Numerical investigation into dynamic responses of RC columns subjected for fire and blast

Structures may be exposed to fire and blast due to accidents (i.e. explosion of flammable gas in industrial structures) or terrorist attacks during the service life. Performances of RC structures subjected to extreme conditions of fire and blast, thus, have drawn much attention from academia. In this paper, the coupling effect of high temperature and high strain rate in concrete was firstly studied based on the experimental data to improve the damage plasticity concrete model in ABAQUS. Secondly, the transient heat transfer effects in different fire scenarios and following fire resistances of RC columns with constant axial forces were numerically investigated on the basis of the improved concrete model, which are validated by the corresponding test data, and the residual axial loading capacity of RC columns was quantitatively calculated. By incorporating the different merits of implicit algorithm applied to heat transfer analyses and explicit algorithm usually used in blast analyses, a numerical approach to analyze the responses of RC columns subjected to the coupling loadings of fire and blast was finally developed. Mid-span displacements and damage of the RC columns subjected to fire and explosions were quantitatively calculated and discussed. The proposed approach was demonstrated to be effective in predicting the responses of RC structures subjected to coupling loadings of fire and blast.     

卫星观测资料改进活性VOCs源排放及其对臭氧模拟影响

本文以INTEX-B(Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B)人为源、FINNv1(Fire Inventory from NCAR version 1)生物质燃烧源、MEGAN(Model of Emissions of Gases and Aer...     

生物滴滤池法处理有机废气甲苯工艺填料的选择

生物滴滤池法处理挥发性有机污染物的研究是世界工业废气净化的前沿热点之一，本研究比较了阶梯环，聚乙烯小球，煤炭渣和某种活性炭附着纤维作为滴滤池中生物附着载体性能的优劣，结果表明，活性炭附着纤维填料系统具有较好的有机污染物去除能力。     

水果蔬菜中有机磷农药残留量的气相色谱测定方法研究

建立了水果、蔬菜食品中有机磷农药的提取、净化及其毛细管柱气相色谱测定法.用水和丙酮溶剂提取,填有无水Na2SO4和Al2O3的层析柱净化,浓缩后采用火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测到样品中甲胺磷、对硫磷、马拉硫磷、甲基对硫磷的添加回收率分别为81%～90%,82%～90%,84%～102%,80%～90%,变异系数均小于8.0%.实验表明,该方法在一定条件下具有灵敏度高,净化效果好,适用性广等特点,可以作为一种常规测定方法.     

火灾下钢管混凝土柱的耐火极限有限元分析

为研究将轻骨料混凝土作为防火保护层对钢管混凝土柱耐火极限的影响以及保护层厚度实用计算方法,采用有限元方法确定高温下钢管混凝土柱的温度场,通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立钢管混凝土柱的耐火极限模型,分析各参数对构件耐火极限的影响程度,基于数值模拟计算结果,给出在火灾下钢管混凝土柱在工程常用范围内的抗火实用计算公式,将计算结...     

高效液相色谱多阀多柱技术同时分析水溶性和脂溶性维生素

采用双三元高效液相色谱多阀多柱技术,对同一样品中水溶性维生素和脂溶性维生素不同方法处理得到的样品进行双进样,可同时分析样品中21种维生素.该方法自动化程度高,各组分保留时间的RSD值均小于0.1%,色谱峰面积的RSD值均小于4.5%(VC除外),各维生素的方法检出限可达0.002—0.223μg.mL-1范围,本方法可用于多种样品的维生素检测和分析工作.     

澳门水域水体有机氯农药的垂线分布特征

对澳门水域水柱不同水深水体进行垂线采样,根据水样颗粒相和溶解相有机氯农药(OCPs)的定量分析结果,探讨水体中OCPs的垂线分布特征.结果表明,OCPs总量变化范围为25 1～67 5ng·L-1,六六六总量为8 7～27ng·L-1;DDTs总量是8 7～29 8ng·L-1;DDT (DDE DDD)垂线分布表明,水柱上层样品的DDT (DDE DDD)>1,说明目前可能仍有新使用的DDT农药进入该水域;据OCPs在颗粒相和溶解相中的分配及其垂线分布表明,水体中悬浮颗粒物主要以沉降和水平迁移输运为主;聚类分析结果亦表明,中层、上层水样的关联程度相对较高,与底部界面水的相关性较低,揭示OCPs在表层沉积物与水体间的垂向交换、迁移较弱,水环境受表层沉积物再次释放OCPs的影响较小.     

Chloride and atrazine transport through saturated soil columns

A possible contamination of water resources by the application of pesticides is a problem confronting many irrigated areas in arid and semi-arid areas. The best management practices have to be adopted to minimize pesticide transport and leaching under irrigated conditions. Atrazine dissipation in loam and sandy loam soils has been tested in the laboratory using disturbed soil columns under saturated flooding conditions. All the experiments were performed in replicates. The chloride transport was also studied to test its behavior as an inert tracer in both the soils. Atrazine and chloride breakthrough curves were analyzed with the parameter optimization program CXTFIT to determine transport parameters including pore-water velocity (v), retardation coefficient (R), hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (D), and pulse duration (t _o ). The pore-water velocity and pulse duration of the solute were estimated from the experimental conditions and kept constant during the optimization procedure. The results indicated that the R of chloride was not significantly different from 1, indicating that chloride is an inert tracer for the types of soil tested in this study. The average R of atrazine was 4.56 and 3.15 for sandy loam and loam soils, respectively. Results also showed that the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient was much higher in the case of sandy loam soil compared to the loam soil for the two solutes, thus indicating non-equilibrium transport conditions. In the case of chloride, D increased from 0.4 for the loam soil to 16.2?cm²/min for the sandy loam soil. Similar results were observed in the case of atrazine in which D for the sandy loam soil was 60% higher than that for the loam soil. More atrazine leaching is expected under field conditions due to the presence of soil cracks and macropores.     

外源盐对盐碱土壤无机碳淋溶特征的影响

为探究干旱盐碱区高风化土壤-地下水无机碳的固存机制,利用室内土柱淋溶模拟实验结合相关与回归分析,设置5个土壤电导率(EC =0.899、10、20、40、80 mS·cm-1)处理,依次编号为S0、S1、S2、S3、S4,每个处理重复2次,共计10个土柱(内径7.5 cm,高120 cm),研究无机碳在不同盐碱程度土壤...