浅谈实施ISO14001认证的经济效益

ＩＳＯ１４００１认证的根本目的是“节能降耗，减少污染，保护环境”。由于市场驱动的影响，由于实施标准必须要建立并运行环境管理体系，实施ＩＳＯ１４００１认证必然产生较大经济效益。我国１５个认证企业仅节能降耗一年间就产生５．２亿元的经济效益。     

公路可持续发展若干问题分析

根据可持续发展发展内涵的代际公平性、资源限制性、发展协调性和质量效益型发展要求，分析了湖北省公路发展现状，提出了“代际单元”概念，提出了考虑代际公平的决定性影响，对公路设计、施工和营运三个阶段中环境保护的实施进行了打分评价，得出了公路目前还远离可持续发展状态的结论，强调了公路实施可持续发展的要点。     

大亚湾惠州岸段城市化发展与海岸带生态系统保护协调研究

在分析海岸带生态系统结构、功能特点的基础上，指出大亚湾惠州岸段可持续发展的途径就是实现经济开发与海岸带生态环境保护之间的协调发展，为此，提出了区域生态－－经济系统综合效益表达工，并运用该表达式，从大亚湾海水环境保护的角度出发，得出了惠州大亚湾沿岸地区在１９９４年－２０１０年间工业发展的合理速度。     

完善公司治理,强化信息披露--索克斯法案的简介与评点

2002年7月美国通过了关于会计和公司治理一系列重大改革的索克斯法案(SOX Act),该法案以加强公司治理、强化信息披露为核心,主要内容是强化对高级管理人员的监管和防止外部审计失败.本文简单系统地介绍和分析了该法案中重要措施的相关内容和出台的原因,以期对我国当前公司治理和审计业发展有所启迪和帮助.     

生命价值：无需回避评估

治理环境污染的主要效益是健康效益，即降低发病率和死亡率，但治理污染要消耗稀缺资源（经济成本）。在涉及污染与健康的环境费用效益分析中，社会必须权衡经济收入与生命价值，估价生命价值有４种方法：人力资本法、工资隐含价格法，防护费用法和实验评价法，可以从不同途径评估中国人生命价值。     

Bioenergy to mitigate for climate change and meet the needs of society,the economy and the environment

Changes towards environmental improvementsare becoming more politically acceptableglobally, especially in developedcountries. Society is slowly moving towardsseeking more sustainable productionmethods, waste minimisation, reduced airpollution from vehicles, distributed energygeneration, conservation of native forests,and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions. Modern biomass, when used tosupply useful bioenergy services, has arole to play in each one of theseenvironmental drivers at both the large andsmall scales.This paper describes recent developments inbiomass supply and the technologies for itsconversion to bioenergy including biofuelsfor transport. It examines the economic,environmental and social benefits andidentifies barriers to bioenergy projectimplementation. Future opportunities forbiomass as a carbon (C) sink, a C offsetand a potential source of renewablehydrogen are discussed.Whether or not a bioenergy project iseconomically viable, as well as being trulyrenewable, sustainable and environmentallysound, is determined mainly by the sourceof biomass. The social benefits from usingbiomass are also valuable, though they areoften not clearly presented when proposingnew bioenergy projects or conductinganalyses of existing plants. Employmentrates per MWh or per GJ exceed those whenusing fossil fuel supplies to provide thesame energy service. `Ownership' bystakeholders and local communities at anearly stage in the development process isthe key to successful project developmentin order to share the benefits. Bioenergyhas a significant global role to play inthe mitigation of atmospheric GHG concentrations.     

循环冷却水高浓缩倍率处理技术在电厂的应用研究

随着淡水资源的日益紧缺,如何提高水资源的利用率以达到节约用水的目的引起更高的关注.基于河南某电厂循环冷却水浓缩倍率仅为2.0的现状,选取两种新型高效的水处理药剂(1号、2号).经试验研究确定处理效果更佳的1号药剂为选择药剂,并确定最佳投药量为8 mg/l.将1号药剂应用到实际工程中,循环水浓缩倍率提高至6.5以上,节省了大量的水资源,同时减少废水的排放量,为该电厂带来了良好的经济和环境效益,也为类似工程的建设提供一定的参考作用.     

基于低碳效益的微电网能量优化调度

根据微电网中各分布式电源(DG)的特点,综合考虑各DG的安装、运行、维护成本、碳排放治理成本以及风电、光伏补贴等,分别构建各微源的低碳综合成本模型,在满足系统约束的条件下,提出一种计及微电网低碳效益的能量优化调度模型。深入挖掘微电网的低碳效益,确定微电网优化调度运行策略,依据构建的调度模型,应用混沌粒子群算法(CPSO)解决各个实用的运行策略中的优化调度问题。通过仿真验证了模型和算法的有效性,并对各运行策略及大电网供电对比分析,证实微电网的低碳效益明显。     

矿井主扇合理匹配安全及经济效益分析

部分矿井由于受到各方面因素影响,实际生产能力不能达到设计生产能力,有些采区安装的主要通风机的通风能力大于采区实际需要风量,即主要通风机匹配的电动机不合理,不但造成经济效益的损失,而且影响矿井的本质安全。本文以嘉禾煤矿浦溪井为例,通过简述矿井主要通风机与电动机匹配的合理改造,分析其运行效果和对矿井安全的影响;并浅述改造后的经济效益。     

Greener growing: assessing the influence of gardening practices on the ecological viability of community gardens in South East Queensland,Australia

While claims about the environmental benefits of community gardens abound, few researchers have systematically assessed the ecological integrity of gardening practices. This study investigated gardening practices in 50 community gardens in Brisbane and Gold Coast cities, Australia. The study aimed to better understand how gardening practices might affect the ecological viability of community gardens. Factors investigated included: garden bio-physical characteristics, operators’ motivations, gardeners’ socio-demographic backgrounds, garden facilities and types of plants grown. Two broad types of gardens were identified: permaculture (21 gardens) and non-permaculture (29 gardens). Permaculture gardens used lower-impact gardening practices. Findings have policy implications for environmental planning and management.