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71.
72.
海水水质评价的倍斜率隶属函数聚类法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
建立了宽域式倍斜率聚类的海水水质评价模式,其函数的右侧斜度为左侧斜率的2倍,勿求权重,直接聚类,海水水质评价实例说明,本文模糊综合评判法和灰色聚类法和更为合理,实用。 相似文献
73.
G.M. Kolesov 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1995,7(1):92-100
NeutronactivationmethodintheanalysisofenvironmentalobjectsG.M.Kolesov(V.I.VernadskyInstituteofGeochem。&Anal.Chem.,RussianAcad... 相似文献
74.
Soil and water loss in the Lancang River-Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) and its control measures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MekongRiverisoriginatedinthenorthernrangeofTibetQinghaiPlateauofChina,flowingthroughsixcountries,theyareChina(YunnanProvince),M?.. 相似文献
75.
污染生态学的新发展—污染进化生态学 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
污染胁迫的最显著效应是消除敏感物种或个体,导致植物居群进化。突变是进化的原料,选择是进化的手段,隔离是进化的条件,控制抗性性状的基因因物种及污染物的种类不同而异,但也会出现植物同时具有对某两种或几种污染物的抗性,即所谓协同抗性;污染除使植物衰退外,还可能导致一些遗传信息丧失,使抗性种群内物种单一,降低其适合度,对其它环境胁迫因素的抵抗力下降,即所谓适应代价。 相似文献
76.
基于ARCGIS的安徽省地震应急快速反应系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地震给人类带来了严重的灾害,建立地震应急快速反应系统能够使人们快速响应地震,快速组织有效的救援行动.本文介绍了利用GIS技术计算地震的影响范围,对地震造成的灾害进行评估,同时给出相应的救援建议. 相似文献
77.
Boris N. Porfiriev 《Environmental management》1996,20(1):25-33
An analysis is presented of the environmental effects of the most serious radiation accident recorded after Chernobyl, which
occurred in the formerly secret town of Tomsk-7 in Siberia, Russia, on 6, April 1993. Fortunately, it appears not to have
become a major industrial crisis or disaster. The causes of the accident are described. It is argued that a mixture of both
objective and subjective prerequisites, including specific human, organizational, and technological factors, were responsible
for the explosion or directly facilitated it. The Tomsk-7 accident's ecological, medical, social, and psychological consequences
are discussed. 相似文献
78.
Atsuyoshi Nakayama Norioki Kawasaki Ioannis Arvanitoyannis Seiichi Aiba Noboru Yamamoto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1996,4(3):205-211
Biodegradable polyesters were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization of -butyrolactone (BL) and its derivatives withl-lactide (LLA). Although tetraphenyl tin was the main catalyst used, other organometallic catalysts were used as well.1H and13C NMR spectra showed that poly(BL-co-LLA)s were statistical and that their number-average molecular weights were as high as 7×104. The maximum BL content obtained from copolymerization BL/LLA was around 17%. TheT
m andT
g values of the copolymers showed a gradual depression with an increase in BL content. NoT
m was obtained for the copolymers containing more than 13 mol% BL. The biodegradability of the copolyesters was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and nonenzymatic hydrolysis tests. The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 37°C for 24 h using lipases fromRhizopus arrhizus andR. delemar. Hydrolyses by both lipases showed that an increase in BL content of the copolymer resulted in enhanced biodegradability. Nonenzymatic accelerated hydrolysis of copolymers at 70°C was found to increase proportionally to their exposure time. The hydrolysis rate of these copolymers was considerably faster than that of PLLA. The higher hydrolyzability was recorded for the BL-rich copolymers. The copolymerization of -methyl--butyrolactone (MBL) or -ethyl--butyrolactone (EBL) with LLA resulted in relatively LA-rich copolymers. 相似文献
79.
/ The valleys of European piedmonts constitute changing narrow corridors within which water, matter, nutrients, energy, and species flow. The dispersion patterns of these flows have been significantly disturbed since the end of the 18th century. Thus, western European valleys have been changed into complex mosaics by implementation of socioeconomical programs. In order to define future actions allowing the preservation of this "ecocomplex" (Blandin and Lamotte 1988), it is necessary to gather precise information of the landscape dynamics. Hence, the study of the European river valleys must be based upon two major steps: (1)the analysis of the present landscape with suitable remote sensing techniques, allowing us to map the complex mosaic of narrow corridors; and (2) the analysis of temporal landscape development patterns since the first engineering works that have transformed the braided channel system. In this paper, the efficiency of the addition of two techniques is highlighted: (1) the "wavelet merging method" from multispectral and panchromatic SPOT images for the floodplain land-cover mapping, and (2) the historical reconstruction techniques from old maps and archive documents in order to analyze the cumulative impacts of engineering works on landscape diversity. To illustrate the method, a particularly complex case study is chosen: the Arc/Isere confluence (downstream from Albertville, Savoie, France). Remote sensing, field survey, and historical reconstruction allowed us to distinguish two types of spatial units: (1) the "functional sets" characterized by independent state factors (edaphic, hydrological, and topographic) and supporting a limited number of vegetation types (spontaneous or cultivated), and (2) the functional unit (= ecotope), which corresponds to a unique combination of vegetation type/functional set.KEY WORDS: Landscape ecology; Floodplains; Vegetation; Land use; Remote sensing; Historical reconstruction; Mapping; Merging methods; Human impacts; Alps; Isere river; France 相似文献
80.
Taylor AJ 《Disasters》1983,7(1):37-40
This paper defines the various levels within government, the voluntary agencies and the community which might benefit from training and makes suggestions as to where the emphasis should be placed. It points out that training programmes should be designed to meet the expressed needs of a particular group of trainees as well as be related to the current or potential disaster situation. 相似文献