秦皇岛市城区园林绿化系统生态效益研究

针对秦皇岛市城区园林绿化系统的现状及存在的问题,提出了提高城市园林绿化生态效益要以人为本,要节约资源,坚持生态优先的原则,并针对当前绿化存在的问题提出了多项建议和对策。     

The impact of the Gulf crisis on Qatar's humanitarian sector

The 2017 Gulf crisis is one of the most challenging episodes faced by Qatar since its independence in 1971, with major economic, social, and political impacts on the Arab Gulf nation. Its economic prognosis has been brought into doubt, the map of regional alliances has been redrawn, and any prospects of deeper regional integration have been dashed. This paper analyses the little-documented impact of the crisis on Qatar's humanitarian sector, which has unfolded as the small, gas-rich emirate has striven to become a major humanitarian donor. It concludes that while there have been disruptions to humanitarian operations and regional coordination, the Gulf crisis has triggered and in some cases accelerated already intended reforms across the Qatari humanitarian sector. In the long term, the reorganisation and adaptation implemented to weather the storm of the crisis may help Qatar to emerge from the crisis with a more sustainable and resilient humanitarian sector.     

中国国土综合整治区划研究

基于对我国国土资源地域分异特点及其开发利用现状和存在问题的认识,根据一定的原则、依据和指标,采取“自上而下”区域划分和“自下而上”区域合并相结合的方法,借助计算机技术、G IS空间分析等手段,确立了我国国土综合整治区划的初步框架。然后,根据控制我国宏观地势格局的自然、经济等界线以及县级行政区划的完整性,对其进行进一步的调整和优化,确定各区的地域界限,进而提出一个覆盖我国陆地和海洋,包括11个国土整治区和56个国土整治亚区的中国国土资源综合整治区划系统,并编制完成了中国国土综合整治区划图。在此基础上,提出实施“菱形国土”总体规划的初步设想、区域协调发展的基本思路和国土综合整治的若干政策建议。     

Humanitarian War: A New Consensus?

The NATO bombing operation Allied Force against Yugoslavia in March-June 1999 represents the final disappearance of the narrowing divide between humanitarianism and politics: a war initiated and justified on humanitarian grounds. Although unlikely to be repeated any time soon, the Kosovo case appears to have cemented an ideological shift on the international right and even necessity of sing military force to protect civilians within sovereign states. Rather than humanitarians acknowledging the political context and consequences of their work, however, the case suggests the embrace of humanitarian principles of universality and neutrality by military organisations. This article discusses some consequences of the new consensus: neglect of the political context (both local and foreign) of such operations, interaction between the operational dynamics of relief operations and the logic of war and the political consequences of using the humanitarian legitimation and mission in such cases.     

区域环境空气质量预报的一般方法和基本原则

为响应公众服务和环境管理对环境空气质量预报的迫切需求,中国环境监测总站率先在京津冀区域开展了区域环境空气质量预报测试。结合目前积累的预报经验和国内外相关研究,探索出区域空气质量预报的一般方法和基本原则,讨论了客观订正环节中大气扩散条件、污染源排放、物理化学过程和空气质量变化规律的分析方法及系统建立、结果确定、天气控制形势分析和信息表述等基本原则,以期为各地开展环境空气质量预报提供技术参考。     

Index to Volume 23, 1999

In the 'chronically vulnerable areas ' (CVAs) of East Africa a smooth linear transition away from emergency programming towards rehabilitation and long-term development is difficult, if not impossible. This makes uncritical application of the 'relief-to-development ' continuum to programming unhelpful at best, and perhaps counter-productive. This paper is the result of CARE's efforts to review its own programmes – and those of some of its sister agencies – in chronically vulnerable areas in the East Africa region, to derive important lessons learned and to identify areas where improvements are needed. The paper focuses on strategic considerations and decision-making in relation to entry, programme design and strategies for transition and exit.     

Media Context and Reporting Opportunities on Climate Change: 2012 versus 1988

This paper asks why the extreme real-world weather events of the summer of 1988 created a social scare in the USA while the comparable weather impacts of 2012 did not. It uses these two summers to exemplify the importance of the broader context surrounding the media. The key background factors are: the dominant issue culture in which the media function; grassroots environmental social movements; and both political and scientific claims-making on climate change. The paper seeks to show that these factors affected reporting opportunities related to the formation of reproducing stories and the (investigative) stance assumed by the media.     

Rethinking access: how humanitarian technology governance blurs control and care

Surprisingly little attention is paid to the role of digital technology and related forms of data production, storage, processing, and sharing in humanitarian governance. This paper uses Michael Barnett's ( 2013 ) conceptualisation of humanitarian governance when arguing for a better accounting of technology in literature on humanitarian governance. Specifically, it proposes a two‐fold alertness to governance of (a) the uses of new technology and (b) that which is produced by digital technologies. This elucidates important issues, including that of access to digitalised data collected from humanitarian subjects, with implications for their (in)security. The paper concludes by suggesting that access is no longer ‘only’ about challenges of gaining access to vulnerable populations, but also about challenges of preventing access to vulnerable digital bodies and their use for aggressive purposes. In short, access and protection acquire a new dimension and analyses of humanitarian governance must be more attentive to the role of digital technology.     

安全法律法规核心作用原理及其方法论研究

为完善安全法学学科体系,提出安全法律法规核心作用原理的定义及其研究对象。提炼出安全法律法规核心作用原理下属4条原理:安全法治原理、安全规范原理、安全标准化原理、安全发展原理,并具体阐释这些原理的定义及内涵。基于霍尔方法论三维体系结构,同时运用安全工程等学科理论知识,构建安全法律法规方法论的四维体系结构。研究结果表明:学界可以从核心作用原理及其理论模型的角度对安全法律法规进行研究,同时也可以借助霍尔方法论对安全法律法规的方法论进行探讨。