全文获取类型
收费全文 | 123篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 8篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 14篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
基础理论 | 8篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 6篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
灾害及防治 | 86篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 10篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有141条查询结果,搜索用时 505 毫秒
121.
Kabul and Monrovia, the respective capitals of Afghanistan and Liberia, have recently emerged from long-lasting armed conflicts. In both cities, a large number of organisations took part in emergency water supply provision and later in the rehabilitation of water systems. Based on field research, this paper establishes a parallel between the operations carried out in the two settings, highlighting similarities and analysing the two most common strategies. The first strategy involves international financial institutions, which fund large-scale projects focusing on infrastructural rehabilitation and on the institutional development of the water utility, sometimes envisaging private-sector participation. The second strategy involves humanitarian agencies, which run community-based projects, in most cases independently of the water utilities, and targeting low-income areas. Neither of these approaches manages to combine sustainability and universal service. The paper assesses their respective strengths and weaknesses and suggests ways of improving the quality of assistance provided. 相似文献
122.
Culture,local capacity,and outside aid: a community perspective on disaster response after the 2009 tsunami in American Sāmoa 下载免费PDF全文
Research on diverse cultural contexts has indicated that aid organisations often fail to leverage local, culturally‐grounded resources and capacities in disaster‐affected communities. Case‐study methodology was employed to explore the relationship between local and external disaster response efforts in American Sāmoa following the earthquake and tsunami on 29 September 2009 in the southern Pacific Ocean, with a specific focus on the role of culture in defining that relationship. Interview and focus group data from 37 participants, along with observational data, suggested that the local response to the event was swift and grounded in Samoan cultural systems and norms. External aid was viewed as helpful in some respects, although, on the whole, it was seen as a disruption to village hierarchies, social networks, and local response efforts. The study discusses the implications for the role of outside aid in diverse cultural contexts, and makes suggestions for improving the ecological fit of post‐disaster interventions. 相似文献
123.
124.
At the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit, donors pledged to ‘jointly mobilize’ $100 billion/year for climate finance by 2020. The Copenhagen Accord and other agreements do not specify who should provide how much of this collective target beyond the general principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR&RC), according to which the more responsible a country is for climate change and/or the more capable of paying, the more climate finance it should provide. Two additional burden-sharing mechanisms may explain how much climate finance donors provide: willingness to pay or ‘greenness’ and self-interest. These mechanisms are tested to determine which best explains current patterns in climate finance commitments by analysing bilateral climate aid. There is evidence for capability—richer countries provide more climate aid. In contrast, responsibility, greenness or self-interest do not induce more climate aid commitments. Better understanding the drivers of climate aid helps to mobilize more climate finance, and advances understanding of (sectoral) aid allocation. 相似文献
125.
This paper investigates the confluence of humanitarian aid, centralisation, and politics. The 7.0 magnitude earthquake in Haiti on 12 January 2010 led to more than USD 16 billion in pledges. By contrast, Hurricane Matthew, which made landfall in Haiti on 4 October 2016, stayed in the shadows, attracting about one per cent of the amount. While the earthquake exhibited one face of centralisation, the Category 4 storm laid bare rural vulnerabilities shaped by postcolonial state neglect, and reinforced by the influx of non-governmental organisations in the ‘Republic of Port-au-Prince’. The study draws on data from four case studies in two departments to illuminate the legacies of hyper-centralisation in Haiti. Compounding matters, Matthew struck in the middle of an extended election that the international community attempted to control again. The paper argues that disaster assistance and politics are uncomfortably close, while reflecting on the momentary decentralisation of aid after the hurricane and its effectiveness. 相似文献
126.
Building on empirical material gathered in Haiti, this paper advances a new and innovative understanding of the internal brain drain phenomenon—the poaching of local skilled workers by international organisations (IOs) or international non-governmental organisations (INGOs)— by conceptualising it as an equilibrium. This equilibrium is composed of two sets of tensions: (i) those between the salary conditions in the public sector and those on offer to local personnel working for IOs and INGOs; and (ii) those inherent in the dual salary scale used by IOs and INGOs for local and international staff. These two sets of tensions contribute in their specific ways to international migration, and, as such, the internal brain drain has a bearing on external brain drain dynamics. In addition, the paper addresses the difficult policy choices facing development and humanitarian organisations, since every set of policies that impacts on one side of the equilibrium is bound to affect its other side. 相似文献
127.
Bollettino V 《Disasters》2008,32(2):263-279
Humanitarian organisations operate in increasingly hostile environments. Although authoritative statistics are scarce, anecdotal evidence suggests that aid workers face life-threatening risks that are exacerbated by the growing number of humanitarian organisations operating in the field, the diversity of their mandates, the lack of common professional security standards, and limited success in inter-agency security coordination. Despite broad acceptance of the need for better security management and coordination, many humanitarian organisations remain ambivalent about devoting increased resources to security management and security coordination. A critical lack of basic empirical knowledge of the field security environment hampers efforts to enhance security management practices. The absence of a systematic means of sharing incident data undermines the capacity of the humanitarian community to address proactively security threats. In discussions about humanitarian staff safety and security, the least common denominator remains cumulative anecdotal evidence provided by the many security personnel working for humanitarian organisations in the feld. 相似文献
128.
129.
This paper explores the conceptualisation and application of 'protection' by the United Nations High Commissioner (UNHCR), Ugandan government, and Congolese refugees in Kyaka II refugee settlement, Uganda. Analysing the origins and consequences of a demonstration against school fees, and drawing on other ethnographic data, it explores how different interpretations of this incident reflect different conceptions of, and approaches to, protection. Ugandan government officials viewed the demonstration as a security incident; Congolese and Ugandan adults responded with increased monitoring and 'sheltering' of children and young people; students justified the demonstration as a legitimate manifestation of their rights; while UNHCR promoted assistance and resettlement. The paper argues that prevailing protection responses, including 'sensitisation', sheltering, and resettlement, are de-contextualised from daily realities and fail to address the underlying power relations that undermine protection. It concludes with recommendations on how international refugee agencies can reorient assistance to address protection concerns in refugee contexts. 相似文献
130.
简要分析了转移、安置在应急管理与救灾实践中的重要意义。在分析转移、安置要素的基础上,结合灾害脆弱性分析提出了转移、安置规模和程度模型,讨论了人为决策影响因素对模型的影响,较好地体现了自然因素和人为因素的综合作用。根据对转移、安置的发生进程的分析,提出了转移、安置分级的概念并进行了简单的分级,阐述了转移、安置中的资源需求。在这些工作的基础上,进一步分析了我国当前转移、安置财政补助机制的优缺点,提出了基于上述模型和分级标准的改进建议。 相似文献