两株降解芘的分枝杆菌的筛选鉴定及降解性能

为获得芘降解细菌,从中国南方地区采集了受PAHs严重污染的土壤与污泥样品.利用平板升华法,分离到2个菌株W52和W74.经形态观察、生理生化试验和16S rDNA的序列分析,2个菌株被鉴定为分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium sp.).在含芘膜的固体平板上培养,W52和W74在23d中降解芘分别达到13.2Iμg和11.8μg.在含芘50mg·L-1和lOOmg·L-1的无机盐液体中培养,2d时W52的芘降解率达57.8%和20.5%.W74达19.2%和4.O%;随着培养时间的延长,芘降解率不断提高;在第10ci时W52的芘降解率分别达到96.3%和82.3%,W74达83.8%和64·5%.在固体和液体条件下降解芘的结果表明,W52降解芘的能力强于W74.鉴于W52和W74末端双加氧化酶中编码a大亚基的nida基因存在明显差异,推断二者降解芘的能力不同与它们的末端双加氧酶有关.     

Modeling of explosion dynamics in vessel-pipe systems to evaluate the performance of explosion isolation systems

Explosion isolation systems provide critical protection for interconnected vessels and work areas, preventing the spread of explosions through interconnecting pipes and ducts. These systems not only prevent propagating events, but also mitigate the elevated explosion hazards of interconnected vessels, related to pressure piling and enhanced turbulence. Explosion isolation systems can, however, fail catastrophically when they are not properly designed for a use case.Evaluating the performance of explosion isolation systems includes assessing their pressure resistance, flame-barrier efficacy, and determining appropriate installation distances, which typically requires extensive testing. To predict the performance of a system for use cases outside the tested conditions, models are needed to reliably predict both the explosion dynamics and the isolation system response.In this study, a physics-based model for explosion dynamics in vented vessel-pipe systems is developed and validated. An extensive series of large-scale validation experiments were conducted, including tests using an 8 m³ vessel with attached pipes, varying the pipe dimensions, ignition location, and mixture reactivity. The model accurately captures the effects of experimental parameters and predicts the time available for isolation systems to form a flame barrier. This model can help to predict installation distances and reduce the number of tests needed to comprehensively evaluate explosion isolation systems and their use cases.     

基于VOCs浓度反演的地下水中含油物质泄漏原位在线监测方法的建立及应用

石油石化企业的含油物质泄漏进入地下水,会对生态环境造成负面影响。通过构建地下水井模型,比选不同原理的挥发性有机物(VOCs)检测传感器,建立了基于VOCs浓度反演的地下水中含油物质泄漏原位实时在线监测方法。研究发现,常规水质六参数传感器对含油物质泄漏的响应会产生滞后现象,在实时预警监测地下水井中含油物质时可不安装常规水质六参数传感器,节约企业污染防控监测成本。将该方法应用于企业现场进行原位实时监测,当实时监测值超过数据监控平台预警阈值时,系统会发出警报,实现了地下水井中含油物质泄漏实时预警监测。该监测方法具有响应速度快、准确性高、成本低、监测过程简单等优势,将帮助企业实时掌握地下水污染状况,提高地下水污染防控预警效率。     

解淀粉乳酸细菌在厨余垃圾乳酸发酵中的应用

研究了水解淀粉乳酸细菌对厨余垃圾发酵生产乳酸的强化作用.从厌氧发酵的厨余垃圾中分离到6株水解淀粉的乳酸细菌,其中菌株FH164具有最高的淀粉降解率和乳酸产量.在pH5.5～6.0条件下,经48h发酵,菌株FH164从40.50g·L^-1的可溶性淀粉产生32.67g·L^-1的乳酸.根据形态、生理生化特征和16SrDNA序列分析结果,可将菌株FH164鉴定为链球菌属(Streptococcus sp.)细菌.接种菌株FH164可强化厨余垃圾的乳酸发酵,采用垃圾不灭菌的开放式发酵,菌株FH164可得到28.23g·L^-1的乳酸,比自然发酵(不接种的对照)的乳酸浓度高19.2%.     

盾构切削桩引起的桩基承载特性变化及可行性研究

为分析兰州地铁盾构隧道穿越既有桥梁工程方案的可行性,采用有限元数值模拟,研究盾构施工切削桩引起的桩基承载特性变化,分析盾构切削桩基前后桩体轴力、侧摩阻力和弯矩变化,探讨地表及桩基的位移变化.结果表明:直接切削桩将导致桩顶荷载重分布,隧道两侧1,4号桩桩顶荷载增大且增大19.3％ ～26.7％,而切断桩荷载减小且减小25...     

用弹性模量缩减法分析刚架结构的极限承载力

首先,综合考虑单元的内力和屈服强度,定义了单元承载比、承载比均匀度以及基准承载比等参数的概念和计算表达式;在此基础上,根据相邻迭代步变形能守恒关系,研究建立弹性模量的调整计算公式,建立了一种新型的弹性模量调整策略;进而提出了刚架结构极限承载力分析的弹性模量缩减法,即通过系统地调整高承载比单元的弹性模量来确定结构的极限荷载下限值。该方法对于结构的局部破坏模式及整体破坏模式分析均具有较好的适用性。算例分析表明,本文方法具有较高的计算精度和计算效率。