大挤压比薄壁件复合挤压成形工艺过程的数值模拟

采用等温复合挤压工艺成形大挤压比薄壁件,并应用DEFORM对大挤压比薄壁件的复合挤压过程进行有限元数值模拟,分析成形过程中的变形力及金属流动规律.根据模拟得到的应力场、应变场、速度场及加载变化等,也可预测大挤压比薄壁件复合挤压变形时产生的缺陷.     

岩体质量对地下洞室围岩稳定性的影响

在现场调查的基础上,通过对西南某电站地下厂房洞室群围岩岩体质量的分析评价,采用三维有限元数值分析方法,对比分析不同岩体质量条件下,洞室开挖后围岩的二次应力场、变形场和塑性破坏区的差异。较全面地讨论了岩体质量对地下洞室围岩稳定性的影响。     

球面有限单元法分析与应用

有限单元技术在地球科学中得到日益广泛的应用,但目前直角坐标下的有限元分析程序处理地球(由于地球的球形)科学问题极为不便。文中利用球坐标下弹性力学的基本方程和有限单元分析的基本方法,编制了球壳有限单元程序,选择中国大陆的主体区域进行了实例计算检验;发现分析方法合理,结果可靠。     

三维有限元模拟中的网格重划

详细论述了网格重划技术的判断准则、新旧网格之间场量传递等 ,提出了两种进行包含测试的新方法交点判断法和矢量判断法 ,并成功地应用于新旧网格之间三维场量的传递。实例应用验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

热电偶丝材加工质量控制研究

结合实例总结并分析了铂铑测温丝材加工中，影响产品质量的主要因素为熔炼时的杂质元素及成分偏析，加工过程中配模不合理、模具失效、设备失效等。最后提出了配合ISO9000质量体系认证,从技术和管理方面的质量解决方案。     

石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性的有限单元法(FEM)分析评价

岩质高边坡是常见的自然地质环境问题和重要的岩土工程问题之一,涉及工程地质学、岩体力学问题。针对漳州—龙岩高速公路石崆Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性问题,采用有限单元法(FEM)进行计算分析。计算分析结果表明石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡是稳定安全的。有限单元法在岩质高边坡稳定性的计算分析中的应用,正处在完善和发展之中。它的计算分析正确与否或精确程度,很大程度上取决于对边坡岩体工程地质条件的正确理解和归纳概化,取决于计算参数的合理客观选取。     

Asymptotics in adaptive cluster sampling

In this article we consider asymptotic properties of the Horvitz-Thompson and Hansen-Hurwitz types of estimators under the adaptive cluster sampling variants obtained by selecting the initial sample by simple random sampling without replacement and by unequal probability sampling with replacement. We develop an asymptotic framework, which basically assumes that the number of units in the initial sample, as well as the number of units and networks in the population tend to infinity, but that the network sizes are bounded. Using this framework we prove that under each of the two variants of adaptive sampling above mentioned, both the Horvitz-Thompson and Hansen-Hurwitz types of estimators are design-consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. In addition we show that the ordinary estimators of their variances are also design-consistent estimators.     

Effects of whole spine alignment patterns on neck responses in rear end impact

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the whole spine alignment in automotive seated postures for both genders and the effects of the spinal alignment patterns on cervical vertebral motion in rear impact using a human finite element (FE) model.

Methods: Image data for 8 female and 7 male subjects in a seated posture acquired by an upright open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system were utilized. Spinal alignment was determined from the centers of the vertebrae and average spinal alignment patterns for both genders were estimated by multidimensional scaling (MDS). An occupant FE model of female average size (162 cm, 62 kg; the AF 50 size model) was developed by scaling THUMS AF 05. The average spinal alignment pattern for females was implemented in the model, and model validation was made with respect to female volunteer sled test data from rear end impacts. Thereafter, the average spinal alignment pattern for males and representative spinal alignments for all subjects were implemented in the validated female model, and additional FE simulations of the sled test were conducted to investigate effects of spinal alignment patterns on cervical vertebral motion.

Results: The estimated average spinal alignment pattern was slight kyphotic, or almost straight cervical and less-kyphotic thoracic spine for the females and lordotic cervical and more pronounced kyphotic thoracic spine for the males. The AF 50 size model with the female average spinal alignment exhibited spine straightening from upper thoracic vertebra level and showed larger intervertebral angular displacements in the cervical spine than the one with the male average spinal alignment.

Conclusions: The cervical spine alignment is continuous with the thoracic spine, and a trend of the relationship between cervical spine and thoracic spinal alignment was shown in this study. Simulation results suggested that variations in thoracic spinal alignment had a potential impact on cervical spine motion as well as cervical spinal alignment in rear end impact condition.     

航天器结构声振耦合问题的有限元-边界元方法数值仿真研究

针对高超声速、结构轻量化带来的航天器复杂结构声振耦合动力学环境难以精准预示问题,提出一种基于有限元-边界元(FEM-BEM)方法的声振耦合问题数值仿真方法。分析国内外求解声振耦合问题的主要数值仿真方法,从影响航天器性能设计的低中频声振耦合动力学特性入手,采用有限元-边界元方法,以航天器典型结构截锥壳为研究对象,开展混响噪声作用下的声振耦合研究。建立了声振耦合模型,获得了主体结构、主要支撑结构及设备的声振耦合响应。提出的数值仿真方法和仿真分析过程,为航天器声振耦合分析提供了理论基础和仿真手段。     

Testing Accuracy of Finite Element and Random Walk Schemes in Prediction of Pollutant Dispersion in Coastal Waters

Distribution of pollutants in coastal waters is usually represented by depth averaged twodimensional convection-dispersion equation. Under very specific conditions this equation can be solved analytically. Although such a solution is restricted to simplified situations it provides a very useful case for testing the performance of various numerical solution techniques currently available for the simulation of convective-dispersion of pollutants in natural water systems. In this paper the analytical solution of the convective dispersion equation is used as a benchmark against which the accuracy of other techniques are assessed. These assessments are based on quantitative comparisons between the results of the solution of two-dimensional convection-dispersion equation by the deterministic finite element and stochastic random walk methods. Both Eulerian and Lagrangian frameworks are employed to obtain the finite element solution of the convection-dispersion problem. It has been shown that the Lagrange–Galerkin finite element scheme yields the most accurate results for the case under study. However, computational costs of the Lagrange–Galerkin method can be relatively high and under certain conditions it may be reasonable to use a less accurate but cost effective random walk scheme to make water quality management decisions.