南水北调中线工程输水干线水质监测管理信息系统研究

介绍了由数据采集与传输子系统、数据库子系统、水质预警预报子系统、数据输出子系统和人机交互界面组成的南水北调中线工程输水干线的水质监测管理信息系统,根据该系统的实际需求,阐述了开发该系统应该具备的关键技术。     

城区地表径流面源污染和河道水环境治理的研究

河流为人类提供了多样的生态服务功能,然而城市化对河流生态系统健康状况造成严重的影响。随着点源污染的有效管理控制,非点源污染降雨径流己成为造成城市地表水环境污染的主要原因。为了改善河道水质,引调清水激活城市内河水体,提高河道的水环境自净能力,有效改善城市水环境。文章以南京河西水系为例,利用Saint-Venant方程组对水系建立一维水动力模型,并通过汇流结点水位法对方程组进行数值求解;对WASP5水质模型进行二次开发用于水质模拟;建立水质模型和一维河网水动力模型的耦合模型,将水动力模型计算所得到的水动力参数耦合到WSAP5水质模型中,模拟降雨过程以及引调清水过程的河网各河段的水质变量浓度,得出降雨径流对河流的污染程度以及引清冲污措施对河流水质改善的效果并优化调水过程。     

基于神经网络的闸阀模糊可靠度计算

为提高闸阀可靠度计算准确性,将模糊准则引入闸阀可靠性设计,将闸阀应力与阀体通径、内压之间隐式关系显式化,并基于神经网络构建地震工况下闸阀数学模型;利用蒙特卡洛法,计算闸阀在常规方法下的可靠度;利用正态型隶属函数描述闸阀强度的模糊性,计算闸阀在考虑模糊强度时的可靠度;对比强度的模糊性对可靠度计算结果的影响,分析不同隶属函...     

引水冲污工程治理东湖磷污染

东湖的污染主要体现在氮磷的污染 ,以及由此而导致的水体富营养化 ,而目前正在实施的截污和清淤工程只能截取和清除部分磷污染源 ,对于剩余部分的污染源则有必要通过引水冲污工程来治理。在距沙湖最近的长江岸边设取水点 ,引长江水注入沙湖 ,随后将长江江水引入东湖。同时 ,并将部分受到污染的湖水通过青山港、武丰闸冲出东湖、排入长江 ,从而减少东湖污染物的总量 ,降低东湖的污染程度 ,增强东湖水体的自净能力 ,提高东湖水体的环境质量     

南京市雨污分流改造及初期雨水污染研究

南京市雨污分流改造经过多年建设施工,基本上从源头上实现雨污分流,避免污水溢流入秦淮河。初期雨水造成的城市非点源污染是受纳水体的重要污染源,在一些实施了分流制排水系统的城市,经过一段时间的运行,周边水体的污染情况改善不是十分明显。白下区雨污分流改造后,为避免初期雨水对内秦淮河污染,以大中桥泵站北截流沟为例,探讨在沿河截流井设提升泵弃流初期雨水,利用现状截流沟蓄水,结合规划改造大中桥泵站新建蓄水池,为今后雨水利用提供条件。     

中小城市污水排水问题及对策研究

为解决中小城市污水排水问题,进一步加强城市排水管理,改善城市水环境,杜绝雨污混排,提高污水处理率,分析和探讨了中小城市在污水排水系统建设、管理、维护中存在的问题,针对排水法规不健全、污水管网不完善、雨污分流难、管理不到位等问题进行原因分析,提出加强排水制度建设、加快排水设施的建设、加强排水管理、加强宣传教育等措施.     

REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY PLANNING STUDY FOR NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS1

ABSTRACT: The development of a regional water supply system for the six-county area of Northeastern Illinois is presented in this paper, including: 1) the establishment of regional water supply technical planning policies; 2) the development and utilization of a regional water supply computer model to identify the principal and secondary sources of water supply for each entity in the study area, based on an apparent cost-effective source analysis; and 3) utilization of the study results to develop for the year 2010 a suggested preliminary regional water supply system. Using the findings from task 2 above, a proposed plan for overall Lake Michigan water use through the year 2010 was also developed. The effects of the proposed regional water supply system on future water levels in the deep aquifer were also discussed.     

分洪区数字地形模型建立及其应用

从实用的角度介绍了建立分洪区数字地形模型（ＤＴＭ）方程,并给出了在分洪区信息可视化、分洪区特征曲线生成、分洪区二维洪水演进等等方面的应用。     

DESIGN AND IMPACT ANALYSIS FOR DIVERSION AT COAL CREEK MINE1

A diversion system has been designed to carry the flow from East Fork of Coal Creek around the area proposed for mining at Thunder Basin Coal Company's (TBCC) Coal Creek mine in Campbell County, Wyoming. This paper describes the field and analysis procedures necessary to prepare the diversion design and impact evaluation, and the innovative concepts developed for the diversion system design to minimize impacts on downstream channel stability. Under the proposed diversion system design, water from the East Basin of Coal Creek will be diverted at two locations. At one location, flow will be impounded by a small dam and decanted by a pump through a pipeline into East Fork at the location of the second diversion. At this location, a training dike will be placed across the stream channel to divert flows into a diversion channel. Gravity flow along the diversion channel will deliver water to a playa area which will be converted into a detention basin by placing a small dam across its southern end. Flows up to the magnitude of the 24-hour 2-year peak flow will be passed directly through the detention basin into Middle Fork with negligible attenuation of flow rates. For less frequent events, water will be stored in the detention basin in order to prevent velocities in Lower Middle Fork from exceeding the maximum permissible velocity above which scouring may occur. Evaporation and seepage losses from the diversion system were estimated to be small and should be more than offset by the addition of water from the playa drainage basin into the Coal Creek drainage. Velocities predicted for the Lower Middle Fork after-the diversion is constructed are expected to be low enough that significant erosion of the channel is not expected to occur.     

THE IMPACTS OF WATERWAY USER FEES ON GRAIN TRANSPORTATION ON THE SNAKE-COLUMBIA RIVER1

ABSTRACT: Grain transportation is a major economic activity on the multiple use Snake-Columbia River System. Congress is currently considering increased transportation user fees aimed at recapturing federal expenditures for waterway operations and maintenance. Three types of fee structure and four levels of cost recovery are evaluated using a network program model. In each case traffic is diverted away from the river to other Puget Sound ports via truck and rail transport modes. Grain shippers in the region will be adversely affected by a higher transport bill. The Lower Columbia River port economic activities will be negatively affected; however, competitive uses of the river, recreation, and hydroelectric generation will likely benefit modestly.