焙烧炉除尘系统的噪声治理

对某铝业公司焙烧炉除尘系统风机噪声和排气噪声进行治理,研究了风机噪声和排气噪声产生的原因和特点,提出了噪声控制方案,采用了风机出口管道安装消声器、针对排气噪声扩散在烟囱出口安装排气消声器、对排气烟囱管道支撑设置减振垫等措施,通过治理使该炉环境噪声影响得到有效控制。经环保部门监测,达到国家有关噪声标准要求。     

小江流域生态环境灾害与治理对策

小江流域生态环境长期受到严重破坏,引发并加剧了生态环境灾害,使其成为长江流域环境最恶劣、侵蚀最强烈、灾害最严重、输沙率最大的河流.大量的泥沙输入小江,造成严重的土地沙石化和堵江灾害.同时,小江又将泥沙输移至金沙江,危害和威胁金沙江干流水利水电梯级开发工程建设和运行安全.鉴于泥石流已成为该流域生态环境和灾害间恶性循环的关键环节,提出了从泥石流治理入手,控制泥石流灾害和泥沙输移,在恢复生态系统功能和治理灾害的同时,发展生态产业的综合治理对策,使生态环境与减轻灾害间形成良性循环,并促进生态环境建设与区域经济的协调发展.     

金属矿山通风节能的技术途径

概述了金属矿山通风能耗高的根本原因,论述了金属矿山通风节能的技术途径,主要方法有优化通风网络、更新及合理配置通风动力设备和通风构筑物的合理设置及维护。     

两种主要泥石流排导槽的比较

通过大量的实例工程的考察,对两种主要泥石流排导槽－东川槽和V型槽的设计,投资及运行现状进行比较,分析总强出排种导槽各自的优缺点,以供以后设计时参考,优化设计,更有效防治泥石流,节约投资,保护生命财产安全。     

风机变频改造及自动切换功能的应用

火电厂既是电能生产企业,也是耗能大户,要提高电厂综合效益,必须降低厂用电率和发电煤耗。电厂辅机出力为长期连续运行并常常处于变负荷运行状态,送、引风机作为主要辅机,采用控制风机挡板的开度来调节出力,而作为电动机消耗的能量变化则不大,造成较大能量损耗,直接影响到厂用电率。改为变频调节后,通过改变电机转速控制出力,实现调整需要,达到节电目的。     

多炉一塔脱硫工艺取消增压风机的可行性研究

多炉一塔脱硫工艺中通常设置增压风机,但在工程实践中增压风机存在着喘振、失速、高能：耗等诸多运行问题。以某自备电厂3台220t／h燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫工程为例,针对多炉一塔湿法脱硫工艺是否设置增压风机,从性能、能耗、运行维护成本等方面对设计方案进行了经济技术比较,并利用流场模拟对烟气系统进行了优化,最终通过引风机的改造替代了增压风机的设置,为小型燃煤电厂湿法脱硫工艺的系统设计提供参考。     

Marine litter in coral reef areas along the Jordan Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea

Composition and abundance of submerged marine litter at six selected sites within a coral reef area along the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba have been estimated. The litter was collected in clean up voluntary campaigns that took place in the period between 25 August 2003 and 29 February 2004. A total of 10,506 items weighing 1159 kg were collected during the survey. Mean litter density in the individual sampling sites varied between 1 and 6 items/m(2) with an overall mean density of 2.8 items/m(2). The mean weight of the collected items per sampling site varied between 0.06 and 1.06 kg/m(2) with an overall mean of 0.31 kg/m(2). Plastic accounted for 42% of the collected items, fishing gear was the second most abundant (31%) while metal was the third most abundant item (17%). By comparison, cardboard constituted 1%, and rubber and other items accounted for less than 1% of the total items collected during the campaigns. Approximately 61% of the plastics consisted of bags followed by bottles (24%), plastic containers and sheets accounted for 13 and 2%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicates no significant differences between the sites in terms of litter count and weight. Potential sources are pointed out and recommendations and actions to address the problem are suggested.     

Predicting Debris Yield From Burned Watersheds: Comparison of Statistical and Artificial Neural Network Models1

Abstract: Alluvial fans in southern California are continuously being developed for residential, industrial, commercial, and agricultural purposes. Development and alteration of alluvial fans often require consideration of mud and debris flows from burned mountain watersheds. Accurate prediction of sediment (hyper‐concentrated sediment or debris) yield is essential for the design, operation, and maintenance of debris basins to safeguard properly the general population. This paper presents results based on a statistical model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. The models predict sediment yield caused by storms following wildfire events in burned mountainous watersheds. Both sediment yield prediction models have been developed for use in relatively small watersheds (50‐800 ha) in the greater Los Angeles area. The statistical model was developed using multiple regression analysis on sediment yield data collected from 1938 to 1983. Following the multiple regression analysis, a method for multi‐sequence sediment yield prediction under burned watershed conditions was developed. The statistical model was then calibrated based on 17 years of sediment yield, fire, and precipitation data collected between 1984 and 2000. The present study also evaluated ANN models created to predict the sediment yields. The training of the ANN models utilized single storm event data generated for the 17‐year period between 1984 and 2000 as the training input data. Training patterns and neural network architectures were varied to further study the ANN performance. Results from these models were compared with the available field data obtained from several debris basins within Los Angeles County. Both predictive models were then applied for hind‐casting the sediment prediction of several post 2000 events. Both the statistical and ANN models yield remarkably consistent results when compared with the measured field data. The results show that these models are very useful tools for predicting sediment yield sequences. The results can be used for scheduling cleanout operation of debris basins. It can be of great help in the planning of emergency response for burned areas to minimize the damage to properties and lives.     

湿法脱硫增压风机的运行控制分析

摘要：通过河南鹤壁丰鹤火电厂2×600MW湿法脱硫的工程实践,结合国内其他脱硫工程的应用经验．对湿法脱硫工艺中增压风机的运行控制进行探讨。     

泥石流防撞墩冲击力理论计算方法

在西部泥石流多发区,交通线路经常需要穿越泥石流沟,设置在泥石流沟床中的桥墩容易遭受泥石流大块石的冲击,为此,常常在其前端设置泥石流防撞墩,以达到保护桥墩的目的。防撞墩设计的关键参数是泥石流大块石的冲击力。目前,有关泥石流冲击力的计算方法都比较粗糙,计算结果与实际情况不符。本文以Thornton理想弹塑性接触模型为基础,并考虑防撞墩的弯矩变形特性,根据能量守恒定律,推导了泥石流大块石冲击力的计算公式。结果表明,考虑结构弹塑性特性后,泥石流大块石冲击力大大降低,远小于按弹性冲击理论所确定的冲击力,计算结果更符合实际情况。