Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the Middle Jurassic of China

Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) are familiar animals in most terrestrial habitats but are rare as fossils, with only a handful of species known from each of the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Fossil harvestmen from Middle Jurassic (ca. 165 Ma) strata of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China, are described as Mesobunus martensi gen. et sp. nov. and Daohugopilio sheari gen. et sp. nov.; the two genera differ primarily in the relative length of their legs and details of the pedipalps. Jurassic arachnids are extremely rare and these fossils represent the first Jurassic, and only the fourth Mesozoic, record of Opiliones. These remarkably well-preserved and modern-looking fossils are assigned to the Eupnoi, whereby M. martensi demonstrably belongs in Sclerosomatidae. It thus represents the oldest record of a modern harvestman family and implies a high degree of evolutionary stasis among one of the most widespread and abundant groups of long-legged, round-bodied harvestmen.     

论内蒙古煤炭经济的发展战略

煤炭工业作为内蒙古的传统产业,在工业经济中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来,随着自治区＂大煤田、大煤电、大煤化＂战略的实施,煤炭工业正发挥着支柱产业的作用,推动自治区经济大步前进,煤炭经济取得了长足的发展,但也仍然存在开发工艺落后,能源与环境代价高,增长方式粗放和利益分配严重失衡导致的发展混乱等一系列问题。因而需要对煤炭经济的发展进行战略规划。     

内蒙古电力与低碳经济

积极发展低碳经济是实现中国经济发展方式转变的必由之路,内蒙古自治区作为辐射京、津、唐地区的能源供应基地,绿色能源是最终的发展方向。本文探讨了内蒙古电力事业如何顺应低碳经济实现可持续发展。     

内蒙古乌兰浩特索伦镇地区中生代侵入岩特征研究

内蒙古乌兰浩特索伦镇地区位于大兴安岭中南段。该区中生代侵入岩广泛发育。开展侵入岩的年代学、地球化学特征研究能为深入探讨区域构造背景提供依据。3个样品K-Ar全岩法测年结果(93.39Ma～108.48Ma)证明侵入岩形成于早白垩世,略晚于其南侧同一构造带上的杜尔基地区侵入岩年龄(100.15Ma～120.29Ma),符合太行山——大兴安岭早白垩世侵入岩时代自南向北由老变新的演化趋势。岩石地球化学分析结果显示岩石属于碱性系列,具有高硅、高钾、富碱、过铝、贫钙、镁、铁等特征。稀土元素总量为(77.96～241.29)μg/g,平均值为158.92μg/g,与杜尔基地区早白垩世侵入岩的稀土总量平均值(146.85μg/g)及华北克拉通内碱性系列岩石的稀土总量平均值(163.32μg/g)都非常接近。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线整体右倾,因Eu负异常而呈"V"型形态,与太行山-大兴安岭地区早白垩世典型岩体的稀土配分型式极为相似。侵入岩的成因类型为A-型,形成于伸展构造环境。     

内蒙古清洁发展机制(CDM)项目现状分析及对策

清洁发展机制(Clean Development Mechanism,简称CDM)是《京都议定书》规定的3种温室气体减排途径之一,也是发展中国家唯一的参与温室气体减排的机制。本文以我国现阶段CDM项目发展现状为背景,具体针对内蒙古CDM项目现状及存在的问题(截止2010年9月7日)展开分析,提出内蒙古发展CDM项目的解决对策。     

内蒙古自治区环境植物的利用

介绍目前在内蒙古自治区具有一定环境保护价值的环境植物资源,同时发掘其在环境保护之外的其他价值,可以在今后环境保护和园林绿化方面提供一定的借鉴,充分发掘这些植物资源的利用价值。     

Effects of thickness profile and inner/outer of localized thin area defects on the remaining strength of pressure equipment

When encountering pressure equipment with a structural defect such as a local thinning defect (LTA), a critical question often arises regarding the safety of continued operation. This is primarily determined by the strength at the LTA zone, as it represents the weakest point of the structure. The remaining strength factor (RSF) is proposed as an indicator to evaluate the remaining strength and life of pressure equipment when a severe LTA is identified. The API 579/ASME FFS standard offers a series of practical engineering approaches for field engineers to follow, which have achieved great success. However, it has been found that the simpler Level 1 and Level 2 approaches sometimes fail to differentiate between LTAs on the inner or outer surface of the pressure equipment, yielding identical numerical processes and results. Moreover, the use of critical thickness profiles to replace the actual thickness profile in analysis can lead to overly optimistic estimation of the RSF, posing a potential danger when the RSF is close to the allowable limit. Key issues investigated in this study include: (a) discrepancies caused by the use of simplified critical thickness profiles or parabolic profiles, as API 579 suggested, on the RSF; (b) differences in RSFs when the same LTA is on the inner and outer wall; and (c) comparisons of membrane stress and bending stress, as well as their influences on the RSF at the cross-section of the vessel wall. It can be concluded with certainty that all simplified geometries (CTP and PTP) tend to underestimate the RSF and should be used with caution. Additionally, the actual remaining strength of the outer LTA was found to be slightly lower than that of the inner LTA of identical size. Therefore, when remaining life and derating for prolonged operation are of interest, finite element analysis on pressure equipment with the LTA is recommended.     

国家北方重要生态安全屏障保护与建设

把内蒙古建成我国北方重要生态安全屏障,是立足全国发展大局确立的战略定位。本文在阐述国家北方重要生态安全屏障概念和内涵的基础上,综述了近年来内蒙古在国家北方重要生态安全屏障保护和建设中取得的进展及效果,对生态服务功能基础进行全面分析总结,剖析了目前和未来生态安全屏障建设中面临的天然生态脆弱、部分生态系统退化、资源环境承载压力大等问题,最后从发展方向、关键技术、政策体系、工程布局和监管能力五个角度提出了内蒙古生态保护与建设的对策建议,为筑牢我国北方重要生态安全屏障提供思路。     

皆伐对青藏高原东部银露梅种群生长与繁殖的影响

调查了青藏高原东部川西云杉原始林下优势灌木银露梅及其在皆伐7 a后迹地上的种群结构、生长与繁殖状况,并进行了对比研究.发现(1)皆伐迹地生境中的银露梅灌丛年龄结构、萌生株年龄结构、萌生株数大小结构和冠幅结构与原始林下相比均存在着较大的差异;(2)在皆伐生境中,与林下同龄的银露梅丛冠幅、基径总和以及株高总和均显著增加,皆伐显著促进了银露梅的无性萌生能力和结实数量的增加.综合分析表明,银露梅能有效适应迹地退化形成的阳性生境,因此可作为高海拔地区皆伐迹地植被恢复中先锋灌木种.图2表1参21     

Wintertime Surface Heat Exchange for the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River

This study analyzed the wintertime surface heat exchange for the Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River, China, based on the data from the nearby weather station at Wulateqianqi. In this analysis, the solar radiation is based on the observed data. Other components of the surface heat flux, that is, long‐wave radiation, and evaporative and conductive heat fluxes, are calculated. The relative importance of the contributions of long‐wave radiation, conductive, and evaporative heat fluxes are in descending order. The air temperature is the most important meteorological factor to the total heat flux. Although the wind speed influences evaporative and conductive heat fluxes, it has the least correlation with the total heat budget. The heat exchange coefficient for the linearized surface heat exchange equation is 21.87 W/(m² °C), which is comparable with published values in the regions of United States and Canada with similar latitudes.