Effect of acid precipitation on leaching of nutritionsand aluminium from forest soils

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SO2和氟化物对农作物的危害的鉴别与防治

SO2 和氟化物对农作物的危害可通过症状、镜检和受害叶片的化学分析来鉴别 ,并从风向、与污染源距离、障碍物和叶片成熟程度几方面与作物病虫等影响因素相区别。排放浓度、接触时和作物本身抗性是影响危害程度的主要因素。应从治理污染、选种抗性强树木、避开作物敏感生育期、合理种植、加强施肥等方面采取措施加以防治     

关于液化石油气码头泄漏火灾应急措施的探讨

分析了液化气泄漏火灾事故的特点，介绍了LPG的理化性质及其危险特性，提出了LPG码头泄漏处置和火灾扑救的方法。     

绿色化学浅议

绿色化学是更高层次的化学，其产生是为了避免或减少化学过程对人类健康和环境造成的危害，由此出现的技术是环境友好的技术。绿色化学的发展能节省资源、减少环境污染，并将成为可持续发展战略的核心内容之一。     

室内装潢、装饰污染的危害及其预防控制

建筑、装饰材料排放的甲醛、VOC、氨、氡等污染物会对人体健康造成危害,采用控制污染源、减少污染、使用绿色建材、营造健康空间可进行预防和控制。     

A Simulation of Temporal and Spatial Variations in Carbon at Landscape Level: A Case Study for Lake Abitibi Model Forest in Ontario,Canada

Using a case study of the Lake Abitibi Model Forest (LAMF), this study aims to assess the temporal and spatial variability in carbon storage during 1990–2000, and to present a comprehensive estimation of the carbon budget for LAMF's ecosystems. As well, it provided the information needed by local forest managers to develop ecological and carbon-based indicators and monitor the sustainability of forest ecosystems. Temporal and spatial carbon dynamics were simulated at the landscape level using ecosystem model TRIPLEX1.0 and Geographical Information System (GIS). The simulated net primary productivity (NPP) and carbon storage in forest biomass and soil were compared with field data and results from other studies for Canada's boreal forests. The results show that simulated NPP ranged from 3.26 to 3.34 tC ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in the 1990s and was consistent with the range measured during the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Studies (BOREAS) in central Canada. Modeled NPP was also compared with the estimation from remote sensing data. The density of total above-and belowground biomass was 125.3, 111.8, and 106.5 tC ha⁻¹ for black spruce, trembling aspen, and jack pine in the LAMF ecosystem, respectively. The total carbon density of forested land was estimated at 154.4 tC ha⁻¹ with the proportion of 4:6 for total biomass and soil. The analysis of net carbon balance of ecosystem suggested that the LAMF forest ecosystem was acting as a carbon sink with an allowable harvest in the 1990s.     

Effects of acid deposition on forests in south China

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｉｔｈｔｈｅｆａｓｔｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｏｆｍｏｄｅｒｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｄｓｈａｒｐｌｙｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｏｆｅｎｅｒｇｙｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｃｏａｌ，ａｉｒｐｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｎｄａｃｉｄｄｅｐｏｓｉｔ...     

Carbon Dioxide Balance of Wood Substitution: Comparing Concrete- and Wood-Framed Buildings

In this study a method is suggested to compare the net carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission from the construction of concrete- and wood-framed buildings. The method is then applied to two buildings in Sweden and Finland constructed with wood frames, compared with functionally equivalent buildings constructed with concrete frames. Carbon accounting includes: emissions due to fossil fuel use in the production of building materials; the replacement of fossil fuels by biomass residues from logging, wood processing, construction and demolition; carbon stock changes in forests and buildings; and cement process reactions. The results show that wood-framed construction requires less energy, and emits less CO₂ to the atmosphere, than concrete-framed construction. The lifecycle emission difference between the wood- and concrete-framed buildings ranges from 30 to 130 kg C per m² of floor area. Hence, a net reduction of CO₂ emission can be obtained by increasing the proportion of wood-based building materials, relative to concrete materials. The benefits would be greatest if the biomass residues resulting from the production of the wood building materials were fully used in energy supply systems. The carbon mitigation efficiency, expressed in terms of biomass used per unit of reduced carbon emission, is considerably better if the wood is used to replace concrete building material than if the wood is used directly as biofuel.     

Exploring the Theoretical Interface of Climate Change and Resource Dependency: Application to the Vulnerability of Boreal Forest Regions

This paper addresses the combined effects of two sources of disturbance on the boreal forest – climate change and the economic relations of industrial forestry. It describes a theoretical blueprint constructed of concepts from the theory of dissipative structures (derived from the discipline of physical chemistry) and world-systems theory (derived from the discipline of sociology) into a proposed integrated theory pivoting on the concept of social vulnerability. The goal is to examine the key concepts of this theory – vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity – as elements of the complex systems perspective provided by dissipative structure principles. The focus on social vulnerability provides the means to establish the role of external economic linkages relevant to industrial forestry – the core/periphery relations of the world-system – as they influence the social vulnerability of the boreal forest SESs. These systems are posited as embedded peripheries, following world-system criteria, and as the focal scale of analysis within a larger hierarchically organized dissipative structure. The goal is to suggest and stimulate ideas for further discussion and exploration, motivated by the premise that any successful climate change mitigation efforts depend on having sound theoretical foundations on which to stand.     

为防震减灾事业做好科普宣传--南京地震科学馆的建设与发展

从1989年江苏省第一届科普宣传周起,南京基准地震台都被列为宣传周期间重点对外开放单位.于是,南京地震台克服重重困难,筹建了地震科学馆.十多年来在江苏省地震局和有关单位的大力支持下,由最初腾出地震台的会议室和几间办公室发展到有530平方米的展室和多功能厅,展出内容也得到丰富.同时,地震科学馆在防震减灾宣传中取得了一定的社会效益.