全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1300篇 |
免费 | 116篇 |
国内免费 | 215篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 190篇 |
废物处理 | 7篇 |
环保管理 | 171篇 |
综合类 | 699篇 |
基础理论 | 230篇 |
污染及防治 | 54篇 |
评价与监测 | 85篇 |
社会与环境 | 131篇 |
灾害及防治 | 64篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 54篇 |
2021年 | 61篇 |
2020年 | 55篇 |
2019年 | 45篇 |
2018年 | 46篇 |
2017年 | 57篇 |
2016年 | 47篇 |
2015年 | 57篇 |
2014年 | 60篇 |
2013年 | 68篇 |
2012年 | 82篇 |
2011年 | 118篇 |
2010年 | 77篇 |
2009年 | 102篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 86篇 |
2006年 | 75篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 43篇 |
2000年 | 38篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 23篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1631条查询结果,搜索用时 562 毫秒
351.
This article presents a novel scheme for the detection and isolation of single leaks in a pipeline with a branch junction by measuring only the flow rate and pressure at the ends of the line. For the solution of this realistic issue, which commonly occurs in pipeline networks, the position of the branch junction and its flow rate are supposed to be known. The idea consists of deriving a model considering the branch junction as a known point in the pipeline such that the leak position is characterized by two possible orientations with respect to the branch (upstream and downstream of it). Thus, this model allows proposing a diagnosis scheme which includes a static selector and two identifiers designed by using a continuous extended Kalman filter with only one deviation parameter to be estimated. This framework reduces the identification task to one parameter which is associated with the deviation from a prescribed positive base position located between one of the pipeline ends and the branch. Simulation and experimental results with data of a hydraulic pilot pipeline of 200 [m] show the promise of the novel scheme. 相似文献
352.
城市夜功能是城市功能的重要组成部分,城市夜功能不同于城市昼功能。在分析了城市夜功能与昼功能差别的基础上,论述了城市夜功能空间优化的范畴和原则,详细阐述了城市夜功能空间"点"空间、"轴"空间、"网络"空间的优化模型和技术路线。最后以开封市为例,根据开封市的实际情况,具体详细地论述了开封市城市夜功能空间点—轴—网络空间的优化过程,为开封市城市夜功能空间优化提供了理论依据。 相似文献
353.
We compare the performance of a number of estimators of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) for the following scenario: imperfect measurements are taken on an initial sample from afinite population and perfect measurements are obtained on a small calibration subset of the initial sample. The estimators we considered include two naive estimators using perfect and imperfect measurements; the ratio, difference and regression estimators for a two-phasesample; a minimum MSE estimator; Stefanski and Bay's SIMEX estimator (1996); and two proposed estimators. The proposed estimators take the form of a weighted average of perfect and imperfect measurements. They are constructed by minimizing variance among the class of weighted averages subject to an unbiasedness constraint. They differ in the manner of estimating the weight parameters. The first one uses direct sample estimates. The second one tunes the unknown parameters to an underlying normal distribution. We compare the root mean square error (RMSE) of the proposed estimator against other potential competitors through computer simulations. Our simulations show that our second estimator has the smallest RMSE among thenine compared and that the reduction in RMSE is substantial when the calibration sample is small and the error is medium or large. 相似文献
354.
J.G. Fortin M.A. Bolinder F. AnctilT. Kätterer O. AndrénL.E. Parent 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(17):3050-3060
The air temperature (Tair), total precipitation (TP) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) are standard input data for soil carbon dynamic models, i.e., for calculating temperature and moisture effects on soil biological activity. The resolution needed depends on objectives, the complexity of models and inbuilt pedotransfer functions. The Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) soil climate front end model calculates a multiplicative soil-temperature (re_temp) and -moisture (re_wat) factor with a daily time-step to estimate soil biological activity, i.e., re_crop = re_temp × re_wat. Our objective was to determine how much re_temp, re_wat and re_crop are affected by low-pass filtering of the climatic input data for a cool, humid temperate region. To achieve this we conducted spectral analysis on Tair, TP, PET and re_crop in the frequency domain. Thereafter we applied Fourier low-pass filters of 5, 15, 30, 60 and 180 days on Tair, TP, PET and tracked their effects through the soil climate model's state variables and outputs. This was done using a sandy and a heavy clay soil and an 89-year daily time-series from a meteorological station in Quebec (Canada). The Fourier spectra showed that the variance for Tair, PET and re_crop was dominated by an annual cycle, as could be expected. There was no yearly cycle for TP. The variation in re_temp explained most of the variance in re_crop. The soil climate module outputs were not sensitive to low-pass filtering of PET. A daily time-step was needed to avoid overestimating re_crop for the sandy soil. Using a weekly time-step for TP and Tair allowed us to explain about 80% of the variance in re_crop for the heavy clay soil. This study also indicates that the standard leaf (and green) area index functions for calculating transpiration should receive more attention, since they have significant effects on the state and output variables. 相似文献
355.
为得出圆形巷道围岩弹性应力分布特征,采用复变函数对圆形巷道围岩弹性应力进行解析,得到了与应力函数解法相同的应力场解析表达式,证明了复变函数解法求解巷道围岩应力场的可行性.对圆形巷道边界应力分布规律及沿水平线的应力分布规律进行了分析,结果表明:1)圆形巷道边界的径向应力和剪应力等于0,环向应力集中系数随侧压系数和位置角度变化而变化,与巷道半径无关;2)沿水平线的圆形巷道围岩剪应力等于0,径向应力和环向应力集中系数随侧压力系数和巷道半径变化而变化;3)沿水平线方向,侧压系数对巷道围岩径向应力的影响大于环向应力影响.还分析了侧压系数对巷道围岩应力的影响规律,讨论了侧压系数等于0、大于0小于1、等于1和大于1等4种情况下的巷道边界环向应力分布情况,得出了巷道边界环向应力的拉压区域及环向应力集中系数最大位置. 相似文献
356.
357.
介绍了实现富营养化评价的EXCEL自定义函数的代码编写、模块保存与导入、函数使用等。以富营养化评价的实例,说明使用自定义函数求解含多参数的复杂计算是很方便的。 相似文献
358.
359.
介绍了在EXCEL环境下常用的评价地表水环境质量的方法,通过比较,“带引用参数的Ex-cel自定义函数”集合了多个功能基本相同的自定义函数于一身,不仅能够实现复杂的数据处理与分析,还能象EXCEL的内置函数一样使用方便,能进一步提高工作效率。 相似文献
360.
Greater emphasis is being placed on indicators of agri-environmental efficiency of organic production systems. Linking environmental measures with profitability measures based on net income is the only way to develop such indicators. A stochastic production frontier model that explicitly incorporates farm decisions about acquiring and managing organic soil-improving inputs is used to measure efficiency. The results confirm that on-farm self-sufficiency in soil-improving inputs is positively related to farm-level efficiency. 相似文献