Growth inhibition and oxidative damage of Microcystis aeruginosa induced by crude extract of Sagittaria trifolia tubers

Aquatic macrophytes are considered to be promising in controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms. In this research, an aqueous extract of Sagittaria trifolia tubers was prepared to study its inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa in the laboratory. Several physiological indices of M. aeruginosa, in response to the environmental stress, were analyzed. Results showed that S. trifolia tuber aqueous extract significantly inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa in a concentration-dependent way. The highest inhibition rate reached 90% after 6 day treatment. The Chlorophyll-a concentration of M. aeruginosa cells decreased from 343.1 to314.2 μg/L in the treatment group. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase and the content of reduced glutathione in M. aeruginosa cells initially increased as a response to the oxidative stress posed by S. trifolia tuber aqueous extract, but then decreased as time prolonged. The lipid peroxidation damage of the cyanobacterial cell membranes was reflected by the malondialdehyde level, which was notably higher in the treatment group compared with the controls. It was concluded that the oxidative damage of M. aeruginosa induced by S.trifolia tuber aqueous extract might be one of the mechanisms for the inhibitory effects.     

S型皮托管截面受损与皮托管系数变化的实验研究

污染源排放废气流速通常在7～15m／s之间。通过S型皮托管在低速风洞中与标准皮托管的对比实验说明,在10m／s,15m／s两种情况下,皮托管迎风面截面变化对皮托管系数却的影响很大,实验结果可供污染源废气监测和皮托管定期检定进行参考。     

多种损伤影响下正交层合板刚度退化研究

通过对纤维增强树脂基复合材料层合板的细观力学分析,建立了基体裂纹和纤维断裂2种损伤共存时正交层合板刚度退化模型.给出了纤维断裂损伤的计算方法,对正交层合板刚度退化过程进行了量化计算.结果表明,所建立的模型采用较少的几个参数即可描述层合板刚度退化过程,并与试验结果吻合较好.     

机场环境下飞机LY12CZ结构腐蚀损伤预测方法研究

依据LY1 2CZ材料的EXCO溶液浸泡加速腐蚀试验数据、飞机LY 12CZ构件在机场环境下的真实腐蚀损伤数据以及腐蚀损伤等效原则和当量关系原理,获得了该材料在2种环境下腐蚀的当量因子均值(α) =0.023 6,构建了LY12CZ材料于EXCO溶液中浸泡腐蚀的神经网络腐蚀深度预测模型.在此基础上提出了利用所建的神经网...     

Monitoring of the Phytosanitary State of Navarra's Forests, Spain

Between 1988 and 1993 six surveys on the condition of forests in Navarra (North Spain) were carried out. The results, relating to 408 trees in 17 sampling points, showed that the overall percentage of damaged trees increased from 2.86% in 1988 to 18.6% in 1993, which indicates a general large-scale deterioration of forest condition. Among the most common groups of trees, the most severely affected species were Quercus faginea, Quercus robur and Pinus sylvestris. Furthermore, it was observed that defoliation and discoloration processes did not occur randomly between stand trees, but the trees that were damaged one year (1992) were more predisposed to suffer damage in the next year (1993).     

大同—阳高地震灾害评估及灾因分析

本文记述了大同—阳高地震震害情况,同时对造成灾害的原因进行了分析,认为此次地震震级不大而损失严重的主要原因除了与地震持点和发震构造有关之外,还与当地民舍抗震性能差、施工质量低有直接关系。     

船舶污染案件中国家损失索赔的法律问题

针对我国船舶污染案件中国家损失索赔出现的一些法律问题进行了较详细讨论。认为属于国家损失赔偿的项目有:污染直接造成的国有自然资源的损害和国家保护环境产生的费用,即采取的合理复原措施的费用以及预防措施的费用;国家损失赔偿请求的权利依据为环境管理权,该环境管理权不仅具有公法性质,也具有民事属性,可以由特定的部门行使;针对目前国家损失由不同部门进行索赔比较混乱的现状,建议我国成立一个综合性的组织或部门代表国家对国家海洋环境损失进行索赔,并明确规定专款专用。     

基于最优传递矩阵的层次分析法在桥梁震害评估中的应用

影响桥梁抗震性能的因素众多,鉴于传统的定量方法无法精确权衡各因素的影响程度,因此,考虑将不确定型层次分析法引入桥梁的震害评估中,对区间标度的合理选择作了简要讨论,运用1～9标度采集数据,兼顾10/10～18/2标度的精确性,对初始判断矩阵进行折算。利用最优传递矩阵的概念,对传统的AHP进行改进,直接求出各指标的权重值。并将此方法应用到实例当中,建立基于地震波、墩台基础、支座、结构因素、环境因素等多因素影响下的桥梁震害评估模型,得到桥梁最终的综合评估值。     

青海玉树7.1级地震震害特点分析及启示

根据2010年4月14日玉树7.1级地震震害现场调查资料,对其震害特点进行了全面的分析总结,阐述了震区环境及其地质构造背景,对断层效应及场地效应等也进行了分析,并归纳总结了防震减灾的经验与启示。     

汶川地震后砌体结构房屋震害调查分析

2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震后,根据四川省什邡市5幢砌体结构房屋震害的现场检测记录,以案例形式比较了房屋不同的结构形式、墙体布局、层间刚度比、构造柱设置、悬挑阳台、变形缝和选址等概念设计因素对结构抗震性能的影响,分析了结构发生各种损坏的原因,并对砌体结构房屋抗震设计提出建议。