高温高湿气流湿式净化负压系统中引风机的选配

本文通过高温烟气湿式净化特性与引风机工作原理的分析 ,论述了在高温烟气湿式净化负压系统中的引风机选配。该研究有利于高温烟气的净化和处理。     

除尘风机离心除尘器除尘数值模拟与应用

为创造安全健康的工作环境,湿式除尘风机除尘是煤矿井下除尘的主要方法之一。离心除尘器结构是影响风机除尘效率的主要因素。本文以掘进工作面湿式除尘风机为对象,采用数值模拟的方法,对含尘风流经过离心除尘器的除尘效果进行了研究。结果表明:采用湿式离心除尘系统,能有效提高除尘效率;除尘器入口风速为1.9m/s,螺旋挡板间距为0.3m的降尘效果最好。现场实践表明,使用设计后的湿式除尘风机能够有效提高降尘效率,降尘率可达96.7%。     

SCR脱硝技术在沧东电厂4号机组中的应用

以沧东电厂4号机组进行的脱硝改造工程为例,阐述了选择性催化还原(SCR)烟气脱硝系统的工作原理,并对SCR反应器、催化剂等脱硝设备的特点进行了详细地介绍,同时对4号机组加装脱硝装置后对空预器、引风机的影响进行了详细地分析,并针对其影响提出了具体的改造措施。     

Large Woody Debris and Land Management in California’s Hardwood-Dominated Watersheds

Although large woody debris (LWD) has been studied extensively in conifer-dominated watersheds, relatively little is known about LWD in hardwood-dominated watersheds. Field surveys of 32 hardwood-dominated stream reaches in northern coastal California revealed that levels of LWD varied with land ownership and that living trees strongly influenced debris jam formation. Almost half of the channel-spanning debris jams, which stored the most wood and were most likely to form a pool, were formed behind a key piece that was still living. These living key pieces might provide greater longevity and stability than would otherwise be expected from hardwood LWD. Compared to streams on private land, streams on public land had significantly greater LWD loading and debris-jam frequency. Land management practices that remove wood from streams might be contributing to the degradation of salmonid habitat in Californias hardwood-dominated watersheds.     

Woody debris in north Iberian streams: influence of geomorphology, vegetation, and management

The effect of stream geomorphology, maturity, and management of riparian forests on abundance, role, and mobility of wood was evaluated in 20 contrasting reaches in the Agüera stream catchment (northern Iberian Peninsula). During 1 year the volume of woody debris exceeding 1 cm in diameter was measured in all reaches. All large woody debris (φ > 5 cm) pieces were tagged, their positions mapped, and their subsequent changes noted. Volume of woody debris was in general low and ranged from 40 to 22,000 cm³ m⁻²; the abundance of debris dams ranged from 0 to 5.5 per 100 m of channel. Wood was especially rare and unstable in downstream reaches, or under harvested forests (both natural or plantations). Results stress that woody debris in north Iberian streams has been severely reduced by forestry and log removal. Because of the important influence of woody debris on structure and function of stream systems, this reduction has likely impacted stream communities. Therefore, efforts to restore north Iberian streams should include in-channel and riparian management practices that promote greater abundance and stability of large woody debris whenever possible.     

Marine Debris &; Plastics: Environmental Concerns,Sources, Impacts and Solutions

Marine debris (marine litter) is one of the most pervasive and solvable pollution problems plaguing the world’s oceans and waterways. Nets, food wrappers, cigarette filters, bottles, resin pellets, and other debris items can have serious impacts on wildlife, habitat, and human safety. Successful management of the problem requires a comprehensive understanding of both marine debris and human behavior. Knowledge is key for consumers to make appropriate choices when it comes to using and disposing of waste items. Education and outreach programs, strong laws and policies, and governmental and private enforcement are the building blocks for a successful marine pollution prevention initiative. The plastic industry also has a role to play in educating its employees and customers, and searching for technological mitigation strategies.     

粘性泥石流体应力本构关系的试验研究

为了能直接测定含有粗颗粒砾石的粘性泥石流体原样的流变特性，专门研制了大型泥石流流变仪，利用该仪器测试的结果分析研究了粘性泥石流体的应力本构关系。分析研究表明：粘性泥石流体在低速率区启动初始段，颗粒间的作用以接触挤压和滑动摩擦为主，其应力本构关系可用剪切稀化的幂定理方程来描述；在剪切速率区流动剪切段的应力本构关系，包含滑动摩擦作用的零次项和反映惯性碰撞的平方项，具有屈服应力和剪切膨胀的流变特征。     

西部山区泥石流对河滩地演变的地质环境效应--以云南省小江为例

河滩地是西部山区的重要土地资源,绝大部分山区河滩地因泥石流而生,又因泥石流的后期作用而可能消亡.以云南省小江为例,指出泥石流对西部山区河滩地形成的正面效应,同时也分析了泥石流对河滩地的淤埋、淹没和冲毁等负面作用,为西部山区河滩地的开发利用和保护提供了依据.     

Science guides search and rescue after the 2006 Philippine landslide

A rockslide-debris avalanche destroyed the remote village of Guinsaugon in Southern Leyte, Philippines, on 17 February 2006. Although search and rescue procedures were implemented immediately, the scale of the landslide and a lack of information about its nature resulted in unfocused and imprecise efforts in the early days of the operation. Technical support was only introduced five days after the event, provided by a team of volunteer geologists, geophysicists, and meteorologists. By the time search and rescue operations were transferred to specific target sites, however, the chances of finding survivors trapped under the rubble had diminished. In such critical situations, speed, accuracy, and the maximum appropriation of resources are crucial. We emphasise here the need for a systematic and technically informed approach to search and rescue missions in large-scale landslide disaster contexts, and the formulation of better disaster management policies in general. Standard procedures must be developed and enforced to improve how civil authorities respond to natural calamities.