组合钢管混凝土式防屈曲支撑

由于河北省图书馆加固改造工程的实际需要,开发出了一种新型组合钢管混凝土式防屈曲支撑。该新型支撑解决了全钢型防屈曲支撑在大长度时难以满足稳定性的问题,而且比起传统钢管混凝土约束的防屈曲支撑,无需考虑内芯与混凝土之间的粘结力问题,加工过程简便、施工速度快,且质量容易控制。现已对此类新型支撑完成了短试件和足尺试件的拟静力滞回性能试验,试验结果表明,新型支撑的滞回曲线饱满稳定,整体稳定性和局部稳定性较好,满足工程要求。     

弹性滑移支座力学性能的试验研究

介绍了弹性滑移支座的原理、构造和特点;通过对其在不同工况下的性能试验,研究了竖向荷载、位移幅值以及加载频率对弹性滑移支座力学性能的影响,并给出了试验值与理论计算值之间的对比。研究结果表明:弹性滑移支座具有良好的工作性能,滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力强;竖向荷载和加载频率对弹性滑移支座的力学性能有一定的影响,而位移幅值对其影响较小;弹性滑移支座的恢复力模型,可以用考虑速度的指数摩擦力模型来描述,并且模拟得较为准确。     

等效阻尼比对基于位移的抗震设计的影响分析

等效阻尼比是基于位移抗震设计中确定等效周期的一个关键参数。通过对不同研究者提出的等效阻尼比模型进行比较研究,重点讨论了滞回模型、延性系数和等效周期对等效阻尼比的影响。结果表明,不同等效阻尼比模型的总体变化趋势是一致的;滞回模型对等效阻尼比有很大影响,Ramberg-Osgood模型的等效阻尼比是Flagshaped模型的2.56倍;等效阻尼比随着延性系数的增大而增大,尤其在μ=2～4范围内变化幅度最大;短周期与中长周期等效阻尼比相差2倍多,故等效周期小于1 s时,必须考虑其对等效阻尼比的影响。     

土地利用方式和施肥管理对黑土物理性质的影响

为了探讨东北黑土区土壤水分的调控能力及其影响因素以及土壤水分对降水和不同植被覆盖的响应,以海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站内的长期定位试验为基础,利用中子水分仪测定土壤体积含水量,研究裸地、休闲地以及包括单施有机肥、化肥+秸秆还田、单施化肥和不施肥4种处理的农田耕层土壤物理性质和土壤水分动态.结果表明:与休闲地相比,农田土壤容重增加7.47％,而孔隙度、饱和含水量和田间持水量均呈降低趋势,分别下降2.59、6.04和1.90百分点;肥料的施入尤其是施用有机肥和秸秆还田能够改善土壤物理性质;裸地土壤物理性质最差.由于植被耗水量较大,农田和休闲地土壤剖面年平均体积含水量显著低于裸地,施用化肥和秸秆还田可显著降低农田土壤剖面年平均体积含水量.各处理土壤剖面水分变异系数均随土壤深度的增加(0～70 cm深处)而呈先减小后增加趋势.由于植被生长的耗水作用,休闲地和农田土壤水分变化比裸地强烈,秸秆还田加剧了农田土壤水分的变异.土壤储水量的动态变化与降水量之间存在明显相关性,不同土地利用方式和施肥管理对浅层土壤储水量的影响较大,但随着土壤深度的增加,各处理对土壤储水量的影响越来越不明显.     

Nature of property rights and motivation for blue growth: An empirical evidence from the fisheries industry

If unauthorized resource use is prevented, managing marine resources by allocating property rights may match economic and environmental conservation incentives. However, because of the developing exploitation of marine resources and accompanying pollution, species' living conditions in Europe's waters are changing more quickly than before. By considering the roles of fisheries productivity, intellectual property rights, intellectual capital rights, market size, governance, and economic growth from 1990 to 2022, this paper aims to investigate the dynamic effect of property rights factors on the sustainability of the fisheries industry in 27 European countries. At higher quantiles, the findings showed a significant positive association between governance and fisheries sustainability adopting a new method, the MMQR with fixed effects, the Method of Moments Quantile Regression. In addition, in EU27 nations, the impact of intellectual property rights was favorable and statistically significant from the first to ninth quantiles. The findings show that the EU14 developed nations have more excellent governance and intellectual capital rights than the EU13 developing countries, significantly benefiting fisheries sustainability. In the same way that market size and economic growth condense fisheries sustainability in EU14 developed and EU13 developing countries, it has been discovered that intellectual property rights do the same across all quantiles, supporting the growth hypothesis for fisheries-producing countries. The findings specifically show that the beneficial solid impact of intellectual property rights, market size, and economic development on the sustainability of fisheries is more significant in EU13 developing nations than in EU14 developed countries. These results provide policymakers with helpful information for promoting property rights aspects in EU14 and EU13 nations via effective green technologies in the fisheries sector to meet sustainable development objectives.     

配式钢混拱桥钢板加固立柱节点抗震研究

为研究装配式钢筋混凝土拱桥腹孔墩柱节点在地震荷载作用下的力学性能和破坏机理,通过拟静力试验和数值模拟计算,对比分析了立柱节点未加固、钢板加固两种情况下的抗震性能.设计制作8mm的钢板加固试件,采用拟静力试验得到试件的滞回曲线、等效阻尼比、初始刚度、荷载-位移骨架曲线作为衡量结构的耗能能力的指标.建立了装配式钢筋混凝土拱...     

HAN基ECSP凝胶模型的构建与分子动力学模拟

目的 从微观分子的角度对硝酸羟胺(HAN)基电控固体推进剂(Electrically Controlled Solid Propellants,ECSP)的性能参数进行模拟与计算。方法 利用分子表面静电势(ESP)对HAN分子2种可能的构型进行优化和稳定性分析。通过真空非周期性分子动力学模拟得到聚乙烯醇(PVA)分子稳定构型,并以HAN基ECSP的主要成分按一定比例构建凝胶模型。基于RESP(Restrained Electrostatic Potential)电荷生成更准确的凝胶模型拓扑文件,并进行凝胶模型的分子动力学模拟、模型稳定分析以及模型参数计算。结果 凝胶模型总能量相对平均值的周期性波动不超过7%。由于三维PVA链的包裹,H2O分子的扩散系数被大幅削弱。氢键分析和径向分布函数表明氢键键长主要分布在0.282 6 nm附近,PVA与H2O间的氢键较少,H2O与HAN、H2O与H2O之间的氢键较多。模型密度为1.405 g/cm³,与实验值吻合度高。在283、293、303 K下,HAN基ECSP凝胶模型的拉伸模量依次降低,剪切模量先增后减。在15 K/600 ps冷却速率下,HAN基ECSP凝胶模型的拉伸模量和剪切模量均增大。结论 ECSP制备结束后,冷却过程中的环境温度不宜过高,否则容易造成ECSP力学性能的快速下降,快速冷却可以提高ECSP的力学性能。     

基于热带海洋大气环境下机载PCB板的环境适应性对比研究

目的 通过机载PCB板(Printed Circuit Board,PCB)在热带海洋大气环境下的腐蚀老化特征和电气性能退化规律分析,研究其在热带海洋大气环境下的环境适应性。方法 根据热带海洋大气环境中PCB板的实际使用环境大多为舱室内部封闭或半封闭的情况,分别设计并开展海南万宁海洋平台棚下暴露场和某海域环境户外简易遮蔽玻璃框下3 a的自然环境试验。结果 PCB板的焊点、焊盘、印制导线以及引线头等部位在2种试验环境中均出现了不同程度的腐蚀破坏,试验后期,所有部位的腐蚀程度全部达到了4级,导通电阻从几十毫欧增大至几十兆欧,绝缘电阻从10 GΩ以上降低至几兆欧。结论 在万宁站试验2 a和某海域试验3 a后,PCB板均不满足耐电压的技术要求(500 V交流电压60 s),万宁海洋平台棚下暴露场对PCB板的环境适应性更为严酷。     

经常性暴雨内涝区域房屋财(资)产脆弱性研究——以温州市为例

基于洪涝灾害脆弱性研究基本思路,选择经常性暴雨内涝区域——温州市麻步镇和水头镇,就0908号台风"莫拉克"影响开展"暴雨内涝灾后房屋财产和商业资产损失"抽样问卷调查。结果表明:淹没区域平均水深1.7m,平均淹没时间超过2 d,房屋财(资)产损失较大;经常性暴雨内涝区域30%住户和商铺灾害损失值和灾损率接近0,房屋财产和商业资产灾损率呈现乘幂函数曲线。     

The potential of current legal structures to support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander interests in the Australian bush food industry

There are complex connections between Australia’s native plants and first peoples, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The maintenance of these connections is central to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture and well-being and the tangible realisation of Australian policy commitments. Diverse cultural connections combine with other motivations to underpin an array of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander interests in the commercial development of traditional plant foods (‘bush foods’). Despite nation-wide policy support for these interests, there is no national legal framework to support them. This fortifies the popular call for a new (sui generis) law that transforms the interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples into enforceable legal rights. It is unclear the extent to which a single sui generis law might help Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples realise their diverse interests in the development of gourmet bush food products and new bush food varieties. It is also unlikely that Australia will implement such a law in the near future. This paper offers a preliminary study of the capacity of current legal structures to support some key Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander interests that might arise in these two development contexts. The study can inform the future development of practical legal strategies to support the diverse interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the bush food industry.