Numerical Modeling of Particulate Matter Dispersion from Kerman Cement Plant, Iran

A three dimensional diffusion model has been developed for computing the concentration of PM10 from Kerman Cement Plant, Iran. This model incorporates source-related factors, meteorological factors, surface roughness, and settling particles to estimate pollutant concentration from continuous sources. The study focused on the local environmental impact of Kerman Cement Plant. The performance of the model was found to be in good agreement with measured data; the average absolute percent deviation is 25.53%. In addition, the result of this modeling shows that the PM10 concentration in the ambient air at distances of about 600–1,400 m from the stacks is higher than the WHO guidelines of an annual average of 260 μg/m³.     

ESP粉尘二维输运方程中紊流掺混系数及边界条件的确定

求解电除尘器ESP(Electrostatic Precipitator)电场粉尘输运方程中粉尘浓度分布时,确定紊流掺混系数及边界条件至关重要.根据紊流传质原理,推导出紊流掺混系数; 通过雷诺数将电风影响引入紊流掺混系数,推导出紊流掺混系数随电晕线到极板距离的增大而增大.极板附近存在具有一定厚度的层流边层.分析层流边层中荷电粒子迁移输运行为,得到极板处粉尘浓度变化规律,这可作为求解输运方程时极板处的边界条件.用Matlab程序求解输运方程.经验证,理论计算的数值结果与试验结果一致,这表明本文所推导的紊流掺混系数和边界条件是正确的.本文使ESP收尘过程的理论研究更加深入,对提高ESP的收尘效率也具有重要意义.     

城市发展与水环境污染的研究

本文研究了城市发展与水环境污染的关系。运用灰色关联分析表明,对水污染排放的影响程度大小依次为:人口密度(γ1=0.4456)工业发展(γ3=0.3498)环保投入(γ2=0.2656)。通过弹性系数预测法分析了上海废水排放与人均GDP的发展趋势。     

基于逐月退水系数的三江源枯季径流特征分析

利用1960~2009年三江源区枯季月径流数据,分析了退水过程中月径流和退水系数的变化趋势,并利用逐月退水系数重建了枯季径流过程。结果表明:(1)黄河源区和澜沧江源区枯季月径流呈减少的趋势,长江源区呈微弱的增加趋势,枯季径流受控于夏季径流,二者保持一致的变化趋势;(2)黄河和长江源区逐月退水系数的变化趋势在整个退水期是增加的,意味着地下水退水过程减缓,这可能是长期的气候变暖导致江河源区地下水库容增加的结果,在澜沧江源区退水系数的变化没有明显的趋势;(3)可以利用多年平均退水系数和10月径流来重建冬季(11月到来年2月)月径流量,计算值与实测值误差控制在8%以内,拟合精度较高。该研究对认识气候变化背景下三江源区枯季径流特征和水文预报方面具有一定参考价值。     

旅陕入境旅游流与三大口岸相互关系研究

引入变异系数和相关性分析,结合入境游客的群体特征与时空差异,详细分析了旅陕入境旅游流与三大口岸的空间差异及关联度大小。研究表明,入陕外国人、港澳台游客流和三大口岸入境旅游流在空间分布上存在显著差异,但最终趋于稳定;旅陕不同类别、国别入境旅游者与三大口岸关联度大小迥异。     

简论废气氮氧化物(NO_X)浓度单位PPm与mg/m~3的换算系数关系

空气中污染物浓度的表示方法有两种,体积浓度表示法(ppm)与质量浓度表示法(mg/m3)。氮氧化物不是单一的化合物,存在多种化合物。因此目前对氮氧化物(NOX)单位换算不清,造成浓度结果计算错误。本文对这一问题作一简介。     

近20年陕西省耕地动态变化及驱动因子分析

根据1985—2005年的统计年鉴数据,基于ArcGIS及SPSS软件平台,分析了近20年来陕西省耕地面积的总体变化趋势、空间区域差异变化;利用相关分析与主成分方法分析了驱动因子;运用相关模型,科学预测出2015年、2020年、2025年、2025年耕地的数量,提出了实现陕西省耕地可持续发展的相关对策。结果表明,近20年来,陕西省耕地数量总体上呈下降趋势,其中人口增长、社会经济发展和农业科学技术进步是主要驱动因子。     

Study of sorption kinetics of some ionic liquids on different soil types

In the present contribution sorption kinetics experiments under static conditions were utilized in three selected ionic liquids cations (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorides) study with five type of soil, differing in total organic carbon (TOC) content. The experimental results indicate the sorption capacity growth with increase in TOC content and hydrophobicity of ionic liquid cation. The obtained kinetic sorption parameters as well as distribution coefficients (K_d) were used to estimate the sorption properties of the soil types towards the ionic liquids in question. The Gibbs free energy values indicate that ionic liquid cations sorption on soils could be generally considered as a physical adsorption with exothermic effect. But the values of −dG for studied cations sorption on soil with very high of TOC content in soil (45%) may testify to nature of chemical adsorption. Sorption of the analyzed compounds occurs probably by means of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic and π  π interaction with the organic matter and the clay minerals of the soils.     

Community analysis of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers in start-up of aerobic granular sludge reactor

A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was setup and the aerobic granular sludge was successfully incubated by using anaerobic granular sludge as seed sludge. Nitrogen was partially removed by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) via nitrite with free ammonia (FA) of about 10 mg/L. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used to investigate community structure of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and Nitrospira populations during start-up. The population sizes of bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira were examined using real-time PCR method. The analysis of community structure and Shannon index showed that stable structure of AOB population was obtained at the day 35, while the communities of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and Nitrospira became stable after day 45. At stable stage, the average cell densities were 1.1×1012, 2.2×1010 and 1.0×1010 cells/L for bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira, respectively. The relationship between characteristics of nitrifying bacteria community and nitrogenous substrate utilization constant was discussed by calculating Pearson correlation. Certain correlation seemed to exist between population size, biodiversity, and degradation constant. And the influence of population size might be greater than that of biodiversity.     

基于EEMD-LSTM模型的尾矿库风险预测模型研究

为了提高尾矿库风险预警能力,针对尾矿库稳定性受多种风险因素影响,以及风险变化的非线性,提出1种融合集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和长短期记忆(LSTM)的尾矿库风险预测模型。首先,采用皮尔逊相关系数分析尾矿库风险因素之间的相关性;然后,使用EEMD方法分解非线性的位移序列;最后,构建LSTM网络模型预测位移变化。以某尾矿库为例,将EEMD-LSTM模型与EEMD-BP模型、LSTM模型对比分析,评估模型的有效性。研究结果表明：EEMD-LSTM模型对尾矿库风险的预测精度明显提高,对防范化解尾矿库安全风险具有重要意义。