便携式傅里叶红外分析仪测定水中挥发性有机污染物

发明了一种利用GASMET FTIR Dx4020便携式傅里叶红外分析仪测定水中挥发性有机物的实用方法,该方法可以定性定量25个水中挥发性有机物.该方法具有简便快捷、灵敏度高等特点,以苯系物中各单组分物质为例,方法检测限为11 ～45μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.4％ ～ 6.6％,加标回收率为98％ ～ 109％,在浓度范围内具有良好的线性.但对苯系物混合物定量准确性还需进一步研究提高.     

煤矿井下故障电信号快速检测电路的动态研究

对利用动态整定实现故障电信号快速检测电路的动态特性进行了分析和模拟实验。用数字贮存示波器（ＤＳＯ）记录了各参量的动态变化过程,结果表明,快速检测电路在动态下能对故障电信号进行快速检测,采样时间短     

经济发达地区的生态农业发展战略--以江苏省江阴市为例

我国的经济发达地区普遍存在着人地关系紧张、环境质量恶化和农产品质量下降等问题,发展生态农业是缓解这些矛盾的重要途径。本文以江阴市为例,分析了经济发达地区农业发展中存在的主要制约因素,强调了区内发展生态农业的迫切性和优势条件,根据区域社会经济发展特点,指出该市应以为中心城市服务的都市生态农业为发展方向,借鉴发达国家生态农业建设的先进经验,将生态农业建设与农业现代化建设有机地结合起来,探索和推广适合本地特点的精准设施农业技术,达到节约水、肥资源,提高农产品产量和品质的目的。     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法在环境监测中的应用进展

综述了傅立叶变换红外光谱法在水环境监测、大气环境监测、固体和土壤环境监测,以及突发性环境污染事故、“防化学战争”和“反恐怖活动”应急监测中的应用,指出该方法已成为鉴别未知污染物和环境监测的重要工具。     

Nexus between renewable energy consumption,economic growth,and CO2 emissions in Algeria: New evidence from the Fourier-Bootstrap ARDL approach

Governments often impose new energy strategies to support new CO₂ emission-reducing technologies without affecting economic growth. Hence, this study aims to re-investigate the relationship between economic growth, renewable energy use, and CO₂ emissions in Algeria from 1990 to 2018. Motivated by the mixed findings of the existing literature, which ignore the Fourier function and bootstrap test and apply the newly developed Fourier bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag model (FARDL). Our findings indicate that renewable energy use and growth have a long-run relationship with CO₂ emissions and do not accept the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for CO₂ emissions in Algeria. In the long term, the results show that renewable energy use has a negative and significant impact, and growth has a positive and statistically significant effect on CO₂ emissions. In the short run, the findings indicate that renewable energy use reduces CO₂ emissions, while both the growth and squared growth had positive and statistically insignificant impacts on CO₂ emissions, confirming the lack of evidence supporting the EKC hypothesis. Moreover, the causality test indicates a one-way causation from growth to renewable energy use, confirming the conservation hypothesis for Algeria and from growth to CO₂ emissions. Interestingly, we found one-way causality from CO₂ emissions to renewable energy use, attributing this to the fact that renewable energy usage has yet to reach a point that it can significantly cause a CO₂ emissions reduction. Based on the results, we recommend that policymakers design appropriate policies to decarbonize energy consumption, e.g., increasing fossil fuel costs and implementing a carbon tax. In contrast, Algeria should promote new CO₂ emission-reducing technologies without affecting economic growth, e.g., tax exemptions and reductions for enterprise owners in the renewable energy industry.     

The Evaluation of Mesoporous Materials as Catalyst in Fast Pyrolysis of Wheat Straw

In this study, wheat straw was chosen as a biomass sample and the fast pyrolysis of this sample was carried out with or without catalyst at different conditions in a well-swept fixed-bed reactor. Experiments were carried out in a well-swept tubular fixed-bed reactor with a heating rate of 300°C/min, between pyrolysis temperature ranges 300–800°C in the nitrogen atmosphere. The results indicated that a maximum oil yield of 31.9% was obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 500°C in non-catalytic procedure. Siliceous and Al-MCM-41 materials were evaluated as potential catalysts in the pyrolysis experiments. Mesoporous materials have large pore dimensions with strong acid sites. These acidic sites catalyze some reactions in pyrolysis. The product yields and the quality of bio-oil were influenced with using MCM-41 materials. The bio-oil yield was reduced, whereas the gas yield increased with using a catalyst in the experiments. An increase in the fractions of pure phenol, alkyl phenols, alkenes+alkanes, carbonyls, aromatic, and cyclic compounds and a decrease in the fractions of methoxy phenols, acids+esters, furans, and alcohols were observed in the presence of Al-MCM-41 material. According to all results, the use of Al-MCM-41 materials as catalyst in the pyrolysis can be suggested to obtain both quality fuels and valuable chemicals.     

改进铁路餐饮服务经营安全监督管理的思考

阐述铁路餐饮服务监督管理工作中食用油及食品添加剂管理、旅游列车供餐及沿线伙食团管理、快餐配送及网络订餐、相关监督工作文书使用等,根据国家相关规定,结合铁路管理现状和工作实践提出了应对和解决建议。     

曲线回归与傅里叶级数组合方法在瓦斯抽采量预测中的应用

为解决瓦斯抽采量的预测问题,针对瓦斯抽采量随时间的变化波动性较大的特点,用曲线回归和傅里叶级数组合方法,建立关于瓦斯抽采量的预测模型。首先采用基于最小二乘原理的曲线回归研究瓦斯抽采量总体趋势,得到回归方程。将瓦斯抽采量观测值与曲线回归结果相减,可得瓦斯抽采量各实测值在回归曲线上的波动值。采用Fourier级数分析该波动规律,得到其Fourier级数方程,将回归方程与Fourier级数方程相加即可完成预测模型的建立。研究结果表明,将此模型应用到某矿瓦斯抽采量预测分析中,预测结果精确度可达到98.39%。     

Development of a novel myconanomining approach for the recovery of agriculturally important elements from jarosite waste

In this study, an ecofriendly and economically viable waste management approach have been attempted towards the biosynthesis of agriculturally important nanoparticles from jarosite waste. Aspergillus terreus strain J4 isolated from jarosite(waste from Debari Zinc Smelter,Udaipur, India), showed good leaching efficiency along with nanoparticles(NPs) formation under ambient conditions. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) confirmed the formation of NPs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX analysis) showed strong signals for zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium,with these materials being leached out. TEM analysis and high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) showed semi-quasi spherical particles having average size of 10‐50 nm. Thus, a novel biomethodology was developed using fungal cell-free extract for bioleaching and subsequently nanoconversion of the waste materials into nanostructured form. These biosynthesized nanoparticles were tested for their efficacy on seed emergence activity of wheat(Triticum aestivum) seeds and showed enhanced growth at concentration of 20 ppm. These nanomaterials are expected to enhance plant growth properties and being targeted as additives in soil fertility and crop productivity enhancement.