good location for measuring the baskground value of environmental sample.     

清洁生产审核中经济评估指标的应用

在清洁生产审核中，经济评估是对清洁生产方案的综合性全面经济分析。通过评估分析，比较各种备选方案，为投资决策选择效益最佳的方案提供依据。本文通过对水泥厂清洁生产审核经济评估指标的分析，详细阐述各项评估指标的运用效果。     

森林采伐更新效益综合评价的几个基本问题

本文主要探讨以用材林为主的森林采伐更新效益综合评价的几个基本问题。论述了采伐更新的特点,提出了综合评价的三个主要方面,四条基本原则以及基本方法与指标体系。最后对采伐更新的生产效益、生态与社会效益评价的具体方法进行了探讨。     

甘肃省土壤环境机械组成调查研究

通过对甘肃省土壤环境机械组成的调查研究，较全面、系统地获得了各种元素、土类以及各区域的土壤环境机械组成，找出了本省土壤环境机械组成特征及其分布规律。     

我国土壤中钛,锆,铪和钽的环境背景值及分布规律

在大量土壤样品分析数据的基础上,讨论了钛、锆、铪和钽在不同土类和地区的环境背景值的分布趋势和主要影响因素.     

New approach for habitat characterization based on species lists of aquatic and semiaquatic bugs

A new approach is proposed for the environmental impact assessment of fresh waters. New indices and the cenological values of aquatic and semiaquatic bug (Hemiptera) species have been obtained through multivariate analysis based on the species list of 157 localities in Hungary. The 45 species involved in this study can be characterized by their preference for habitat types on a linear scale ranging from small, shallow waters to large, deep waters. The habitats themselves can be characterized by the added cenological values of the species found.     

密切值法在大气环境质量评价中的应用

密切值法是多目标决策中的一种优选方法，而多测点，多项目的大气环境质量评价是一种典型的多目标决策问题。本文把此法应用于大气环境质量评价中，经过计算分析，表明该方法简便适用，评价结果与实际环境状况一致。