排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
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本文在分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间企业安全风险特点的基础上,建立了疫情期间安全风险管理模型,分析了这一特殊时期企业外部变化,以及企业内部人、物、环境、管理变化带来特殊安全风险,提出了针对性的风险管控措施。 相似文献
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为对复工企业疫情防控中的风险致因因素进行分析,探寻复工企业疫情防控的风险路径,基于社会技术系统理论,建立宏观工效学模型,通过查阅并分析国家、地方政府、企业文件以及相关文献,从人员、技术、组织管理、内部环境及外部环境5个子系统出发,识别出16个复工企业疫情失控致因因素;运用社会网络分析(SNA)构建复工企业疫情防控关系网络,对各因素节点中心度进行计算,分析各节点在网络中的位置及影响程度;采用贝叶斯网络(BN)进行参数学习和推理学习,找出复工企业疫情失控的最大致因链。结果表明:复工企业疫情失控关系网络中,存在政府监督管理不力→防疫物资筹备不足→日常监管不到位,政府监督管理不力→ 防疫宣传、培训缺失→员工防疫知识欠缺,政府监督管理不力→防疫宣传、培训缺失→日常监管不到位3条最长风险路径。研究结果可帮助复工企业针对最长风险路径中的因素进行管理,从而有效地为复工企业防疫提供理论支持。 相似文献
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1990年以来,在呼和浩特某地的6个自然村,查明以特殊皮肤损害为特征的慢性砷中毒病人197例。经用流行病学方法研究,从不同角度分析出,天然富砷水为该病的流行因素。 相似文献
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对虾暴发性流行病的病因及预防对策分析 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
本文报告了用电子显微镜对1993年对虾暴发性流行病的病原观察结果,确认带包膜的杆状病毒是造成虾病暴发流行的病原。借鉴东南亚各国养虾的经验教训,分析了这次虾病的流行原因是海水富营养化。并结合作者多年从事对虾病害研究工作的实践,讨论了预防对虾暴发性流行病的对策。 相似文献
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Jo Murphy-Lawless 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2004,17(4-5):385-403
The recent crises of BSE and FMD in the United Kingdom have revealed widespread concerns on the part of farmers and consumers about government regulations and handling of animal movements, animal welfare, and food safety. Both crises raised issues of government accountability and the lack of openness in public debate. The issues of democratic process and decision-making were especially strong in relation to the mass slaughter policy of the government to control FMD. This article explores public disquiet about these matters, as expressed through the reports of two public inquiries, and the perceived links between government decision-making and the needs of global agribusiness, to the detriment of family farms and animal welfare. In light of the growing evidence about the environmental and economic costs of agribusiness, the argument is made that strong programs of citizen action, such as the Devon Foot and Mouth Inquiry, that are grounded in an ethical stance on animal welfare can challenge the perspectives of central governments about concepts of cost, efficiency, and safety in agriculture. 相似文献
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气候异常与中国小麦白粉病灾害流行关系的研究 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:16
分析了厄尔尼诺事件与我国冬小麦白粉病发病面积的相关关系。结果表明:在厄尔尼诺出现的起始年,冬小麦白粉病发病面积相对较小;在厄尔诺起始年至下一个厄尔诺起始年前的前一年,冬小麦白粉病发病面积趋势逐年增大,并在下一个厄尔尼诺起始年前一年达到最大值;在连续出现厄尔尼诺的年份,冬小麦白粉病发生面积逐年降低。厄尔尼诺事件通过引发主要麦区的诱水、温度异常来影响小麦白粉病的流行程度。造成厄尔尼诺年我国小麦白粉病发病面向相对较低的原因,与厄尔尼诺起始年前的冬半年寒潮活动加强造成冬小麦冻害严重,大大降低了小麦白粉菌的越冬基数及春季干旱不利于小麦白粉菌的侵染有关。 相似文献
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医护人员血源性病原体职业危害研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本研究的目的是了解医护人员血源性病原体职业接触流行特征、职业危害及其研究进展。结果表明,发生针刺及其他锐器损伤的最主要的职业群体是护理人员,最容易导致医护人员损伤的锐器为注射器针头、玻璃安瓿、缝合针和手术刀片等,导致医护人员锐器伤的最常见的医疗操作是注射、缝合和采血。发生血源性病原体职业接触后,医护人员可能感染HBV、HCV及HIV等多种血源性病原体。国内既往研究大多关注伤害发生率及相关危险因素,未对血源性病原体职业接触后感染HBV、HCV及HIV的风险开展研究,尚需通过建立队列,开展前瞻性调查研究。 相似文献
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The national lockdown policies have drastically disrupted socioeconomic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic in China, which provides a unique opportunity to investigate the air quality response to such anthropogenic disruptions. And it is meaningful to evaluate the potential health impacts of air quality changes during the lockdown, especially for PM2.5 with adverse health effects. In this study, by using PM2.5 observations from 1388 monitoring stations nationwide in China, we examine the PM2.5 variations between the COVID-19 lockdown (February and March in 2020) and the same period in 2015–2019, and find that the national average of PM2.5 decreases by 18 μg/m3, and mean PM2.5 for most sites (about 75%) decrease by 30%–60%. The anthropogenic and meteorological contributions to these PM2.5 variations are also determined by using a stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) model combined with the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter. Our results show that the change of anthropogenic emissions is a leading contributor to those widespread PM2.5 reductions, and meteorological conditions have the negative influence on PM2.5 reductions for some regions, such as Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH). Additionally, the avoided premature death due to PM2.5 reduction is estimated as a predicted number based on a log-linear concentration-response function. The total avoided premature death is 9952 in China, with dominant contribution (94%) from anthropogenic emission changes. For BTH, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Hubei regions, the reductions of PM2.5 are 24.1, 24.3, 13.5 and 29.5 μg/m3, with the avoided premature deaths of 1066, 1963, 454 and 583, respectively. 相似文献