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151.
152.
研究了增强UV-B辐射对大田生长的两种番茄(早熟型“同辉”和晚熟型“霞光”)某些繁殖特性(最大开花数、花粉萌发和花粉管伸长、果实产量、果实品质以及子代种子的数量和质量)的影响.结果表明,与对照相比,“同辉”开花数在高辐射下增加,“霞光”开花数在低辐射下减少;“同辉”果实产量在两种辐射下都明显增加,而“霞光”果实产量只在低辐射下增加;辐射抑制了“同辉”的花粉萌发和花粉管伸长,而只是降低了“霞光”的花粉萌发率;强辐射造成两种番茄果实番茄红素下降。经过一季的增强UV-B辐射处理,“同辉”种子数量增加,低辐射下种子明显变小;“霞光”种子数量减少,且明显变小.就开花数、果实产量和种子质量而言,早熟的“同辉”品种更具抗性,而晚熟的“霞光”更敏感.图3表1参29 相似文献
153.
Roads and Landscape Pattern in Northern Wisconsin Based on a Comparison of Four Road Data Sources 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Abstract: Roads are important components of landscapes; they fragment habitat, facilitate invasive species spread, alter hydrology, and influence patterns of land use. Previous research on the ecological impacts of roads may have underestimated their effect because currently available sources of road data do not include the full road network. We compared differences in road density and landscape pattern among U.S. Census Bureau TIGER line files, U.S. Geological Survey 1:100,000-scale digital line graphs, and U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000-scale digital raster graphics in northern Wisconsin to road data derived from 1:40,000-scale digital orthophotos. Road density measured from digital orthophotos (2.82 km/km2 ) was significantly greater than that of digital raster graphics (1.62 km/km2 ) and more than double that of digital line graphs (1.21 km/km2 ) and TIGER (1.27 km/km2 ) data. The increased road densities in raster graphics and orthophoto data were mainly due to the addition of minor roads. When all roads were used to define patch boundaries, landscape metrics produced with orthophoto data showed significantly greater levels of fragmentation than those based on line or raster graphics. For example, maximum patch size was 1074 ha and total edge was 109 km for line graphs, compared with 686 ha and 211 km for orthophoto data. Roads are missing in commonly used data, primarily because mapping standards systematically exclude minor roads. These standards are not ecologically based and may result in false assumptions about the ecological effects of roads. We recommend that future studies take special consideration of the completeness of road data and consider whether all ecologically relevant roads are included. 相似文献
154.
依据城市机动车空气污染评价方法确立了天津市空气污染物机动车污染的评价体系。该评价体系具有准确性、先进性和实用性,采用科学的方法估算天津市城区机动车排气污染物的排放浓度及总量对环境空气污染的分担率。科学地给出了天津市现阶段机动车污染的现状及发展趋势,为环境保护决策提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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156.
Russell?Alpizar-JaraEmail author Kenneth?H.?Pollock Dawn?E.?Haines 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2005,12(2):155-168
The combined mark-recapture and line transect sampling methodology proposed by Alpizar-Jara and Pollock [Journal of Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 3(4), 311–327, 1996; In Marine Mammal Survey and Assessment Methods Symposium. G.W. Garner, S.C. Amstrup, J.L. Laake, B.F.J. Manly, L.L. McDonald, and D.C. Robertson (Eds.), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 99–114, 1999] is used to illustrate the estimation of population size for populations with prominent nesting structures (i.e., bald eagle nests). In the context of a bald eagle population, the number of nests in a list frame corresponds to a pre-marked sample of nests, and an area frame corresponds to a set of transect strips that could be regularly monitored. Unlike previous methods based on dual frame methodology using the screening estimator [Haines and Pollock (Journal of Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 5, 245–256, 1998a; Survey Methodology, 24(1), 79–88, 1998b)], we no longer need to assume that the area frame is complete (i.e., all the nests in the sampled sites do not need to be seen). One may use line transect sampling to estimate the probability of detection in a sampled area. Combining information from list and area frames provides more efficient estimators than those obtained by using data from only one frame. We derive an estimator for detection probability and generalize the screening estimator. A simulation study is carried out to compare the performance of the Chapman modification of the Lincoln–Petersen estimator to the screening estimator. Simulation results show that although the Chapman estimator is generally less precise than the screening estimator, the latter can be severely biased in presence of uncertain detection. The screening estimator outperforms the Chapman estimator in terms of mean squared error when detection probability is near 1 wheareas the Chapman estimator outperforms the screening estimator when detection probability is lower than a certain threshold value depending on particular scenarios. 相似文献
157.
海南三亚近岸海域水化学要素的分布特征和变化规律 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文调查研究了海南三亚近岸海域水化学要素的浓度和分布,结果表明:(1)表层DO、NO-2、NO-3、NH+4、PO3-4和COD的平均浓度分别为411.9、0.05、0.47、1.79、0.16μmol/dm3和1.31mg/L。(2)河流输入对沿岸海域水化学要素的影响主要集中于NH+4和COD,对PO3-4和NO-3的浓度影响不明显,海域总体为一贫营养盐区域。采用主成分分析表明控制水化学要素的主要因子是河流的输入和由此导致了的生物旺发。 相似文献
158.
介绍了舰艇常用材料在海水环境动态高流速条件下自然电位、自然腐蚀率、电偶腐蚀等多方面的腐蚀实验方法及实验结果,得出了舰艇常用系列材料在动态海水中的腐蚀基本数据以及变化规律,为在舰船设计中材料的选择及腐蚀防护方案的制定提供参考。 相似文献
159.
160.
2005年通过对骆马湖水质监测,并结合近几年的监测资料进行了分析,结果表明,氮是骆马湖水体的主要污染物,包括总氮、氨氮和硝酸盐氮,其主要特征是入湖河流、降水、围网养殖和点源带来的污染。 相似文献