隧道型细水雾灭火系统在公路隧道的设计与应用

隧道火灾的防治一直是火灾科学研究的热点和难点.通过对公路隧道灭火技术的比较,指出细水雾灭火技术是适用于公路隧道消防保护的灭火技术.并在此基础上介绍了西欧一种新型的隧道型细水雾灭火系统,该系统采用模块化设计,每个保护区模块长18-20m,额定工作压力为1MPa,设计可靠、安装方便、维护成本低.在挪威Runehamar隧道开展了全尺寸实验,结果表明系统可成功控制和熄灭高达100MW的火灾.在全尺寸隧道火灾实验的基础上,进行了公路隧道内隧道型细水雾灭火系统的典型设计,为公路隧道细水雾灭火系统的应用及发展提供参考.     

冷库建筑防火设计分析一以宝源丰禽业有限公司特别重大火灾事故为例

分析总结了“6·3”吉林省长春市德惠市吉林宝源丰禽业有限公司主厂房特别重大火灾爆炸事故发生、蔓延、扩大及造成重大人员伤亡的主要原因,吸取其在消防设计、施工、验收中存在的经验教训。针对目前现行消防技术标准并结合工作实际,从火灾自动报警系统的设置、火灾探测器的选型、自动喷水灭火系统喷头的设置、建筑隔墙的设计施工、提高（保温）隔热材料的防火性能及施工等方面探讨了完善优化冷库建筑消防安全防火设计的措施,为有关消防技术标准规范的修订提供了参考。     

Socially induced delayed primiparity in brown bears Ursus arctos

Reproductive suppression through behavioral or physiological means is common in group-living and cooperative breeding mammals, but to our knowledge it has not been shown in wild large carnivores other than those with a clear form of social organization. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) females form matrilinear assemblages with related females using a common and largely exclusive area. Behavioral reproductive suppression might develop due to a hierarchical system among females within a matrilinear assemblage or due to inbreeding avoidance, because male brown bears can overlap with their daughters. We tested whether natal dispersal influenced the age of primiparity. We predicted that emigrant females, geographically removed from maternal or paternal influence, would reproduce earlier than philopatric females. The average age of primiparity was 4.3 years in females that dispersed outside their mother’s home range (n=8) and 5.2 years in philopatric females (n=10). Only the overlap with the mother’s home range, and not body size, body mass, growth, local population density, or overlap with the father’s home range, had a significant influence on the age of primiparity. The ultimate role of reproductive suppression for brown bears is likely to avoid inbreeding or to minimize resource competition. Due to the low risk of inbreeding and frequent exposure of young females to unrelated males, we conclude that resource competition within female hierarchies causes reproductive suppression in young females.     

modifications of ultradian and orcadian rhythms of fetal heart rate after fetal-maternal adrenal gland suppression: A double blind study

In order to verify whether fetal and maternal adrenal gland suppression induces effects on fetal behaviour, triamcinolone was administered to five healthy pregnant women at 35 weeks of gestation. Five patients of the same gestational age were used as control. Fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal movements were recorded continuously over 2-h interval by means of cardiotocography. After 3 weeks (38 weeks of gestation) the recordings were repeated without drug administration. Cortisol, adrenocorticotropin hormone, 17 β-estradiol and unconjugated estriol were measured at the same time every 2 h in maternal peripheral plasma. At 35 weeks we found a loss of circadian rhythms of the hormones investigated and modifications of ultradian and circadian patterns of FHR in the treated group with respect to the control. No differences in hormonal and biophysical parameters were found between the two groups after the end of treatment (38 weeks). These data suggest that the inhibition of fetal and maternal adrenal glands could cause modifications of FHR patterns.     

关于设立公共消防安全管理硕士教育的构想

消防安全是社会安定与经济发展的保证.提高公共消防安全管理水平,实现消防安全,是人心所向.然而,我国目前缺乏高层次消防管理人才,消防硕士教育中没有公共消防安全管理专业,这严重影响了公共消防安全管理水平的提高.本文认为,我国消防硕士教育专业设置不合理,提出了增设公共消防安全管理硕士的必要性和重要性,并提出了公共消防安全管理学科体系的构建与公共消防管理硕士课程体系的设置框架.     

国内医疗废物处置最佳可行性技术应用浅析

基于国际公约对最佳可行技术的有关要求,结合发达国家在医疗废物处置领域最佳可行技术的做法和经验,进行了国内医疗废物处置技术的可行性分析,并提出了我国医疗废物最佳可行技术选择建议。     

DMF抽提装置火灾爆炸危险性分析

运用美国道化学公司（DOW）火灾爆炸危险指数法（七版）,对中国石化北京燕山分公司合成橡胶厂DMF抽提装置的火灾爆炸危险性进行了分析评价,结合评价结果给出采取的对策和措施,以降低生产装置的危险陛。     

双旋喷雾除尘工艺治理选煤厂粉尘实践

粉尘问题是影响选煤厂高效安全洁净生产的重要问题。分析了粉尘产生和扩散的原因,根据选煤厂的实际采用密闭抑尘与双旋喷雾除尘相结合工艺治理粉尘污染。该工艺系统简单,运行可靠,投资少有较好的应用前景。     

火灾爆炸危险指数法在油库风险评价中的应用

油库由于储存物料的易燃易爆等特性,一般构成重大危险源,易于发生火灾爆炸事故,采用美国道化学公司的火灾爆炸危险指数法（FEI）,对油库火灾爆炸事故的危险性进行定量分析,计算火灾、爆炸危险指数（F＆EI）,确定油库火灾爆炸事故的影响范围,并针对事故影响范围内的设施制定防范措施,给出安全措施补偿系数,经安全措施补偿后,火灾、爆炸危险指数（F＆EI）减少,事故危险等级降低,事故影响范围缩小,为油库工程的风险管理提供理论依据。