Post-conflict health reconstruction: search for a policy

Despite increasing experience in health reconstruction in societies emerging from conflict, the policy basis for investing in the development of equitable and effective health systems in the wake of war remains unsettled. Consideration of post-conflict health reconstruction is almost entirely absent in donor policies on global health. Practically by default, health programmes are seen increasingly as an element of stabilisation and security interventions in the aftermath of armed conflict. That perspective, however, lacks an evidence base and can skew health programmes towards short-term security and stabilisation goals that have a marginal impact and violate the principles of equity, non-discrimination, and quality, which are central to sound health systems and public acceptance of them. A better approach is to ground policy in legitimacy, viewing health both as a core social institution and one that, if developed according to human rights principles, including equity, non-discrimination, participation and accountability, can advance the effectiveness and the quality of governance in the emerging state.     

良性发展论：可持续发展超越与丰富探析之三——良性发展的理论基础

本文在良性发展论：可持续发展超越与丰富探索之一，之二基础上，对良性发展的理论基础进行了讨论。     

用可持续发展原则解析消费者社会和现代市场体系

现代社会的主要特征体现在消费主义意识形态的扩展、技术手段无目的地自我循环 ,并由此而导致人类社会的发展危机。本文主要论述消费者社会以及支撑消费者社会的现代经济体系存在的问题和对人类谋求可持续发展的影响 ,并提出 ,若想维护自然生态环境并维持人类社会的持续发展 ,人类必须重塑生存价值、重新为自然立法     

安全心理学基础原理及其体系研究

心理学与安全生产有重要的关联性。基于安全科学原理体系现有研究成果及安全心理学研究背景,定义了安全心理学原理,并阐述了安全心理学原理的特征及其研究内容;归纳了安全心理学原理下属的6条基础原理——事故频发倾向原理、安全心理激励原理、心理阈值有限原理、安全认知原理、安全个性心理原理和安全生理心理原理,并论述了这6条原理的内涵及机理,对于部分原理进一步给出了其下属原理的研究思路;在构建安全心理学原理枝叶形体系的基础上,整理了安全心理学原理体系的应用机理,以及这6条原理在体系中各自的功能和地位;最后论述了这6条原理在安全工程实践中的意义。研究表明,该安全心理学原理体系对人员部署、制度规划、安全管理等安全生产层面有积极的影响。     

论国际救灾法中的效率原则

在国际救灾过程中,抢救和保护生命、健康、财产、环境的紧迫需要使救援效率成为国际救灾中的首要追求。这一要求必须在救灾法中得到体现。效率原则就是要求重大灾害发生后,国际社会应当以最快的速度提供国际援助,而受灾国则应当尽快地作出救灾响应,在国际救灾人员的签证、工作许可,资金、物资、设备等的建立账户、通关、运输、储存、分发、等...     

Industrial ecosystems — some conditions for success

SUMMARY

The development of Industrial Ecology (IE) is based on the philosophy that the two systems, the industrial system and the ecosystem operate through different principles of system development and on the philosophy that IE can serve to reduce the conflict between the two systems as it learns from the model of an ecosystem. In an IE, following the roundput analogy of a natural ecosystem, the industrial actors co-operate by utilising each other's waste material and energy flows and try and reduce the system virgin material and energy input as well as the waste and emission output. In a successful IE, a business-environment win-win might be possible because the raw material and energy costs, waste management costs, costs resulting from environmental legislation, as well as the image costs of the companies in the system and of the system as a whole, can be reduced. In this paper, the IE analogy includes the four basic principles of system development of ecosystems; roundput, diversity, locality and gradual change. The principles are understood as a potential direction in which Regional Industrial Ecosystem Management (RIEM) can be developed.     

地质灾害能量质环理论结构模式梗概

以地质灾害能量形成致灾根源为研究导向,论表观灾害形成机理的基础上,从灾害能量质环理论到地质灾害致灾根源作进一步升华探索.运用能量质环理论有针对性地加强对于地震、洪水、泥石流等各种地质灾害能量在介质中传播规律的研究；构建灾害能量传输、聚集成无数能量质点、质点相吸形成环链、环链相交形成能量断面,各个能量断面叠加形成能量破坏体,能量破坏体不断地传输与演化直至最终诱发下一次灾害等全过程循环系统；分析灾害能量在介质中传输及演变规律；提出灾害隔断原理,对防灾减灾工程提出实质性的建议.该项目研究打破了传统的非根源防灾理念,从致灾根源探索灾害的形成及灾害隔断预警.     

Some basic principles of grassland fire management

Fire management of grasslands is best executed based on an understanding of the fundamental properties of grassland components, structures, and environments, and the nature of fire behavior in grassland fuels. The art of controlled burning combines experience, practicality, empirical knowledge, and sensitivity, with the effects of fire, the role of fire (particularly under natural conditions), inherent climatic conditions, and sound ecological management objectives. Some of the properties, effects, roles, conditions, experiences, and objectives of grassland burning are presented.     

The politics of protection: aid, human rights discourse, and power relations in Kyaka II settlement, Uganda

This paper explores the conceptualisation and application of 'protection' by the United Nations High Commissioner (UNHCR), Ugandan government, and Congolese refugees in Kyaka II refugee settlement, Uganda. Analysing the origins and consequences of a demonstration against school fees, and drawing on other ethnographic data, it explores how different interpretations of this incident reflect different conceptions of, and approaches to, protection. Ugandan government officials viewed the demonstration as a security incident; Congolese and Ugandan adults responded with increased monitoring and 'sheltering' of children and young people; students justified the demonstration as a legitimate manifestation of their rights; while UNHCR promoted assistance and resettlement. The paper argues that prevailing protection responses, including 'sensitisation', sheltering, and resettlement, are de-contextualised from daily realities and fail to address the underlying power relations that undermine protection. It concludes with recommendations on how international refugee agencies can reorient assistance to address protection concerns in refugee contexts.     

灾害经济研究综述

本文在查阅了大量灾害科学方面的专著、期刊、学位论文和其它文献资料的基础上,对灾害经济学的定义、中外灾害经济的研究现状、灾害经济的基本规律和原理、灾害经济的评价方法、灾害经济学研究内容等六个方面进行了综述和基础理论探讨