Antecedents and outcomes of contingent workers' attitudes toward their temporary help services firm: A unit level longitudinal investigation

This study explored the unit‐level antecedents and outcomes of contingent workers' attitudes toward their temporary help services (THS) firm. It was proposed that (a) client‐orientation levels of the THS firm's full‐time staff would influence the level of support received by contingent workers, (b) staff supportiveness would be reciprocated by these workers in the form of favorable firm‐directed attitudes, and (c) contingent workers' attitudes toward the THS firm would influence two unit‐level outcomes—client reported service failure, and voluntary turnover rates of THS staff. Support was found for all the hypothesized relationships in a longitudinal study utilizing survey data gathered from 1324 full‐time employees, 570 contingent workers, and 1951 clients; and archival data on staff turnover from 46 strategic business units (SBUs) of a THS firm. These results are discussed within the context of employee–organization relationship (EOR), contingent workforce, and service management literatures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Impact of posture and upper-limb muscle activity on grip strength

Purpose. The current research was carried out to determine grip strength (GS) with change in posture and upper-limb muscle activity of manual workers and investigate the impacts of these changes. Methods. For the current research, 120 male and 80 female participants were selected and GS was assessed using a digital hand grip dynamometer in various conditions. Results. The outcomes showed that male participants had higher GS as compared to female participants. Maximum GS was found in a standing posture with the fixed forward shoulder at 45°, elbow at 90° and a neutral position of the wrist and forearm for all participants. Conclusions. Higher values of GS were attained in standing postures which may result in attainment of higher performance levels by the workers. The outcomes justify the importance of correct postures during manual work in industries employing traditional methods.     

Humanitarian governance and the consequences of the state‐fragility discourse in the Democratic Republic of Congo's health sector

This paper examines how the discourse on state fragility affects the preferences of key actors in humanitarian governance for different types of health‐sector interventions in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It argues that, instead of focusing on the actual meaning of state fragility, attention should be paid to interactive processes around the discourse among stakeholders in the health sector. The lack of consensus on state fragility influences humanitarian governance, especially the perceptions of and interactions between the host government, donors, and international non‐governmental organisations. The latter have legitimised the persistence of vertical, emergency‐based interventions by emphasising state fragility, whereas state officials have preferred to assert political statehood and a higher degree of control. Nevertheless, they agree that donors’ financial contributions ensure the survival of the public health sector. Looking ahead, a policy coalition based on harmonised views about addressing fragility is necessary for effective engagement and the sustainability of interventions, but this is unlikely to happen any time soon.     

炼厂职工安全心理状态研究

探讨了炼厂职工心理因素与安全生产的联系,阐述了可能诱发事故的几种心理状态,从心理学的角度剖析了不安全心理状态的产生原因,提出了安全对策。     

Humanitarians' ethics: the role of face-to-face experiences in humanitarian aid workers' motivation

This paper analyses the significance of specific ethical experiences for humanitarian aid workers' motivation. Following Emmanuel Levinas's understanding of ethics as arising from intersubjective face-to-face encounters, the study illuminates the experiential origins of the humanitarian commitment by analysing James Orbinski's memoir entitled An Imperfect Offering: Dispatches from the Medical Frontline. Orbinski, a former International Council President at Médecins Sans Frontières, was directly involved in humanitarian responses to several major crises during the 1990s, including those in Somalia, Afghanistan, Rwanda, and what was then Zaire. This paper explores three formative experiences from Orbinski's childhood and teenage years to analyse the personal ethics of humanitarian aid workers and to illuminate the intersection of the personal and professional level of humanitarian aid work. Illustrating that Orbinski's humanitarian commitment is a surrendering to the other's call, the paper argues for stronger inclusion of aid workers' lives and experiences to achieve a comprehensive understanding of humanitarian work.     

工业化和城镇化进程中农民工问题的新探索

在工业化与城镇化大背景下,探讨我国农民工发展的特点和问题.首先从大中城市的利弊分析入手,探讨了小城镇发展的特点和存在的问题,分析发展小城镇是引导农民工合理流动的根本途径;然后从我国产业结构的现状分析,指出随着第三产业比例的增加尤其是服务韭的快速发展极大地推进了农村劳动力的转移,总结了产业结构合理化是加大农民工的就业力度的关键;进而从体制上探讨如何改革城乡的二元结构问题.总之,要解决农民工的问题,就要从根本上解决农民工在流动、就业、安置上的问题,这就应该从国家的体制方面、政策方面及人的观念上进行全面深入的思考.作为一个发展中国家,工业化和城镇化是农村劳动力转移的最终推动力量,工业化和城镇化的发展战略就是为了合理稳步地推进农村劳动力的转移.     

Occupational Safety and Health Status of Sanitation Workers in Urban Areas: A Pilot Study From Wuhan,China

Sanitation workers ‘ workload increases quickly with rapid urbanization, but there is almost no evidence or policy recommendations for their management in developing countries. This study describes the health status and occupational protection of sanitation workers; it also explores risk factors related to their health status in Wuhan City, China. Three hundred and eighty-five sanitation workers from 54 streets of Wuhan were surveyed. Their prevalence of 2-week illness and arthritis was relatively higher than in the general population in China. Findings related to occupational protection showed that both sanitation workers (users) and their managers (providers) neglected the role of low-cost protection measures, especially masks, soap/hand sani-tizer and prejob training (use rate of 7.27%, 26.75% and 43.64%, respectively). High-intensity workload was an important risk factor for 2-week illness, and prejob training was an important protective factor against arthritis.     

高校宣传思想工作者要强化十种意识

高校宣传思想工作者要抓住宣传思想工作的根本问题，不断提高自身素质，尤其要强化相关意识：党性意识、人本意识、求真意识、服务意识、民主意识、导向意识、渗透意识、阵地意识、示范意识、创新意识。     

我国女职工劳动保护标准与国际劳工标准比较研究

中国“入世”后 ,其劳动标准问题与其他经济和社会领域中的问题一样 ,不可避免地越来越带有国际化的色彩。究竟我国的劳动标准处于何种水平 ?是低 ,是高 ?这需要针对劳动标准的各方面内容进行一系列的比较研究。我国女职工劳动保护标准作为劳动标准体系中的一个组成部分 ,一直是国际社会关注的热点问题之一。通过比较 ,可以认为 :就水平而言 ,我国法定的女工保护标准或者与国际标准类似 ,或者高于国际标准 ;就结构而言 ,二者的框架也大体相同。但鉴于国际劳工标准的发展趋势 ,我国女工保护标准也应考虑增加某些注重促进女工社会平等方面的内容 ,如家庭责任问题等。     

港口危险货物装卸作业人员安全行为能力影响因素研究

为全面加强港口危险货物装卸安全管理工作,促进危险货物安全生产形势持续稳定好转,以江苏省危险货物水路运输企业为依托,在文献调研和专家咨询的基础上,提出港口危险货物装卸作业人员安全行为能力影响因素基本模型;以问卷调查的方式评测安全行为能力影响因素,运用SPSS软件对问卷进行信度、效度检验;最后基于问卷检验结果和基本模型,构...