埋地管道震害的多因素灰色关联分析

根据多次历史地震埋地管道震害调查资料的统计和定性分析，应用灰色系统理论，以管道震害率作为参考数列，以地震烈度、场地类型、管道材料、接口构造和管径尺寸作为比较数列，对埋地管道震害率进行了多因素灰色关联分析，排出了关联序．研究结果客观地揭示出震害率与各影响因素之间的相互关系，为进一步研究理地管道的震害预测方法提供了科学依据．     

Enhanced seismic performance of non-standard bolted flange joints for petrochemical piping systems

This paper presents an experimental test campaign carried out on a number of seismically enhanced Bolted Flange Joints. In particular, two non-standard Bolted Flange Joints, comparatively thinner than standard ones, were designed and their performance was evaluated through several monotonic and cyclic tests. Experimental results exhibited a favourable performance of the examined joints under bending and axial loading and moderate internal pressure; a good capacity in terms of strength, ductility, energy dissipation and leakage was observed. A comparison between experimental results and Code-based design loads proved the usability of the proposed joints during and after Operating Basis Earthquake ground motions. Finally, a comparison between capacity and seismic demands of these joints adopted in a piping system of a realistic Case Study suggested their suitability for seismic applications as well as some building code deficiency with respect to response modification factors.     

青少年学生旅游感知及行为研究评价

在问卷调查的基础上,以中学生为例,从旅游兴趣、出游机会、旅游形式、旅游时间、旅游次数等20个项目对中学生群体的旅游感知和行为进行分析。结果表明,中学生群体旅游需求较强,但不同的学龄段存在差异,与大学生和大众旅游者存在差异等,并对旅游企业开拓中学生旅游市场提出建议。     

Tour Level Mode Choice Analysis of Madison Area in Wisconsin

Abstract

This study is to investigate what factors and how they affect tours (trip chains) behavior. The key issue is the understanding and definition of tour and tour level mode. Also, these definitions should fit for the data. A semi-home based tour definition is stated, and a competing mode based tour mode is defined. Based on the definition, this study used Madison Area Data from National Household Survey to estimate a MNL structured model. It is found that travel distance could be a positive factor for car mode. Meanwhile, the number of trips is also a positive factor for choosing car.