Effects of testosterone supplementation on chemical signals of male Iberian wall lizards: consequences for female mate choice

In some lizards, female mate choice is influenced by chemicals secreted by males, e.g., via the femoral glands. Secretions of the femoral glands are under direct androgenic control and vary seasonally with androgen production. However, whether increased testosterone (T) levels affect the concentration and chemical composition of secretions or their attractiveness to females is unknown. We manipulated T levels of male Iberian wall lizards, Podarcis hispanica, with silastic implants. Differential tongue-flick rates indicated that females detected and discriminated between femoral secretions of control and T-implanted males based on chemical cues alone. Females showed greater responses to secretions of T-males, which might suggest that T increased the concentration of chemical signals. Further analyses by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry indicated that T supplementation induced qualitative changes in lipid composition of femoral secretions. T-males had decreased relative proportions of cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol in secretions, which might be related to the negative effects of T on the immune system and on lipid metabolism. However, experiments of choice of males’ scent showed that females neither preferred nor avoided the scent marks of T-males but preferred males that maintained higher proportions of cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol in secretions, independently of the experimental manipulation. Thus, because this steroid is negatively affected by T, there might be trade-offs among increasing T levels to increase the production of chemical secretions, maintain metabolism, and attract females.     

单层平面索网玻璃幕墙结构研究现状综述

单层平面索网玻璃幕墙是点支式玻璃幕墙的一种重要型式,其幕墙玻璃的支承结构为单层平面索网结构,在国内外一些大型公共建筑中得到了广泛的应用。综述了单层平面索网结构的研究现状,重点阐述了其几何非线性特征、玻-索协同工作特性,以及该类结构的动力特性及动力响应等研究成果。同时,对单层平面索网玻璃幕墙结构研究中所存在的问题进行了分析,并对其发展趋势作了展望。     

填充粘弹性材料的开缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙性能试验研究

建立了填充粘弹性材料的开缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙的力学模型,基于通用有限元软件ABAQUS,对具有不同形式的钢筋混凝土剪力墙进行了数值模拟,通过对其在相同加载速率下的弹塑性分析,探讨了开缝填充粘弹性材料的剪力墙和整体墙、开缝墙的性能,以及粘弹性材料缝的尺寸等因素对剪力墙性能的影响.试验结果表明,开缝后填充粘弹性材料,在剪力墙...     

甘肃典型夯土民房承重墙体加固试验研究

武都是甘肃省典型夯土民房使用地区,研究其夯土民房的抗震性能对于防灾减灾具有重要意义.在试验中,使用武都当地常用土料,完全按照其施工工艺夯筑4片夯土墙体试件,利用伪静力方法研究了素土墙体与使用铁丝网加固墙体的抗剪强度.结果显示:①在竖向荷载10 kN条件下,加固墙体试件较素土墙体试件的水平开裂荷载和极限荷载分别增长了73...     

轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙平面外受力性能试验

本文提出了一种轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙,是由内部嵌入钢筋的尾砂微晶发泡板与轻钢龙骨组合而成。为研究其风吸或风压作用下弹性变形性能以及平面外受弯破坏全过程,进行了8个轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙足尺试件的单向加载试验。试件参数包括组合墙高度、发泡板强度、嵌入发泡板的钢筋直径、发泡板是否带釉面、发泡板是否复合轻质砌块。每个试件均进行3个工况的加载,前两个工况模拟风吸作用,加载至试件外表面产生裂缝;第三个工况模拟风压作用,加载至试件破坏。采用门式加载架,悬吊试件实现简支,通过简支分配梁将集中荷载分成与试件八点接触加载,各加载点设置球铰支座。研究表明:轻钢龙骨与发泡板有良好的平面外共同工作性能;采取增大组合墙截面高度、提高发泡板材料强度、发泡板设置釉面层、发泡板复合粉煤灰砌块的构造措施,均可提高组合墙的平面外受力性能,复合粉煤灰砌块对提高试件平面外承载能力效果最为显著;利用截面换算方式对组合墙板平面外极限承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验符合较好。结合试验数据及外围护墙板的风荷载计算公式,计算出组合墙的极限风荷载值,为该组合墙的设计及工程应用提供了参考。     

“复合型人工湿地”对造纸废水深度处理的研究

制浆造纸废水的成分很复杂,深度处理的难度较大,现有的,物理化学法虽具有治理快、处理效果好等优点,但运行费用和维护费用都较高。采用"复合型人工湿地"既机械曝气+人工湿地+生物墙技术,进行深度处理可取得良好的处理效果,并且运行费用低。     

露天煤矿排土场工程地质勘察技术方法浅析

通过对露天煤矿排土场工程地质钻孔勘探的实际工作经验,简要阐明了露天煤矿排土场排弃物层在钻探过程中经常遇到的几个问题,详细论述了解决问题所应采取的技术方法与措施。     

Triploidy: Pregnancy complications and clinical findings in seven cases

Seven cases of triploidy were encountered by the Prenatal Diagnosis Program at Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center over an 8-year period through associated pregnancy complications. We describe the characteristic findings that facilitate prenatal diagnosis and management. Our experience includes fetuses with major central nervous system abnormalities (spina bifida aperta, holoprosencephaly) and anterior abdominal wall defects, which are detectable with routine prenatal diagnostic screening examinations (ultrasound and AFP). In addition, we stress the importance of recognizing obstetric complications and associated cystic placental changes, which are quite common among triploid conceptuses. Molar changes associated with triploidy have a more benign prognosis than that associated with diploid moles. Such molar changes may relate to the presence of a diploid paternal chromosome complement. The usefulness of cytofluorometric DNA determinations in helping to confirm a clinical suspicion of triploidy is emphasized. These cases are presented in an effort to facilitate prenatal recognition and management of this common cytogenetic condition and prevent unnecessary Caesarean section deliveries.     

芹菜根细胞壁对镉的吸附固定机制及其FTIR表征研究

对芹菜根细胞壁Cd的吸附固定机制开展了相关研究.芹菜根细胞壁Cd吸附的动力学实验研究表明,根细胞壁经酯化改性处理后其对Cd的累积吸附量相对降低了42.6%,经氨基甲基化改性处理后其对Cd的累积吸附量相对降低了21.0%,经果胶酶改性处理后其对Cd的累积吸附量相对降低了40.5%.同时,利用傅立叶红外光谱技术表征了芹菜根细胞壁上Cd吸附位点的官能团信息.研究结果表明,Cd主要与细胞壁纤维素、半纤维素和木质素中的羧基官能团发生结合作用,同时,根细胞壁上的蛋白质和果胶质也参与了Cd的结合.