确定二氧化硫总量控制目标方法的研究

分析了城市二氧化硫地面浓度来源,提出了高、中、低架源对地面浓度贡献的理论,由城市污染源排放结构导出该城市的年平均扩散系数,确定城市二氧化硫地面环境质量控制目标,从而可以得出各城市二氧化硫总量控制目标值      

氯代芳香化合物的KOW与对数拓扑指数和路径指数的相关性

本文用１ｇＫｏｗ表征氯代芳香化合物的生物降解能力,并分别以对数拓扑指数（ＬＴＩ）和路径指数（ＰＩ）为自变量,建立了新的预测模型。结果表明,回归方程的预测值与实验值十分吻合,相关系数接近于１,平均标准偏差小于０．１。     

回采工作面安全性灰色评价模型分辨系数p对评价结果的影响分析

阐述了对回采工作面安全性进行客观而准确评价的重要性。灰色关联理论应用于安全评价过程中 ,就其分辨系数 p选择所存在的问题进行了理论分析 ,并用实例验证了分辨系数对评价结果的影响 ,得出了分辨系数 p必须大于 0 .4的结论。这对灰色关联理论在安全评价中的应用研究 ,具有一定的参考价值。     

中国高新技术产业的地理格局与地理集中

与传统产业相比,高新技术产业对地理集中具有更加强烈的内在要求,这导致其地理格局与传统产业具有明显的差别。在产业集中指数等相关理论方法和实证分析的基础上,力图从地理学视角,结合高新技术产业的时间序列数据和2008年断面数据,从整体产业和分行业研究了高新技术产业地理格局和地理集中的现状和变动趋势。研究发现,我国高新技术产业高度集中在沿海省区和陕、川两省,省区间差距悬殊;高新技术产业产值份额同经济发展显著相关。时间序列分析表明：长时间尺度产业集中持续增强,近年来趋于稳定;地理格局逐渐清晰,核心省区凸显。不同行业由于产业性质、发展基础、资源需求和市场群体的差异,有其各自的集中态势和演变趋势。     

Natural variability and correlations in the metabolic profile of healthy Eisenia fetida earthworms observed using ¹H NMR metabolomics

¹H NMR metabolomics can be used to assess the sub-lethal toxicity of contaminants to earthworms by identifying alterations in the metabolic profiles of contaminant- exposed earthworms in contrast to those of healthy (control) individuals. In support of this method this study sought to better characterize the baseline metabolic profile of healthy, mature earthworms of the species, Eisenia fetida, which is recommended for both acute and sub-lethal toxicity testing for soil contaminants. Profiles of D₂O-buffer extracted metabolites were determined using ¹H NMR spectroscopy and both inter-individual metabolic variability and pair-wise metabolic correlations were assessed. The control earthworm extracts exhibited low overall inter-individual metabolic variability, with a spectrum-wide median relative standard deviation (%RSD = standard deviation/mean × 100) of 14%, which suggests that the metabolic profile of E. fetida earthworms is well controlled in laboratory conditions and supports further use of this organism in environmental metabolomics research. In addition, strong positive correlations were detected between the levels of maltose, betaine, glycine, and glutamate as well as between the levels of lactate, valine, leucine, alanine, lysine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine which had not previously been reported. Since comparison of pair-wise metabolic correlations between control and treated organisms can reveal changes in the underlying pattern of biochemical relationships between the metabolites, identification of these significant metabolic correlations in control earthworms provides an additional characteristic that may be applied to delineate between control and treated earthworms in future NMR-based metabolomic studies.     

The use of hard- and soft-modelling to predict radiostrontium solid-liquid distribution coefficients in soils

The solid-liquid distribution coefficient (K_d) is the parameter that governs the incorporation of contaminants in soils. Its estimation allows the prediction of the fate of contaminants in the short- and long-term after a contamination event. Here, the K_d of radiostrontium (K_d(Sr)), a radionuclide of significant environmental interest, was predicted by hard models, which are based on knowledge of the mechanisms governing its sorption, and by soft models based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), using a large data set with the main soil parameters. The two approaches were tested and compared for 30 soils in Spain. Correlations between the predicted and experimental values of K_d(Sr) obtained using hard- and soft-modelling showed slopes close to 1 and regression coefficients higher than 0.95, which confirms that both approaches are able to obtain satisfactory estimates for K_d(Sr) from soil parameters.     

空气质量监测系统中浓度换算及相关校准问题的探讨

目前在城市空气质量自动监测系统中,多数使用美国进口仪器由于我国规定的空气质量标准状态与美国规定不同,带来了两国在空气质量监测结果表达上的差异,这种差异表现在污染物浓度的两种表示方法的换算上。对此问题及相关的仪器校准方法进行了讨论,提出了解决方法。     

关于通风消声器评价指标的讨论

介绍了通风消声器的评价指标,对检测数据和检测方法进行了分析,讨论了评价插入损失、阻力系数和再生噪声过程中存在的问题,提出了改进建议,以提高各实验室检测数据的实用性和可比性。     

高速公路汽车防碰撞模型仿真研究

随着高速公路的快速建设,交通事故迅猛增长.保证适当的车辆行驶距离是预防高速公路事故的有效手段.论文根据车辆制动规律和运行状态,得出行车安全距离模型,同时对模型中的参数进行了说明和分析.采用MATLAB软件对高速公路车辆的安全距离模型进行仿真分析,得出安全距离随车速和附着系数的变化规律,寻求既保证车辆安全行驶又不影响道路通行能力的合理的安全距离值,为降低高速事故率提供一定的依据.     

室内窗帘竖直火蔓延特性全尺寸实验研究

窗帘的安装方式对其燃烧特性有重要影响.基于9705全尺寸热释放速率实验平台,针对三种不同材质的典型窗帘试样,进行了全尺寸火灾实验.测量了试样在不同褶皱程度下的火蔓延速率、热释放速率、产生烟气的比消光系数等火灾参数,分析比较其相互关系,实验结果可为室内火灾动力学发展的数值模拟和火灾安全设计提供支撑与指导.