大型化肥装置酸气处理的探讨

在分析了大型化肥装置酸气处理的现状和发展趋势后，总结了大型化肥装置酸气的特点，并对两种可供选择的酸气处理方法进行了比较。     

Pollution of surface waters with pesticides in Germany: modeling non-point source inputs

Pesticide pollution of surface waters represents a considerable hazard for the aquatic environment. However, the mean amount of pesticides reaching the water resources varies considerably between regions and depends highly upon application rates, chemical characteristics of pesticides and natural conditions during application. In this study a model was developed which estimates loss of 42 active ingredients applied to 11 field crops, vineyards and orchards along each non-point source path of entry (subsurface drains, runoff and spray drift). A spatially and temporally differentiated data set of application rates and periods was compiled for each active ingredient and target culture to enable the modeling of pesticide transport. The model results are provided in digital raster format (100 m×100 m) within a geographic information system (GIS). The calculated pesticide loads in surface waters were compared with measured loads from different catchments in Germany. Both data sets agreed as to the order of magnitude, nevertheless due to the scale of the study the estimated loads cannot be interpreted as absolute values and only differences between active ingredients, regions and application periods should be assessed.     

含氮有机膦及其叔胺氧化物阻垢缓蚀性能现场应用研究

本文报道了含氮有机膦及其叔胺氧化物在冷却水系统中的缓蚀与阻垢性能,结果表明,叔胺氧化物与Na_2MoO_4复配时呈现出良好的协同效应.     

汾河流域景观破碎化时空演变特征

以1990年、2000年、2015年遥感影像解译数据为基础,利用Fragstats 4.2软件分别采取标准法和移动窗口法获取最佳分析尺度;在此基础上探索各景观指数空间分异特征,揭示流域景观破碎化时空演变过程;采用空间自回归模型分析景观破碎化的影响因子。结果表明：随着粒度和幅度的改变,部分景观指数呈现一定规律性,90 m栅格大小、900 m方形窗口尺寸为研究区最佳分析尺度;斑块密度、蔓延度、有效网格大小、香农多样性指数在三个时期均存在空间集聚效应,且空间集聚类型分布形态具有较强的相似性;1990-2015年汾河流域景观破碎化空间分布格局发生明显变化,破碎化集聚区域呈现碎斑化;坡度、高程、距建设用地距离是影响三个时期流域景观破碎化的主要影响因素。     

钢铁厂铁鳞、铁红基本物性及还原性研究

对钢铁厂铁鳞、铁红的基本物化性能和还原性能进行了研究。结果表明：粒度较粗、全铁较高铁鳞的还原性较好，适于作为优质海绵铁的原料。粒度极细、全铁高且杂质含量很低的铁红还原性也较好，适于作还原铁粉生产的原料。     

Development and experience in the monitoring,assessment and control of environmentalpollutants in Hong Kong

The late start of environmental protection in Hong Kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in Hong Kong for the past 20 years. The collaboration in monitoring and assessment of environmental pollutants between the University of Hong Kong and various governments were descrbed in parallel with the progress in environmental protection in Hong Kong. The developments of new analytical techniques for environmental monitoring and analysis is given and their application in environmental control described. The joint projects in assessment and control of environmental pollutants carried out in collaboration with local industries and other organizations within and without the university are given and discussed. The problems and possible solution facing Hong Kong in development control equipment for small scale industries are discussed and areas of development identified. The development and experience in the monitoring assessment and co     

Performance of various sub-grid scale models in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow over complex terrain

Turbulent flow over a two-dimensional steep hill was analyzed by large-eddy simulations (LES). Here, six LES computations were carried out using four different sub-grid scale (SGS) models and two different ground surface conditions. The accuracy of these computations was assessed by comparing the results with those from an experiment by Ishihara et al. (An experimental study of turbulent boundary layer over a steep hill, Proceedings of the 15th National Symposium on Wind Engineering, 1998, pp. 61–66; J. Wind Eng. 89 (2001) 573). The results of the dynamic SGS models were in very poor agreement with those of the experiment. The poor prediction accuracy was mainly caused by the inaccurate estimation of the model coefficient near the ground surface. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the dynamic SGS models, a hybrid SGS model, i.e., a combination of the standard Smagorinsky model and the dynamic Smagorinsky model, was introduced. The hybrid model provided very accurate predictions and produced the best results of the four SGS models compared here.     

改善热轧降尘效率的雾化参数分析*

为提高热轧工作区的雾化降尘效率,研究尘雾颗粒碰撞相关理论,以热轧产生的氧化铁皮粉尘为研究对象,建立基于雾滴粒径、雾滴速度和液体流量多个雾化参数的降尘效率计算模型;分析单一雾化参数对降尘效率的影响;通过实验,测得不同气液压力组合下的雾化参数,运用响应曲面法,分析多个雾化参数耦合对降尘效率的影响。结果表明:降尘效率随着雾滴粒径的减小、液体流量增大而提高,雾滴速度对其影响不明显;多因素耦合时,通过调节气液压力组合来控制降尘效率,结合高温环境对雾滴存活时间的影响分析,当气压0.3 MPa、液压0.5 MPa时,粒径为21～27 μm的粉尘沉降效果最佳,降尘效率达到90%以上,可有效解决热轧车间粉尘污染问题。     

农作物种植结构与农民收入及其对环境影响的分析

农民增收问题是三农问题的重要环节。本文以湖南省张家界市慈利县零溪镇大庄村第五、八、十六组为研究对象,分析了自1980年实行土地包产到户以来农作物种植结构的变化及农民收入之间的关系,认为在本地以柑橘为主的单一类型农作物规模化经营最有利于降低农民劳动强度、提高农民收入,对环境既有正面影响也有负面影响,并对其带来的环境影响提出了思考和建议。     

Assessing the not‐invented‐here syndrome: Development and validation of implicit and explicit measurements

The not‐invented‐here (NIH) syndrome has been called one of the largest obstacles in innovation management, preventing effective knowledge transfer between organizational units and individuals. NIH is defined as a negatively shaped attitude towards knowledge that has to cross a disciplinary, spatial, or organizational boundary, resulting in either its suboptimal utilization or its rejection. Our goal is to equip scholars with appropriate measurement instruments for the phenomenon. On the basis of 4 studies with 1,238 subjects overall, we developed an implicit measure based on the implicit‐association test as well as an explicit (survey) measure of NIH, taking into account theoretical insights on attitude structure. We provide evidence for reliability as well as construct and criterion validity. We want to facilitate further research on NIH and knowledge transfer (a) by providing a better theoretical framework for NIH on the basis of the tripartite componential model of attitudes, (b) by demonstrating the application of association‐based implicit measures for management research, and (c) by providing a validated multidimensional survey scale to measure NIH explicitly. We also provide recommendations on how managers can utilize the NIH measurement instruments to investigate NIH and potential countermeasures in detail and they can test the behavioral outcomes postulated by previous research.