江苏数字地震台网地震定位能力分析

依据江苏数字地震台网的几何布局 ,对区域上设定的不同震级和震源位置的可能事件 ,作了以下两点考虑。 (1)根据不同震级地震的监测范围 ,确定了相应的定位子台组合。 (2 )对同一地震事件 ,考虑到震相分析P震相和S震相测量精度上的差异 ,引入了不同的标准误差σP 和σS。在此基础上 ,通过模拟地震波理论走时和对走时矩阵的奇异值分解方法 ,计算了估计震源参数标准误差的参量空间协方差矩阵值 ,给出了标准误差理论值等值线图 ,用此方法讨论分析了江苏数字地震台网的地震定位能力。     

常熟-太仓M5.1地震精定位及震源机制解

通过定位模型、定位方法和地震震相的合理选择 ,采用更加合理的台网布局的地震资料 ,对1990年 2月 10日常熟M 5 1地震进行了精定位 ,得到更为精确、合理的该地震三要素。通过对原震源机制解的复核 ,原定结果可以不变     

六安流动地磁测量异常的映震能力探讨

将安徽省六安地区流动地磁测线 12个流动地磁测点的∑ |δfi|异常与安徽中西部地震活动性作对比分析 ,初步结果为 :12个流动地磁测点的∑ |δfi|值较大 (∑ |δfi|≥Fu) ,一年内安徽中西部地区的地震活动性增强 ;反之 ,则安徽中西部地区的地震活动性较弱。此方法在地震的中短期预报中有一定的实用意义。     

利辛M4.1地震前的流磁异常及其变化

安徽省利辛县张村镇 1 999 1 2 3 0发生M4 1地震 ,震前数日省流磁测量组在皖北进行了 1 999年第 4期流动地磁测量。运用Sδf方法分析此期流磁资料 ,可见明显异常。震后 ,异常恢复。分析认为 :Sδf方法在运用流磁资料作短期地震预报方面具有一定实用性。     

Are we planning for sustainable disaster recovery? Evaluating recovery plans after the Wenchuan earthquake

This article examines local recovery plans that were created in response to the Wenchuan earthquake and then suggests ways that planners can better apply the concept of sustainability to the recovery process. We utilize a plan evaluation protocol to analyze 16 recovery plans in counties and towns that were severely affected by the earthquake. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with public officials and planners, with the qualitative data gleaned from these interviews being used to supplement the plan quality assessment. The results reveal that local recovery plans do not appear to have incorporated sufficiently the concepts of sustainability. We conclude the paper with the following recommendations: emphasizing sustainability as a policy priority during vision and goal development; developing solid databases and planning techniques; designing a diversified set of regulatory- and incentive-based policy tools suitable for local governments; enhancing social and institutional learning; and further integrating multi-level and interagency governmental units.     

Communicating risk for vulnerable groups: a case study of the Mano community’s strategies for collective knowledge to action

This paper discusses the emergent interest in risk communication as a strategy for disaster risk reduction. Communication plays an essential role in understanding risk, but studies suggest that people often do not respond in the way that risk experts anticipate. For risk communication to be effective, vulnerable communities need to understand risk within the local context as well as in terms of sustainability. Risk messages offer communities a way to enhance their collective knowledge of existing vulnerabilities, leading them towards alternative solutions for action. A longitudinal study of the Mano community development approach and its recovery from the 1995 Kobe earthquake illustrates how risk communication dynamics contributed to the community’s sustainable risk reduction. The study concludes that risk communication is a collaborative way for a community to work with risk experts, own their risk information, influence existing policies and practices, develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, and ultimately enhance a community’s capacity for managing future risk.     

汶川大地震灾后青少年心理援助经验启示

为探索和创新汶川大地震以及其他灾情灾后青少年心理援助提供科学决策依据,通过对四川灾区民众的调查分析及其对收集的信息资料研究,着重揭示了汶川大地震灾后青少年心理援助的经验：“三个加强”——加强方式、方法、机制“三位一体”对青少年心理援助,“三个强化”——社会、学校、家庭“三位一体”对青少年心理援助的启示。     

地震救援行动的影响因素分析

从探讨救援行动的概念和响应过程出发,在分析国内外相关资料的基础上,结合我国的实际情况,分析了影响地震救援行动的方面和因素,以及它们对救援行动可能产生的影响,以期为地震救援的理论和实践提供有益的补充。     

汶川地震次生山地灾害链成灾特点与防治对策

地震次生山地灾害链是山地灾害链的一种特殊形式。由于地震作用后,灾害单体之间的连锁作用强烈,成灾机理更加复杂,防治难度大增,因此只针对灾害单体的减灾思想,很难对灾害链整体进行遏制,而必须从灾害链的各个关联环节着手,建立新的减灾框架。从汶川地震次生山地灾害链的成灾特点和防治思路两个方面进行了探讨,针对成灾规律特征,提出了5种山地灾害链的断链防治思路。     

基于地貌指数的汶川地震灾区单沟泥石流总量计算方法

现行的泥石流总量计算方法普遍存在计算参数较难获取或难以精确获取的问题,加上汶川地震灾区沟谷内分布大量的由崩塌、滑坡体等形成的固体松散物质;所以多数泥石流总量计算公式在汶川震区存在局限性.参考适用于以崩塌、滑坡体为主要物源的泥石流总量计算公式;分析研究区范围内地形地貌发育状态与降雨因素及其地质条件之间的影响关系;将地貌指数(Strahler积分)应用于泥石流总量计算,尝试解决缺乏降雨数据情况下泥石流总量计算问题.根据“8.13”四川清平群发性泥石流数据初步回归分析得到适合于汶川震区的泥石流总量计算模型.