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151.
152.
规划环境影响评价探讨 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
以《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》为依据 ,对实施规划环境影响评价的意义进行了分析 ,并提出了规划环境影响评价应遵循的原则、方法和基本程序 相似文献
153.
154.
介绍了EXCEL2000运用规划求解解决环境保护中出现的多约束条件、多变量问题的方法。 相似文献
155.
Residential mobility and personal well-being 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This research examines the relationship between personal mobility rate (number of lifetime moves/respondent's age) and health status. A contextual analysis is proposed in which the health consequences of relocation depend not only on the immediate circumstances surrounding a move, but also on the broader context of the individual's residential history, current life situation, and aspirations for the future. Two hundred and forty-two adult employees completed an initial survey of lifetime residential history, current residential desirability, employment experience, and perceived housing options for the future. Three months later, a panel group of 121 respondents completed a follow-up survey of emotional and physical well-being. Frequent relocation was directly associated with a greater number of illness-related symptoms, but the impact of mobility rate was largely mediated by psychological factors. Health problems were more prevalent among high-mobility individuals characterized by low rather than high levels of environmental exploratory tendency; among low-mobility persons reporting low versus high levels of residential choice and congruence; and among low residential-quality individuals who perceived future residential options to be unavailable rather than available. 相似文献
156.
Nicholas P. Lovrich John C. Pierce Taketsugu Tsurutani Takematsu Abe 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1986,22(2):229-236
ABSTRACT: This study examines the extent to which knowledge deficits pose a significant barrier to public support for nonpoint pollution management strategies. Such barriers would obtain if all of the following conditions are present: (1) many in the public lack knowledge relevant to those strategies; (2) variations in knowledge are linked only to relatively unchanging personal attributes; and (3) individuals with more knowledge are more likely to support the implementation of management strategies. Each of these conditions is subjected to empirical analysis in this study. The findings reported here derive from a survey of citizens in Spokane, Washington, the site of a major 208 Water Quality Management Program study. The results of the survey indicate that: portions of the public have enough knowledge to evaluate technically based management strategies; sources of public knowledge are sufficiently elastic that both policy area concern and policy relevant knowledge can be elevated in the short run; and both knowledge levels and general attitudes are related to the public's specific water policy preferences. The study concludes that the apparent lack of knowledge among the public is not necessarily a significant barrier to policy implementation, and that support for implementation may be generated through both knowledge enhancement and the tapping of existing political orientations through the placement of emphasis upon the seriousness of water resource problems. 相似文献
157.
Bradley M. Crowder C. Edwin. Young 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(5):897-902
ABSTRACT: This paper is a computer simulation analysis of an agricultural nonpoint pollution problem. Computer modeling is a universally applicable tool that can be used for establishing the linkages between and the quality of agricultural runoff in both surface and subsurface flow. The tradeoffs between the costs of soil conservation practices and water quality are reported, and the economic implications of such tradeoffs are discussed. Soil and nutrient losses resulting from crop production practices are analyzed using a field-scale computer simulation model (CREAMS). No-till planting, reduced tillage, and sod waterway systems are more cost effective than other practices for controlling soil and nutrient runoff losses. Nitrate leaching losses are increased slightly by most soil conservation practices. Terrace systems and permanent vegetative cover impose the greatest societal cost for water quality protection. Public cost sharing and tax incentives encourage farmers to adopt expensive structural practices, and policies are needed to get cost-effective practices implemented on critical acreage. Extensive treatment of land is necessary for agricultural best management practices (BMPs) to significantly improve water quality in areas that are intensively farmed. 相似文献
158.
John R. Henry 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1981,17(3):438-442
The Agricultural Conservation Program (ACP), is undergoing a new, rigorous evaluation to determine its effectiveness in conserving the Nation's agricultural soils and waters. ACP deals with many types of conservation practices, but the focus here is on the evaluation of soil and water related practices. ACP has depended heavily on the State and private forestry services, Soil Conservation Service, and the Cooperative Extension Services, for technical expertise. Thus, the process is an evaluation of the effectiveness of a “team of agencies,” as well as of the program itself. Results of the evaluation have helped to develop new thrusts which have moved ACP further into the position of treating the total conservation problem. Phase I has its limitations. It did not address the impact of wind erosion, water quality, change in productive capacity, soil quality, wildlife habitat, off site and farm income impacts. It does show that ACP has and is doing a very good job in meeting its stated purposes. It is clear that ACP's effectiveness can be improved with more and better advanced planning and more intensive use of soil maps, the USLE, and other scientific tools. ACP is headed in this direction. 相似文献
159.
郝英群 《环境监测管理与技术》2003,15(3):36-38
环境监测科研是环境监测的一项基础性工作,是环境监测事业发展的重要保障。加强环境监测科研工作,需要不断探索适合于时代发展和环境监测以及环境管理工作实际情况的环境监测科研管理模式。对环境监测科研管理的内涵和特点进行了分析;对环境监测科研管理部门的定位、环境监测科研管理的科研计划管理、环境监测科研管理中的科研队伍建设等进行了探讨。 相似文献
160.
Shaibal Mukerjee 《Environmental management》2002,29(1):34-56
From 1996 to 1997, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC)
conducted an air quality study known as the Lower Rio Grande Valley Transboundary Air Pollution Project (TAPP). The study
was a US–Mexico Border XXI program project and was developed in response to local community requests on a need for more air
quality measurements and concerns about the health impact of local air pollutants; this included concerns about emissions
from border-dependent industries in Mexico, known as maquiladoras. The TAPP was a follow-up study to environmental monitoring
done by EPA in this area in 1993 and incorporated scientific and community participation in development, review of results,
and public presentation of findings. In spite of this, critical remarks were leveled by community activists against the study's
preliminary “good news” findings regarding local air quality and the influence of transboundary air pollution. To resolve
these criticisms and to refine the findings to address these concerns, analyses included comparisons of daily and near real-time
measurements to TNRCC effects screening levels and data from other studies along with wind sector analyses. Reassessment of
the data suggested that although regional source emissions occurred and outliers of elevated pollutant levels were found,
movement of air pollution across the border did not appear to cause noticeable deterioration of air quality. In spite of limitations
stated to the community, the TAPP was presented as establishing a benchmark to assess current and future transboundary air
quality in the Valley. The study has application in Border XXI Program or other air quality studies where transboundary transport
is a concern since it involved interagency coordination, public involvement, and communication of scientifically sound results
for local environmental protection efforts. 相似文献