基于Petri网的城市突发事件应急联动救援系统性能分析

随着我国城市化进程的加速 ,城市规模的日益扩大 ,城市需要及时有效地应对各种突发事件 ,满足城市居民对公共安全的需求。近年来 ,我国政府已开始在部分城市建设应急联动系统来处理可能发生的各种突发事件。笔者引入Petri网 ,对我国典型的城市重大突发事件应急联动系统的应急性能进行分析 ,初步建立城市重大事件应急联动系统的性能分析的Petri网模型。对Petri网模型更加深入的研究 ,将在后续课题中进一步开展。     

近场地震速度脉冲效应及模拟模型的研究

从近场地震速度脉冲的形成机理分析入手 ,对近场地震动的时程曲线和反应谱进行探讨 ,说明了具有前方向性速度脉冲效应的幅值要大的多 ,对反应谱的长周期段影响显著 ,使反应谱变胖 ,引起谱峰值向长周期处漂移 ,蕴含了巨大的地震能量 ,因此 ,对结构抗震提出了更高的要求。在以上研究的基础上 ,对典型的简化脉冲模拟模型参数进行讨论 ,提出了更为合理的参数取值 ,最后 ,从时程曲线、反应谱和结构地震反应 3个方面 ,对模拟脉冲和实际记录的差异进行对比 ,验证了推荐参数的合理性。     

石化设备抗震抗风动力性能分析和安全性鉴定

石油化工设备类型繁多，形体复杂，其中包括现行抗震鉴定规范中有相关规定的常规设备，也包括一些在抗震鉴定规范中尚无规定的特殊设备。文章以独山子炼油厂的石化设备为例，简要介绍了它们的抗震分析方法和鉴定结果，对其中的高耸结构还进行了抗风分析。     

Effects of Storage Time on Properties of Soybean Protein-Based Plastics

Soybean protein has been considered as a potential biodegradable polymer in the manufacture of plastics. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the effect of storage time on thermal and mechanical properties of soybean protein isolate (SPI) plastics. SPI was separated from defatted soy flour, modified with 1M or 2M urea, or plasticized with glycerol, and compression molded into plastics. Plastic made from SPI alone was used as a control. For all SPI plastics, glass transition temperatures and dynamic storage modulus increased and loss tangent decreased during storage. Excess enthalpy of relaxation of all SPI plastics had an exponential relationship with storage time, indicating a fast aging rate at the beginning of storage. All SPI plastics tended to be stiff and brittle during storage. The plastics with glycerol had the slowest aging rate and were fairly stable after 60 days, with about 8.8 MPa tensile strength and 168% strain at break. Plastics with the 2M urea-modification SPI also had a slow aging rate and became relative stable after 60 days, with about 10 MPa tensile strength and 72% elongation.     

斜撑框架结构弹塑性地震反应计算分析

运用结构弹塑性时程分析的基本原理 ,针对钢筋混凝土斜撑框架结构的特点 ,编制了斜撑框架结构弹塑性时程分析程序。然后以工程中常用的 3种类型的斜撑框架结构为研究对象 ,对该种结构体系在地震波作用下的反应进行了计算 ,并对该种结构体系在地震波作用下的反应性能进行了分析。计算结果表明 :斜撑形式对斜撑框架结构的动力特性有较大影响 ,不同斜撑形式的斜撑框架结构在地震波作用下的反应特性有较大的不同。     

一体化动态安全管理

管理(质量、安全、健康、环境)一体化是现代企业发展的目标之一,随其不断的完善和发展,安全管理正朝着一体化可持续的方向发展。安全管理的一体化不仅能解决安全管理中出现的各种具体问题,提高安全管理工作的效能,而且能深化企业管理的一体化,一体化动态安全管理是安全管理发展的必然趋势。笔者构建了一体化动态安全管理体系,一体化安全管理体系是一个“以人为本,以法律、制度以及规范为基础的可持续发展的全面控制动态体系”。在安全管理一体化的过程中,不仅实现了微观一体化———对象一体化和过程一体化,还实现了宏观一体化;阐述了一体化安全管理的几个基本原则;分析了一体化安全管理体系的特点。一体化动态安全管理的实施将从真正意义上实现以人为本,实现安全管理的可持续发展。     

典型装备温度响应测量及平衡时间研究

目的 研究武器装备在温度环境试验过程中温度的测量方法和温度平衡稳定的时间。方法 利用直接测量方法对3种典型装备进行温度响应时间测量和分析,找出不同类型装备的传热规律,明确其温度环境试验的作用机理,确定装备的温度平衡时间。结果 通过多项试验测试的数据分析了武器装备温度试验应力的选取,在低温和高温工作试验时,整体温度平衡所需时间应适当延长8～10h,高温贮存时间偏短,应适当延长4～6h。结论 在武器装备温度环境试验中,应根据自身性能特点获得装备的真实温度相应特性,在条件允许的情况下,尽可能地敞开武器装备的密闭空间,加快热交换,以缩短达到温度平衡的时间。对于关键及敏感部件,应实时进行温度响应测量,保证试验量级选取的科学合理,为装备环境分析及试验方案的制定提供参考依据。     

Simulation and control strategy for the variational influent of WWTP

With the development of activated sludge model, the simulation software for the design and operation of wastewater treatment plant （WWTP） was produced and has been widely used. The dynamic change of the quality and flow of influent are major factors causing the unstable operation of wastewater treatment process. As a basic model, ASMI model was used for the simulation of activated sludge process, and double exponential model was selected for the simulation of secondary sedimentation tank. The influences of influent change to the aeration tank and secondary sedimentation tank were investigated, and the relationship among influent change, the quality of effluent and the level of sludge blanket in secondary sedimentation tank was established. On the basis of the simulation results, the operation of the WWTP could be adjusted under the dynamic change of the influent. Furthermore, the controlling strategy combined the feed-forward on the influent flow and the feedback on the level of sludge blanket in the secondary sedimentation tank was studied.     

Dynamic phosphorus budget for lake-watershed ecosystems

Lake eutrophication caused by excess phosphorus （P） loading from point sources （PS） and nonpoint sources （NPS） is a persistent and serious ecological problem in China. A phosphorus budget, based on material flow analysis（MFA） and system dynamic （SD）, is proposed and applied for the agriculture-dominated Qionghai Lake watershed located in southwestern China. The MFA-SD approach will not only cover the transporting process of P in the lake-watershed ecosystems, but also can deal with the changes of P budget due to the dynamics of watershed. P inflows include the fertilizer for agricultural croplands, soil losses, domestic sewage discharges, and the atmospheric disposition such as precipitation and dust sinking. Outflows are consisted of hydrologic export, water resources development, fishery and aquatic plants harvesting. The internal P recycling processes are also considered in this paper. From 1988 to 2015, the total P inflows for Lake Qionghai are in a rapid increase from 35.65 to 78.73 t/a, which results in the rising of P concentration in the lake. Among the total P load 2015, agricultural loss and domestic sewage account for 70.60% and 17.27% respectively, directly related to the rapid social-economic development and the swift urbanization. Future management programs designed to reduce P inputs must be put into practices in the coming years to ensure the ecosystem health in the watershed.     

风场类型对高层建筑风致响应的影响研究

风荷载是影响高层建筑安全性的重要因素之一,而不同的风环境会对高层建筑的风致响应存在不同程度的影响,基于此背景,本文通过高层建筑多自由度气动弹性模型风洞试验,获得了结构原始加速度时程曲线,采用随机减量法对其气动阻尼进行识别,分析了风场类型对高层建筑气动阻尼比和风致加速度响应的影响。结果表明:横风向气动阻尼比随折减风速的变化起伏较大,顺风向气动阻尼比随折减风速的增大而增大;折减风速小于特定值时,地貌类型对气动阻尼影响较小;随着风场类型从A类变化为D类,结构横、顺风向的气动阻尼比的变化趋势趋于平缓,气动阻尼比的正峰值减小,正峰值风速增大。高层建筑横风向的加速度响应大于顺风向;风场类型从A类变化为D类的过程中,横、顺风向的加速度响应均减小。风向角对气动阻尼比和加速度响应均存在较明显的影响。