校准曲线的系统处理方法

对校准曲线通过标准化余差法进行点位离群检验，通过相关系数相关性检验，对截矩进行检验，根据检验结果确定出基本上消除系统误差，随机误差较小的回归方程。     

电弧防护服性能测试及影响因素研究

针对电力行业电弧引发的事故,电弧防护服相关标准开始制定并逐步完善。现有电弧防护性能的标准测试方法包括开弧测试和盒式测试,针对不同形式的电弧,测试方式仍在不断发展。电弧防护性能的最常用的衡量指标是电弧热性能值ATPV。对于不同工作场所电弧服的选择是基于对工作现场的危害评级。最后文章总结了电弧防护服性能影响因素的研究,包括电弧防护性、热湿舒适性和作业适应性。未来的电弧防护服的开发会朝向更安全、低成本、更舒适的方向进行。     

What do significance tests really tell us about the environment?

Routine application of significance tests does not extract the maximum information from environmental data and can lead to misleading conclusions. Reasons leading to this are: a significant result can often be reached merely by collecting enough samples; a statistically significant result is not necessarily practically significant; and reports of the presence or absence of statistically significant differences for multiple tests are not comparable unless identical sample sizes are used. These problems are demonstrated by application to pH data for grazed and retired fields, and by discussion of significance tests used in recent US regulations for groundwater quality. The advantages of equivalence tests, where the tester must state the difference of practical difference, are discussed and applied to the field pH problem. We recommend that environmental managers and scientists pay more attention to statistical power and decide on what is a practical difference. Confidence intervals for the size of the differences, accompanied where necessary by equivalence tests, are the preferred means of addressing the question: “is there a difference of practical significance?”     

前兆异常与地震相关性研究—— 一个值得广大地震学者重视的问题

简要介绍了前兆异常与地震相关性定量分析方法,并列举了在进行这方面研究中目前存在的薄弱环节和困难,以期引起广大地震分析预报人员的重视。     

流场状态对渡槽槽体结构风载体形系数的影响

对矩形和U形渡槽槽体在均匀流场和湍流场中各取不同的高宽比进行了风洞试验,分别测量了槽内有水和无水两种情况下槽体各个部位的风压系数,进而算得了渡槽结构的风载体型系数.试验结果表明,湍流对渡槽槽体结构风载体形系数有显著影响,研究成果可为渡槽结构的抗风设计提供参考依据.     

Intrinsic and Stimulated In Situ Biodegradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)

The feasibility of the biodegradation of HCH and its intermediates has been investigated. A recent characterisation of two sites in The Netherlands has shown intrinsic biodegradation of HCH. At one site, breakdown products (monochlorobenzene, benzene and chlorophenol) were found in the core of the HCH-plume, whereas the HCH-concentration decreased over time and space. Characterisation of a second, industrial site indicated less intrinsic biodegradation and the need to stimulate biodegradation. In the laboratory, enhanced HCH degradation was tested with soil and groundwater material from both sites, and the required conversion to the intermediates benzene and monochlorobenzene was demonstrated. Furthermore, the biodegradation of these intermediates could be initiated by adding low amounts of oxygen (<5%). Adding nitrate enhanced this degradation. We hypothesise that this occurs through anaerobic nitrate reducing conversion of oxidised intermediates.At the non-industrial other site, intrinsic degradation took place, as shown in the laboratory experiments. Interpretation of the field data with computer codes Modflow and RT3D was performed. As a result of the modelling study, it has been proposed to monitor natural attenuation for several years before designing the final approach.At the industrial site, the results of the batch experiments are applied. Anaerobic HCH degradation to monochlorobenzene and benzene is stimulated via the addition of an electron donor.Infiltration facilities have been installed at the site to create an anaerobic infiltration zone in which HCH will be degraded, and these facilities are combined with the redevelopment of the site.     

DEVELOPMENT OF A FRACTURED MEDIUM FLOW MODEL FOR A WASTE SITE1

ABSTRACT: A three‐dimensional fractured medium flow model was developed for the Bear Creek Valley (BCV) S‐3 site of the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) using SWIFT III. The numerical modeling for this site focused on a conceptual model established through the analysis of heterogeneous geologic units and matrix fracture properties of the subsurface in the BCV area. The SWIFT III modeling analysis was based on the previous modeling studies that used MODFLOW and MODPATH. A rigorous calibration was obtained first by comparing simulated results with the existing data on ground water levels and then by comparing pumping test results with the simulated ground water levels. A satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated results was obtained. The calibrated model was used to determine sustained yield from a ground water interceptor trench. Different withdrawal rates were used to simulate the performance of the trench for the sustained withdrawal of ground water.     

城市污水一级强化处理工艺——高负荷生物吸附再生法的应用研究

根据理论分析提出生物吸附-沉淀-再生的城市污水处理工艺,即高负荷生物吸附再生法.该工艺对污染物去除的作用主要包括污泥的絮凝作用、吸附作用和生物代谢作用,而以前两者的作用为主.对城市污水的生产性试验研究结果表明,该工艺能够较大程度地提高SS、COD、SCOD和BOD等污染物的去除率,具有明显的处理效果,对于西北干旱缺水地区实现污水资源化是切实可行的方法.     

利用MOBILE 6.2模型预测LPG出租车排放因子

针对MOBILE6．2预测天然气汽车排放因子的功能,分析了其在预测液化石油气（LPG）轻型汽车上的可行性。并根据LPG出租车汽车排放总量分析系统（VMAS）测试结果,得到所需参数,预测了实验车队的排放因子,与实测值的误差≤10％,表明MOBILE6．2预测LPG轻型汽车排放因子具有良好的适用性。     

高温后钢管再生混凝土短柱的理论分析与试验研究

首先进行了高温后钢管再生混凝土轴压短柱的试验研究,在分析试验结果的基础上提出了高温后核心再生混凝土的应力一应变关系模型,模型考虑了再生粗骨料取代率和曾经历的最高温度的影响;然后采用数值方法对高温后钢管再生混凝土轴压短柱的荷栽一变形全过程关系曲线进行了计算分析,数值计算结果得到试验结果的验证;最后利用数值方法系统分析了再生粗骨料取代率、曾经历的最高温度和约束效应系数等参数对高温后钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压强度系数的影响,并提出了相应的简化计算公式,轴压承载力的简化计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。