基于NetLogo平台的室内学生疏散过程仿真研究

为了保证学生在突发事件发生时能够安全迅速的疏散,本文基于多主体仿真平台NetLogo,利用瓦片建立真实教室模型,赋予海龟自主移动能力,对不同出口条件、不同人数的教室内学生疏散过程进行了模拟。计算结果表明,随着学生人数的增加,疏散用时随之增大,双出口条件学生疏散用时较单出口条件可平均节约53.8%,可提高学生的安全逃生概率,并利用计算结果对教室出口条件进行了优化。     

Harnessing the bonanza: economic liberalization and capacity building in the mineral sector

Over the past decade many developing and transition economies have liberalized their investment regimes for mining and privatized formerly state-owned mineral assets. In response, these economies have witnessed increased foreign investment in exploration and development, growth in the number and diversity of mineral projects, and the opening up of new channels for harnessing increased economic and social benefits from development in the minerals sector. The restructuring of fiscal and regulatory regimes to encourage foreign investment, and the associated influx of mining capital, technology and skills, is transforming traditional relationships between mining firms, local communities and the government. This transformation necessitates a re-evaluation of the most effective policy approaches to capture increased economic and social benefits from mineral production. This article considers effective mechanisms for improving the capacity of developing and transition countries to maximize the economic and social benefits of mineral production. Common challenges associated with minerals economies are reviewed. Consideration is given to the opportunities for harnessing foreign direct investment and the possibilities for creating new partnerships between local communities, industry, government, and multilateral development agencies through social investment projects. The article concludes with a series of recommendations for the design and implementation of policy approaches towards harnessing mineral production for economic and social benefit following the liberalization of investment regimes for mining.     

建设用地监管数据地理本体构建方法

针对建设用地监管数据多源异构特性,难以实现语义级数据集成共享的技术问题,开展建设用地监管数据地理本体构建技术研究,提出由地理概念类、地理属性、地理关系、地理实例、地理公理构成的五元组地理本体模型,面向地理信息领域特点和建设用地监管数据内容构建建设用地监管数据本体体系,提出建设用地监管数据地理本体构建方法,利用该模型和方法实现土地利用地类地理本体的构建,为实现建设用地监管数据基于数据语义级集成奠定基础.     

Between international donors and local faith communities: Intermediaries in humanitarian assistance to Syrian refugees in Jordan and Lebanon

This paper explores the crucial part that faith‐based organisations (FBOs) play in acting as intermediaries between international donors and local faith communities (LFCs) implementing humanitarian relief projects for Syrian refugees. Humanitarian responses to the mounting Syrian refugee crisis have coincided with greater collaboration between international donors and LFCs. This cooperation often is facilitated by a complex web of non‐state intermediaries at the international, national, and local level. This study probes the breadth of roles of these intermediaries, drawing on primary data from case studies of two Christian intermediaries supporting Christian LFCs as they deliver aid primarily to Muslim Syrian refugees in Jordan and Lebanon. The results of the study are connected to the wider literature on LFCs in humanitarian response, revealing how intermediaries address issues of accountability, capacity‐building, impartiality, neutrality, and professionalism. The paper concludes by offering suggestions for further research on intermediaries as key actors in the localisation of humanitarian assistance.     

城市建筑立体绿化建设初探

由于城市人稠地少环境污染严重，城市中的人们渴望回到大自然的怀抱，本文通过阐述城市立体绿化的必要性、绿化的方法等来说明城市建筑立体绿化已成为人们走向森林走向绿色的重要途径之一。     

住宅建筑的日照环境分析

根据日照理论,分析了住宅建筑在无遮挡情况下的日照变化和有遮挡情况下不同布局、水平位置以及楼层对日照的影响.住宅建筑的日照环境分析对于在住宅小区的规划设计工作中、房地产公司向客户提供商品房日照指标等方面有着重要的意义.     

南京典型古建筑的消防现状调查和消防对策

通过对江苏南京代表性古建筑朝天宫、甘熙故居、鸡鸣寺和净觉寺的实地深入调查,从结构、材料、内容、布局和环境等方面分析了古建筑普遍存在的火灾危险性,考察了古建筑中现代消防设施建设、消防资金投入、消防管理措施和现代消防材料和技术应用的现状,发现多数古建筑在消防防护方面仍处于保守、常规、落后和消极的状态。为实现对古建筑价值的最大限度保护,应从消防安全布局、消防站建设、消防通道设计、消防给水供应、消防通讯保障、消防装备配置等方面进行性能化设计和规划;在遵循“修旧如旧”的修缮和维护原则下,需要勇于尝试和接纳纳米材料等新型化学保护材料和技术。     

中国建筑火灾引起坍塌事故的统计与分析

为了研究火灾引起的建筑结构坍塌的机理,便于已有建筑的抗火防护和新建建筑的抗火设计,通过查询文献资料和新闻媒体报道,对我国建筑火灾坍塌事例进行了调查,对火灾坍塌建筑物的结构形式、层数和使用功能等方面进行了统计分析,列出了部分我国火灾史上1960-2005年所发生的火灾坍塌事例.调查结果显示,钢结构、特别是工业厂房钢屋架在火灾下较其他形式的建筑易发生坍塌;4～8层的民用建筑发生火灾坍塌的比例较高;工业厂房,仓库和商业建筑发生火灾坍塌的比例较高;民用建筑多发生局部坍塌;发生坍塌的建筑一般存在设计和施工不规范以及防火设施不合格等情况.     

建筑火灾危险性评估性能方法基本框架研究

以性能化建筑设计防火规范为背景,以现阶段消防安全工程学的实际发展水平和我国现行指令性建筑设计防火规范为基本出发点。初步建立了建筑火灾危险性评估性能化方法的基本框架,确定了这一框架所应具有的基本假定。主要特性、主要功能和三角形模块结构,并系统阐述了相应评估方法的基本内容。     

液化地区房屋震害预测

本文研究与液化区房屋震害预测有关的四个问题.对液化区房屋震害资料和经验进行了分析.给出了测定土壤震陷特性的标准试验方法,获得了各种土壤的震陷参数.提出了估计房屋震陷的简化分析方法.在这些工作的基础上,建立了一个预测液化区房屋震害的方法.