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711.
金磊 《中国安全科学学报》1995,5(2):19-24
阐述建立风险学的重要性,探讨了开展安全减灾风险评价与管理的关键问题。概要介绍国内外风险水平的表征、识别方法及指标体系,并提出风险管理的基本原则。引入风险地图、危机管理、风险数学、应急与预警等现代概念及方法,基本反映了在瑞典召开的“新区开发中的风险科学与管理”国际会议的内容。 相似文献
712.
论区域环境规划与区域开发环境影响评价在区域开发环境管理中的作用和地位 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
回顾了国内外区域开发环境管理的发展历程,简要论述了区域环境规划与区域开发环境影响评价在区域开发环境管理中的作用和地位以及两者的相互关系。 相似文献
713.
金磊 《中国安全科学学报》1995,(2)
阐述建立风险学的重要性,探讨了开展安全减灾风险评价与管理的关键问题。概要介绍国内外风险水平的表征、识别方法及指标体系,并提出风险管理的基本原则。引入风险地图、危机管理、风险数学、应急与预警等现代概念及方法,基本反映了在瑞典召开的“新区开发中的风险科学与管理”国际会议的内容。 相似文献
714.
简述了我国重大工业事故发生的主要原因,提出了建立重大事故预防控制体系的建议,制定《重大事故预防和控制法》,实行重大危险源上报、登记、评价、分级监察管理,建立国家、省、市三级重大事故应急反应系统和重大危险源动态监控网络系统。 相似文献
715.
为确保炼油厂设备安全而稳定地运行,各生产装置都要定期进行停工检修,在此期间排放的污染物对环境将产生一定的影响。停工检修中的环保工作包括实施环保措施;加强环境管理;并且将2000m~3隔油池由一间式变为两间式,提高污水处理率和达标率。 相似文献
716.
The National Forest Management Act (1976) specifies that multiresource inventories be conducted to provide baseline data for
development and, later, monitoring of national forest management plans. This mandate entails the most ambitious and complex
resource planning effort ever attempted. In this paper we evaluate the structure and use of current inventory-monitoring programs
and recommend a framework for gathering data to improve national forest planning. Current national guidelines are general
and provide only basic directions to forest-level planners. Forest inventories have traditionally concentrated on timber.
Although these inventories are often well designed, the questions we are now asking about forest resources have outgrown these
methods. Forest management is impeded by general confusion over definitions of resources and the interactions among them.
We outline a simple classification scheme that centers on identification of basic ecosystem elements that can be readily measured.
Furthermore, spatial and temporal scales must be considered in the design of inventory-monitoring programs. The concept of
ecological indicators is reviewed, and caution is advised in their use. Inventory-monitoring programs should be goal-directed
and based on as rigorous a statistical design as possible. We also review fundamental issues of variable selection, validation,
and sampling bias. We conclude by developing a flexible inventory-monitoring program that is designed to provide information
on individual characteristics of the environment, rather than being based on fixed definitions of resources. 相似文献
717.
Stephen P. Mumme 《Environmental management》1995,19(6):827-835
United States-Mexican transboundary water resources management is presently experiencing significant reform resulting from
long-term demographic processes in the border region and greater economic integration. The recently concluded North American
Free Trade Agreement and supplementary environmental accord modify existing agreements and provide old institution with new
mandates. Particularly affected is the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC), long the lead agency in binational
water management. This essay reviews the development of the new water management regime against the two preceding phases of
management reform and considers its implications for improved water management in the border region. 相似文献
718.
Carlos Wing-Hung Lo 《Environmental management》1995,19(3):331-344
Within the context of political democratization, this article explores environmental protection in Hong Kong since the government
lauched a ten-year program to “save the environment” in 1989. Examining environmental management by law from a social-choice
perspective, it argues that the government has yet to reach an integrative policy orocess. Hence the preconditions for an
integrative set of environmental legislation are absent. Institutionally, without a comprehensive green policy, the current
arrangements lack a vision as an integrative force to promote effective coordination among various sectoral environmental
coordination among various sectoral environmental programs. The dominant approach of policy and law enforcement through consultation
has rendered impossible strict enforcement of environmental rules and regulations as local economic growth enjoys a priority
over environmental protection. At a time of environmental awakening, the people of Hong Kong are not yet prepared awakening,
the people of Hong Kong are not yet prepared to participate in environmental management in a strict legal manner. The overall
observation is that Hong Kong has yet to see more mature political, legal, administrative, and social conditions for managing
its environment within a legal framework. 相似文献
719.
Venkateswara R. Rao 《Environmental management》1995,19(3):313-320
Risk management practices under the current environmental regulations is a long, complex process that considers scientific,
technologic, and management factors to develop various regulatory standards and pollution control measures. Using the mandatory
enforcement approach, sometimes referred to as “command-and-control”, a set of preliminary environmental goals, such as better
air and water qualities, were achieved. However, the information-intensive nature of the risk management process and the lack
of flexibility in conventional regulatory methods to changing economic and technologic realities of the decade has created
interest among risk managers to examine some innovative management approaches. Above all, environmental problems of a global
scale require novel management methods while striving to achieve the desired environmental goals.
As the principal analytical tool in risk management, quantitative risk assessment exerts considerable influence on the risk
management process. Therefore, advances in risk management are closely associated with scientific developments that enhance
the risk assessment process, particularly those efforts aimed at improving human exposure and toxicity assessments. Market
incentives, information dissemination, creative enforcement practices, and interagency and intergovernmental interactions
were identified as the key elements of innovative environmental risk management practices. This paper will present an overview
of the emerging innovative risk management approaches. 相似文献
720.