垃圾填埋场有机污染物的生物降解机理

概述了垃圾填埋场中微生物的作用特性，微生物对有机污染物的降解及其影响因素，介绍了有机污染物降解的两种生化动力学模型：“速度指数模型”和“双曲线速度模型”，以及垃圾降解的动力学方程。     

长袋低压脉冲除尘器的创新与发展

依靠科技进步，应用多项专利技术，研制与开发的LFDM型长袋低压脉冲除尘器，成功应用于冶金、有色、建材、电力、机械和矿业等行业的工业气体除尘与净化；具有明显的达标排放和占地小、阻力低、投资省、运行费用少等特点。     

选择透过性材料在生化防护服中的应用

人们在生产和生活过程中面临着有毒化学品和生物制剂的威胁。多年来，生化防护服广泛应用于工业、医学和军事，性能也在不断发展。过去的防护服材料主要是隔绝式材料和活性炭复合透气织物。隔绝式防护材料虽然能提供良好的防护性能，但是它制成的防护服笨重、不透气、穿着不舒适、限制肢体活动，     

管——板脉冲钨极氩弧焊在换热器焊接头中的应用

换热管与管板的连接质量，一直是换热器生产中一个重要的问题。介绍了EWA306型全位置管板脉冲钨极氩弧焊在这方面的应用     

浅谈道路行车速度限制的合理性

目前，许多部门和驾驶员纷纷反应道路限速过低，路难行、罚款重，而道路主管部门按公路设计速度设置限速标志，交警部门按标志设定的限速进行监控，如何协调安全与畅通关系，合理设定道路行车速度的限定，成了当前交通管理值得关注与研究的课题。     

你知道汽车如何智能调速吗？

不少汽车驾驶员都知道卫星定位设备，它能对道路上摄像头和测速仪的位置进行报警，提醒驾驶员注意遵守交通规则。但它的设计初衷使它不但不能敦促驾驶员遵守教规，反而使他们更加肆无忌惮地驾驶汽车。然而，天使与恶魔往往只有一步之遥。同样利用卫星定位系统，瑞典最近开发出一套“智能速度调节（ISA）”系统，能自动调节汽车速度使车辆全程遵守限速规定。     

冰川消融速度比过去350年快100倍

英国阿伯里斯特维斯大学教授研究小组利用冰碛（冰川留下的碎片）的蔓延开发了一套复杂的冰量流失计算方法。他们得出的结论认为，     

烧结机机尾除尘系统的改造

叙述某烧结厂烧结机机尾除尘方式由原来的回转反吹扁袋除尘器改为气箱脉冲袋式除尘器的设计及工程实例。介绍原用除尘器的缺点及改造后除尘器的设计安装及运行数据和监测结果等方面的问题。改造后除尘系统已经运行一年,各项指标正常,运行良好。     

Critical velocity in phosphorus exchange processes across the sediment-water interface

Sediments are ultimate sinks of nutrients in lakes that record the pollution history evolutionary processes, and anthropogenic activities of a lake. However, sediments are considered as inner sources of environmental factor changes such as the variation in hydrodynamic conditions because of the nutrients they release. How does this process happen？ This study investigates a typical nutrient phosphorus （P） exchange among sediment, suspended particle matter （SPM）, and water. Compared with numerical and experimental studies, this study confirms that the critical velocity that occurs at a lower flow rate state exists in the range of 7 to 15 crn/sec. Critical velocity below the critical flow rate promotes the migration of particulate phosphorus （PP） to the SPM. On the other hand, critical velocity above the critical flow rate promotes the release of PP in water.     

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a forest soil profile

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） represents one of the most mobile and reactive organic compounds in ecosystem and plays an important role in the fate and transport of soil organic pollutants, nutrient cycling and more importantly global climate change. Electrochemical methods were first employed to evaluate DOM redox properties, and spectroscopic approaches were utilized to obtain information concerning its composition and structure. DOM was extracted from a forest soil profile with five horizons. Differential pulse voltammetry indicated that there were more redox-active moieties in the DOM from upper horizons than in that from lower horizons. Cyclic voltammetry further showed that these moieties were reversible in electron transfer. Chronoamperometry was employed to quantify the electron transfer capacity of DOM, including electron acceptor capacity and electron donor capacity, both of which decreased sharply with increasing depth. FT-IR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra results suggested that DOM from the upper horizons was enriched with aromatic and humic structures while that from the lower horizons was rich in aliphatic carbon, which supported the findings obtained by electrochemical approaches. Electrochemical approaches combined with spectroscopic methods were applied to evaluate the characteristics of DOM extracted along a forest soil profile. The electrochemical properties of DOM, which can be rapidly and simply obtained, provide insight into the migration and transformation of DOM along a soil profile and will aid in better understanding of the biogeochemical role of DOM in natural environments.