Kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of free cyanide by stopped-flow reversed flow injection analysis

A stopped-flow reversed flow injection method for the determination of free cyanide is proposed. Pyridine-barbituric acid mixture is injected in the flow system as reagent to form the colour species with cyanide. The flow is stopped when the reagent zone comes in the flow cell, where absorbance-time data are collected at 580nm wavelength. The linear range of the determination is 0.1 -10μg/ml CN-. The sampling rate is 60h-1 and the relative standard deviation is 1.6% (n=16) at 5.0 μg/ml CN-1 level. With satisfactory results, the proposed method was applied to the determination of free cyanide in wastewater without sample pretreatment.     

杭州市环境保护投资效益分析

用于环境保护的投资,是防治环境污染,保护和改善生态环境的重要条件。本文从环境保护投资比例、资金流向、治理效果、环境质量改善、环境污染损失,以及城市居民健康变化、环境舒适性和审美学等方面,对杭州市近十年环境保护投资的效益进行了分析。     

水厂排泥水的处理技术：分离水回用 泥饼综合利用及铝盐回收

介绍了水厂排泥水处理后,分离水的水质和回用、泥饼制砖和污泥用作水泥掺合料的方法和试验结果,以及铝盐回收的工艺。     

化学法处理含酚废水的组合工艺系统和条件研究

采用化学法组合的三种工艺系统,对含酚废水进行了工艺条件的研究。结果表明,对于浓度<30mg/l含酚废水,采用氧化凝聚处理是有效的;而对于30～80mg/l含酚废水,选用氧化凝聚和吸附组合的工艺系统处理,能使排放水中酚和COD达标。     

土地资源人口承载量的预测及其在人地关系研究中的意义——以江苏省滨海、苏州为例

几百年的人地关系研究历史证明,许多思想家和地理学家往往都以粮食这一特殊物质入手,并以粮食为诊断因素来反映人与自然之间错综复杂的联系。80年代中期兴起的土地资源人口承载量的研究,乃是这一传统研究思路的延续。因而,在我国深入开展这一项研究的过程中,有必要在吸收国外研究方法和经验的同时,注意总结历史的教训。①土地资源人口承载量的研究,其目的并不在于获取土地资源到底能养活多少人这一精确的人口数据,而在于揭示人口、粮食、土地三者之间的复杂关系及其地域差异。②土地资源的生产潜力是土地的自然属性与人类管理水平的综合反映,人类对土地的反作用以及科学技术的影响是使土地资源人口承载量发生阶段性跃迁的主要因素,在进行长周期预测时应予以足够的重视。③在引进国外方法和模式时,应根据不同的研究精度、不同的研究目的、不同的区域性质以及研究条件等加以科学订正。作者从人地关系研究出发,以滨海县和苏州市2个不同类型地区为实例,采用机助多要素图叠置分析的方法,进行了土地资源人口承载量的预测和分析。     

Prenatal diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency by rflp analysis of the 21-hydroxylase,complement C4, and HLA class II genes

In 19 pregnancies at risk for 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) in 18 families with at lea one affected child, prenatal diagnosis was performed by RFLP analysis using the enzymi Taq I and EcoRI and the DNA probes specific for the 21 OH genes, the closely linke complement C4 genes and the highly polymorphic HLA class II genes DRB, DQB, and DPI For fetal DNA analysis either chorionic villi or cultivated amniotic cells were used. In all 1 cases, a clear prenatal diagnosis was possible either with the 21OH probe alone or in mo cases, by combining the results of the different closely linked loci.     

Dystrophin protein and rflp analyis for fetal diagnosis and carrier confirmation of duchenne muscular dystrophy

A pregnant woman with indeterminate Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carrier status, but with DMD diagnosed in her deceased brother (unavailable for study), presented for prenatal diagnosis, intending to continue the pregnancy only if proven unaffected with DMD with near absolute certainty. Creatine kinase (CK) assays to clarify carrier status were inconclusive. Male sex in the fetus was identified, but DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was not yet available to this centre to investigate the possible transmission of the DMD gene, and the pregnancy was terminated. Tissue histology and dystrophin protein analysis demonstrated the absence of DMD. In a situation with proven maternal carrier status, future fetal inheritance of the opposite maternal X chromosome would indicate the presence of DMD. However, maternal carrier status remained in doubt through a second pregnancy, even with RFLP studies, and was finally established when dystrophin analysis confirmed the presence of DMD in the second fetus. Histologic findings are presented, contrasting features in the two fetuses. The value of dystrophin analysis for establishing the diagnosis of fetal DMD, in this case proving maternal carrier status in a difficult situation, and for demonstrating DMD gene:RFLP haplotype relationships is illustrated.     

锅炉除尘脱硫及其废水回用系统的经济损益分析

以燃煤锅炉掺烧固硫除尘脱硫及其废水回用系统为研究对象，利用环境系统费用效益分析方法，分析了该系统的环保投入和取得的环境效益。结果表明：对燃烧高硫煤的８０ｔ／ｈ规模的锅炉房，环保费用的现值为３１２６万元，环保效益的现值为９７２９万元，费用与效益之比为１∶３１１。结果说明锅炉掺烧固硫除尘脱硫及其废水循环技术具有很好的经济效益。该分析方法和结果为燃煤锅炉除尘脱硫工艺方案的选择和系统的优化研究提供了基础。     

序列间歇式好氧活性污泥法处理生物制药废水研究

本研究采用好氧ＳＢＲ法处理生物制药废水。试验结果表明，废水中不需另加氮磷营养物质，当进水ＣＯＤＣｒ为９１１～３２８０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，在曝气１６ｈ条件下，出水ＣＯＤＣｒ在３５０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下，ＢＯＤ５在８０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下，ＳＳ在１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下，皆达到生物制药工业废水二级排放标准。本文还对好氧ＳＢＲ法的有机物降解动力学过程进行了研究。     

利用pH值梯度研究建筑砂浆的酸蚀程度

在两种不同ｐＨ值模拟酸雨和３种浸泡时间条件下，据ｐＨ值梯度测定了各类保护剂处理建筑砂浆试件的酸化层厚度，从而判定保护剂的保护效果，了解酸蚀程度。并分析了影响酸化层厚度的因素。