发光细菌对化合物的致突效应与检测研究

从明亮发光杆菌Ｔ３小种分离到的自发暗变种（Ｋ变种）Ｔ９１７１菌种对三种化合物呈致空变阳性反应，对二种化合物呈可疑阳性，发光细菌暗变种对遗传毒性化合物致突效应的灵敏度高于Ａｍｅｓ试验和浦乳动物致癌试验，可望成为一种简易灵敏的测试环境致突变物的短期生物学试验方法。     

全球环境变化与全球不平等南北方的不同立场

全球环境变化给发展中国家和南北关系带来深刻影响，理解环境问题的全球不平等需要以发展中国家80年代开始的经济结构调整和沉重债务为背景。南方的环境政策优先在很大程度上与其生活的可持续性相连，而不是通常与全球环境变化的长期性风险相关，然而，全球环境变化又与发展中国家贫困人口的日常生活紧密相关。从南方的立场看，当“问题”对他们不十分迫切时，就很难同意采取措施，仅此原因，北方对全球环境变化的关切要得到成功回应，真正的全球契约就需要解决基本“发展”问题，主要是贫困。     

氨法脱硫在热电厂中应用

随着二氧化硫对环境的污染越来越严重，国家环保局对燃煤电厂二氧化硫排放进行严格控制，电厂加装脱硫装置是迟早的事。阐述了氨法脱硫的工艺流程和自动控制．同时结合工程调试中出现的问题进行分析，为今后的脱硫工程提供一些借鉴。     

中国公路建设项目环境保护管理综述

综述了中国公路建没项目环境保护管理的有关规定，包括环境保护管理的内容与程序、分类管理、环境影响评价市批与环境影响咨洵收费管理等。     

对中国城市环境地质工作的思考

本文回顾了国内外城市地质工作的发展历程，阐述了中国城市地质工人的发展方向和重点工作领域。指出城市地质工作必须服务于城市（城市群，经济开发区）的规划，建设和管理，为城市社会经济可持续发展，减灾防灾提供具有针对性，实用性和超前性的基础地质资料和成果。由于中国城市的规模，性质，自然资源承载力，地质环境特征不同，城市环境地质调查，评价的对象，内容也将有所差异。归纳起来，城市地质的重点工作领域为：城市可持续发展，城市可持续发展的资源开发战略与对策，城市地质环境容量及脆弱性分析。城市地质灾害：城市地质灾害风险，影响面，易损性及对灾害的反应，城市环境变化的地质指标体系，城市环境地质综合研究：城市环境地质调查评价的新理论，新方法，新技术，城市环境地质图纱的编制。数字城市环境地质：GIS平台上的地质空间数据库，城市地质环境动态分析，评价，决策系统和地质灾害预警预报系统。     

Comparison of UV-based advanced oxidation processes for the removal of different fractions of NOM from drinking water

This study examined the effectiveness for degradation of hydrophobic (HPO), transphilic (TPI) and hydrophilic (HPI) fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) during UV/H₂O₂, UV/TiO₂ and UV/K₂S₂O₈ (UV/PS) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The changing characteristics of NOM were evaluated by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the specific UV absorbance (SUVA), trihalomethanes formation potential (THMFP), organic halogen adsorbable on activated carbon formation potential (AOXFP) and parallel factor analysis of excitation–emission matrices (PARAFAC-EEMs). In the three UV-based AOPs, HPI fraction with low molecular weight and aromaticity was more likely to degradate than HPO and TPI, and the removal efficiency of SUVA for HPO was much higher than TPI and HPI fraction. In terms of the specific THMFP of HPO, TPI and HPI, a reduction was achieved in the UV/H₂O₂ process, and the higest removal rate even reached to 83%. UV/TiO₂ and UV/PS processes can only decrease the specific THMFP of HPI. The specific AOXFP of HPO, TPI and HPI fractions were all able to be degraded by the three UV-based AOPs, and HPO content is more susceptible to decompose than TPI and HPI content. UV/H₂O₂ was found to be the most effective treatment for the removal of THMFP and AOXFP under given conditions. C1 (microbial or marine derived humic-like substances), C2 (terrestrially derived humic-like substances) and C3 (tryptophan-like proteins) fluorescent components of HPO fraction were fairly labile across the UV-based AOPs treatment. C3 of each fraction of NOM was the most resistant to degrade upon the UV-based AOPs. Results from this study may provide the prediction about the consequence of UV-based AOPs for the degradation of different fractions of NOM with varied characteristics.     

我国污水资源化存在问题及其对策

我国是缺水国家,水资源短缺严重制约着发展前景,水污染问题又使缺水状况更加突出.实施污水资源化战略可提高水的利用率,缓解部分水资源紧张问题.     

Carbon isotope ratios in logged and unlogged boreal forests: Examination of the potential for determining wildlife habitat use

Due to assimilation of recycled CO₂ from litter decomposition and photosynthetic changes in carbon fractionation at low light levels, the foliage at the base of a forest is often more depleted in¹³C compared to that exposed to the atmosphere in either the canopy or in open clearings. This is referred to as the canopy effect. African research has indicated that these habitat differences in foliar ¹³C can be substantial enough to affect the carbon isotope ratios of resident fauna. Previous work documenting a 30-year chronology on moose teeth from Isle Royale National Park indicated a progressive depletion in¹³C and suggested that this could be due to forest regrowth following extensive burning. The present study examined the assumption implicit in this hypothesis that foliar ¹³C varies between open and closed boreal forest sites. I found a marginal canopy effect of 2 ¹³C difference between upper canopy and ground flora for a forest in northwestern Ontario and an average difference of 1.2 in under- and mid-story vegetation between closed forests and open clear-cuts. Because of these small differences, the utility of carbon isotope analysis in quantifying temporally integrated exploitation of deforested habitats will be low for northern boreal locations. In denser forests, such as those in the tropics or western North American where the canopy effect can be expected to be much greater, ¹³C analysis may still offer some promise for determining selection by wildlife of disturbed habitats.     

无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅铝铁硼的制备及其絮凝性能研究

以工业水玻璃、氯化铝、氯化铁、硼酸为原料，制备了一种性能优良的无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅铝铁硼(PSBFA)。通过考察不同pH值条件下水玻璃的胶凝时间、Si／Al物质的量比、硼的浓度、熟化时间等因素对聚硅铝铁硼产品应用性能的影响，确定了聚硅铝铁硼的最佳制备条件为pH值为2～4，Si／Al物质的量比在1．0左右，硼的浓度为0．02mol／L，熟化时间为5d左右。絮凝应用实验表明，聚硅铝铁硼对于印染废水脱色效果、生活污水的COD去除率具有优异的絮凝性能；与传统混凝剂硫酸铝和市售混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)相比，PSBFA的具有投加量少、沉降速度快、絮体体积小等优点。     

行政事业组织建立环境管理体系探讨

目前，我国建立ISO14001环境管理体系的组织主要是企业，然而行政事业组织亦具有建立体系的必要性和可行性，并具有重要意义。行政事业组织在建立体系时，环境因素识别和控制的重点在于资源和能源的消耗及危险废物的处理和处置。体系的建立应与组织的行政管理职能紧密结合，促进环境管理程序化、规范化和法制化，从而实现“绿色行政”的目标。