洗涤剂磷对日本三角涡虫生长的影响

观察了含磷量不同的洗衣粉溶液对日本三角涡虫生长的影响。结果表明:无论洗衣粉含磷量高低对日本三角涡虫生长均有毒害影响,且高磷洗衣粉对涡虫的毒害远大于低磷洗衣粉,磷量的增加与涡虫死亡率呈正相关。实验中,自来水对照组对涡虫生长无影响。     

关于建设(开发)项目环境影响评价报告书编制两个版本的思考

为充分发挥环境影响评价报告书的作用，提出应在环境影响报告书技术版的基础上编制一个面向领导决策者和公众的参考版。并就参考版的主要内容及编制应注意的问题进行了概述。     

GIS技术在环境影响评价中的应用

为了研究地理信息系统(GIS) 在环境影响评价中的应用,在介绍地理信息系统的组成、类型、功能和应用领域的基础上,分析了GIS 技术在环境影响评价中的优势.从项目环境影响评价(EIA) 的局限性出发,简述了目前EIA 的研究现状,同时概述了地理信息系统(GIS) 的功能和应用,重点讨论了环境影响评价领域中应用地理信息系统的现状、必要性及其展望.     

岳山银铅锌矿床地球化学特征

本文通过对硫同位素、铅同位素、稀土元素、微量元素的研究，总结了安徽岳山银铅锌矿床的地球化学特征，并探讨了其成因，认为该矿床为火山一次火山气液作用形成的中低温热液型银铅锌矿床。     

Evaluation of the california environmental quality act

The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) has evolved from a mini-NEPA, first enacted in 1970, into a procedural act that affects the approval process of all large developments in California. In 1990, California local governments produced over 1600 environmental impact reports and 30,000 initial studies under CEQA. Because of its widespread use, CEQA has periodically drawn the attention of the state legislature, most recently in 1993, when over 60 CEQA reform bills were introduced. This paper describes the CEQA process and evaluates its success at meeting its explicit and implicit goals. The research includes a statewide survey of CEQA practice, sent to the planning departments of all 513 local governments in California in 1991. Survey respondents agreed that CEQA helps in evaluating environmental impacts, reducing impacts, informing the public, and coordinating public agency review. It is effective in reducing the environmental impacts of individual projects, but is not as effective in improving environmental quality on an areawide scale. This research concludes that CEQA has led to positive outcomes and is not as deeply flawed as many of its critics claim. Still, CEQA as currently designed may not be the optimal vehicle for ensuring environmental quality.     

Greenhouse impacts of anthropogenic CH4 and N2O emissions in Finland

The Finnish anthropogenic CH₄ emissions in 1990 are estimated to be about 250 Gg, with an uncertainty range extending from 160 to 440 Gg. The most important sources are landfills and animal husbandry. The N₂O emissions, which come mainly from agriculture and the nitric acid industry are about 20 Gg in 1990 (uncertainty range 10–30 Gg). The development of the emissions to the year 2010 is reviewed in two scenarios: the base and the reduction scenarios.According to the base scenario, the Finnish CH₄ emissions will decrease in the near future. Emissions from landfills, energy production, and transportation will decrease because of already decided and partly realized volume and technical changes in these sectors. The average reduction potential of 50%, as assumed in the reduction scenario, is considered achievable.N₂O emissions, on the other hand, are expected to increase as emissions from energy production and transportation will grow due to an increasing use of fluidized bed boilers and catalytic converters in cars. The average reduction potential of 50%, as assumed in the reduction scenario, is optimistic.Anthropogenic CH₄ and N₂O emissions presently cause about 30% of the direct radiative forcing due to Finnish anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This share would be even larger if the indirect impacts of CH₄ were included. The contribution of CH₄ can be controlled due to its relatively short atmospheric lifetime and due to the existing emission reduction potential. Nitrous oxide has a long atmospheric lifetime and its emission control possiblities are limited consequently, the greenhouse impact of N₂O seems to be increasing even if the emissions were limited somehow.     

活性炭膜处理工业废水的试验研究

将活性炭膜与常规弹性材料同时作为生物接触氧化处理工艺的填料,分别加装在相同条件的两套接触氧化池中,采用生物接触氧化处理工艺,在同样的条件下处理工业废水,经过对试验数据的对比分析得出:以活性炭膜为填料,处理废水的能力更强,净化效果更好。     

累积影响评价研究进展

本文详细介绍了国内外累积影响评价理论、实践研究情况，指出当前取得的成果及存在的问题，并针对这些问题，提出今后我国累积影响评价研究的一些建议。     

三维电极电解硝基苯废水处理实验研究

以涂膜活性炭-活性炭为填充粒子,对三维电极电解硝基苯废水进行了研究。通过实验探讨了投盐量、槽电压、主电极间距、反应时间及初始浓度对电解硝基苯废水的影响。结果表明,三维电极在电极间距为9mm、槽电压为20V、硫酸钠投加量为1.5g/L、pH值为6、电解时间为90min的条件下,硝基苯去除率可达90%以上。在三维电极电解作用下,硝基苯转化为可生化和低毒的苯胺,苯胺在三维电极电解作用下还可以得到进一步的降解。     

基层环境影响评价工作存在的问题与对策

目前环境影响评价普遍存在滞后现象和水平低及周期长等问题,提出广泛开展环评法宣传教育;加强环评队伍建设,提高环评人员的素质;把环评纳入总量控制轨道,突出浓度与总量同时评价;大众参与以及进一步规范和完善环境影响报告书的审批等对策与措施.