美国金融危机的影响与扩大内需

随着全球经济一体化的不断深入,此次美国金融危机给世界各国带来了广泛的影响．对于外贸依存度超过60％的中国经济来说,在微观和宏观上受到了较大的冲击,随着我国融入世界经济的程度不断加深,由投资和出口驱动的经济增长模式,使我国经济运行的风险越来越大．因此,扩大国内消费需求,促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动的转变,将是我国经济增长的努力方向．参5．     

Kinship,nomadism, and humanitarian aid among Somalis in Ethiopia

This paper draws on extended ethnographic and health policy research in eastern Ethiopia to reconsider kinship and nomadism among Somalis, as both of these cultural features transform in the contexts of recurrent humanitarian crises and episodic relief operations. The emergence and importance of new patterns of travel and migration among Somalis in Ethiopia reveal significant changes in the configurations and enactments of Somali kinship, on which many Somalis' mobility depends. Conversely, an analysis of Somalis' dynamic sub‐clan groupings and geographically dispersed kinship networks also highlights emergent patterns of mobility and migration that enable access to training opportunities and employment with relief organisations, as well as to distributions of humanitarian aid. Based on these findings, this paper argues that kinship and nomadism—both long central to Somalis' identities in Ethiopia—remain interdependent, coevolved, and key to their resilience and livelihoods in the face of recurrent crises and intermittent humanitarian responses.     

自然保护资金渠道探讨

地方环保部门开展自然保护工作必须的资金多年来一直不能解决。本文对环保部门开辟自然保护资金渠道的必要性和可能性进行了探讨。     

金融危机背景下江苏省旅游市场开发策略研究

2008年金融危机给全球旅游业带来很大的负面影响,影响到消费者的可支配收入、闲暇时间和消费能力.以江苏省为例,通过问卷调查和数理统计方法分析了金融危机对江苏省国内旅游市场和国际旅游市场的影响,提出了在金融危机背景下江苏省国内和国际旅游市场发展策略:江苏省应长期发放旅游消费券和实行国民休闲计划发展国内旅游市场,利用上海世博会和上海迪斯尼项目来大力发展国际旅游市场.     

环保企业应对金融危机的对策

对于全球金融危机,环保企业面临着机遇与挑战,应依靠技术创新,提升企业竞争力;调整结构,务实企业发展基础;建设企业文化,提高企业员工素质;多渠道融资,增强企业发展后劲;加强管理,提升企业核心竞争力。     

Evidence against disaster-induced migration: the 2004 tornado in north-central Bangladesh

Migration is generally considered to be one of the primary responses to a natural disaster. The existing literature widely acknowledges the fact that disaster victims migrate from affected areas. This paper, though, provides empirical evidence of the non-occurrence of out-migration in the aftermath of the 14 April 2004 tornado in Bangladesh. Data collected from 291 respondents from eight tornado-affected villages suggest that no one from these locations migrated to other areas. The constant flow of disaster aid and its proper distribution by the government and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) were the main reasons why victims did not leave. This study contributes to the disaster literature by providing three important findings: disasters do not always create out-migration; emergency aid can compensate in monetary terms for damage caused by disasters; and some of the arguments made in the literature against the provision of emergency relief for disaster victims are not always valid for all countries.     

计算机辅助海运安全管理系统技术研究

以海运安全管理的基本理论与机制 ,强调保障安全必须通过管理实现对“人 -机 -环境”系统的有效干预 ,指出已实行数年的海运安全管理体系 (SMS) ,因系统庞大不便使用而妨碍了安全管理效能的发挥 ,而现有的管理信息系统技术对此作为甚小。鉴此 ,以语义Web和RDF技术为核心 ,研发了计算机辅助海运安全管理系统 (CASMS) ,包括海运安全文档知识库系统 (RDMS)、海运安全管理体系文档管理系统 (SMDS)、计算机辅助海运安全审核系统 (EES) ,为实现全面高效准确的SMS文件管理与工作表管理 ,提高海运公司和政府的SMS审核质量 ,实现地区级、国家级网络化安全管理提供了新技术。该技术可普遍用于质量管理体系、职业安全与健康管理体系、环境管理体系等系统及其综合系统。     

The use of cluster sampling to determine aid needs in Grozny, Chechnya in 1995

War broke out in Chechnya in November 1994 following a three-year economic blockade. It caused widespread destruction in the capital Grozny. In April 1995 Medical Relief International--or Merlin, a British medical non-governmental organisation (NGO)--began a programme to provide medical supplies, support health centres, control communicable disease and promote preventive health-care in Grozny. In July 1995 the agency undertook a city-wide needs assessment using a modification of the cluster sampling technique developed by the Expanded Programme on Immunisation. This showed that most people had enough drinking-water, food and fuel but that provision of medical care was inadequate. The survey allowed Merlin to redirect resources earmarked for a clean water programme towards health education and improving primary health-care services. It also showed that rapid assessment by a statistically satisfactory method is both possible and useful in such a situation.     

推进循环经济法律制度实施的若干问题研究

循环经济相关产业已经成为我国着力培育的新的重要经济增长点。在当前经济形势下,一些地方政府和利益团体,不是抓住机遇将有限的资金投入到新发展循环经济上,而是放松对发展循环经济和环境管理的要求,热衷于上一些“两高一资”项目或者国家明令淘汰的项目,使发展循环经济失去了重要战略机遇期。当前形势下推进循环经济法律制度实施,必须正确处理好应对金融危机和加快循环经济发展的关系,抓紧制定出台《循环经济促进法》的配套法规标准和制度,并理顺保障法律实施的体制机制,加快出台循环经济发展规划和激励政策。     

Half full or half empty? Shelter after the Jogjakarta earthquake

The international shelter response to the Jogjakarta earthquake in Indonesia in May 2006 is widely regarded as a success story, especially when compared with the response to the Indian Ocean tsunami 16 months earlier. This evaluation is largely in terms of the international aid system itself, which emphasises statistical measures of ‘success’ and internal coordination and efficiency. From the perspective of those closer to the ground, however, it was less successful, especially in terms of coordination and communication with and participation of local agencies and affected communities. This paper, by an aid worker resident in Jogjakarta and an anthropologist, examines the response from a perspective grounded both within and outside the aid system, local as well as global. It recognises the relative success of the response, but argues for an approach more grounded in local knowledge and responsive to local concerns, while also providing practical suggestions for improvement.