基于H4IIE细胞株测试间接雌激素效应物质的代谢活化方法

利用鼠肝癌细胞(H4IIE)代谢活化环境样品中间接雌激素效应物质的方法,以标准化合物双酚A和北方某污水处理厂各工艺过程的水样以及南方某水厂自来水样的有机提取物为对象,比较了代谢活化作用对雌激素效应检测结果的影响.研究结果表明,双酚A代谢活化产物的雌激素活性明显高于双酚A;环境样品中存在大量的间接雌激素效应物质,通过细胞代谢活化的方法能够检出其活性.因此,推荐将鼠肝癌细胞代谢活化与重组基因酵母检测的方法相结合,用于环境样品中直接和间接雌激素效应物质的检测.     

Field survey of a sustainable sanitation system in a residential house

Sustainable sanitation is an approach for more ecological and sustainable water resources management. In this paper, we proposed one of the new integrated waste treatment systems： an ＂sustainable sanitation system＂ that includes separation of the black water from water system by a non-flushing toilet （bio-toilet）, and a gray water treatment based on a biological and ecological concept. Sustainable sanitation system also converts the domestic waste to soil conditioners and fertilizers, for farmland use. As one of the case studies, Environmentally Symbiotic Housing in which people actually live using the bio-toilet for the black water treatment and the household wastewater treatment facility for the gray water was introduced. The availability of this system was investigated by analyzing the sawdust used in the bio-toilet and the quality of the effluent in the household wastewater treatment facility. As the result, the water content of the sawdust did not exceed 60% in any of the sampling points and the BOD and COD of the effluent of the household wastewater treatment facility were below 10 and 20 mg/L respectively, due to the low loading. Compared to the pollution load on the water environment created by the conventional system, it was found that the effluent of the house has a lower load than the tertiary treatment and the volume of the water consumption is 75% of the conventional system.     

Heavy Metal Transport in the Hindon River Basin, India

Total mass transfers of heavy metal in dissolved and particulate form has been determined in the downstream section of river Hindon, an important tributary of river Yamuna (India). The contribution of different point sources to the river Hindon has also been assessed. The river Kali has the largest contribution to the river Hindon. The highest metal loads were related to the highest flow of the river and thereby increased both by surface runoff and sediment resuspension. The contribution of monsoon months to the total transported load was also calculated and it was observed that monsoon months contributes more than 40% of total loading annually for all the metals. The metal fluxes from the river Hindon were compared with other rivers of Indian sub-continent.     

利用黏弹性阻尼器减小结构的风振和地震反应

通过黏弹性阻尼器在工程结构抗震中所起的作用,阐述了黏弹性阻尼器增强结构抗震、抗风、抗振动和安全性的能力,介绍了黏弹性阻尼器性能及在国内外的使用和发展情况.     

线源扩散的模拟计算

在传统的高斯扩散理论基础上,提出了一种计算线源扩散的方法;将公路线源分成若干存在初期扩散的单元,每个单元近似成一个过单元无中心与风向垂直的短子线源,它的扩散按高斯垂直风模式计算,测点的浓度是若干子线源的贡献之和。与ＣＬＩＮＥ２等模式相比,该方法对任意风向有限长线源都适用,而且可进行一条公路上有不同源强路段的计算,模式的计算结果与现场示踪及尾气污染的实测数据吻合较好。     

稳定塘的数学模型和技术参数

为系统掌握稳定塘的设计、运行规律,应用国家“六五”科技攻关９个稳定塘中试基地的运行数据,通过数据分析、综合,总结出稳定塘的数学模型和技术参数。确定了稳定塘型的依据,提出了全国范围稳定塘负荷的设计值。      

伶仃洋海域允许负荷研究

系统地研究了海域允许负荷的分析与计算方法。从海域污染物输入-水质响应关系出发,分析了伶仃洋沿岸污染物输入-海域水质响应的宏观规律,对污染源的重要性进行了排序,计算出了不同环境功能分区下海域允许负荷量,从而指出了该海域为实现其水质目标所应采取的污染控制方案。本成果为伶仃洋海域的污染控制提供了依据。      

低温极端载荷作用下船艏结构损伤演化过程研究

目的 掌握船舶在极地低温极端环境中航行时,船舶艏部结构遭遇冰山等极端载荷作用下的主要参数对结构损伤演化过程的影响,揭示船舶艏部结构的失效机理。方法 以船舶艏部结构为研究对象,基于数值仿真方法,开展不同碰撞场景、环境温度、撞击速度、冰体塑性应变、船体材料本构模型、撞击角度等参数对结构损伤的影响研究。结果 建立了数值仿真简化模型,获得了不同参数对结构损伤的影响规律。结论 材料模型对船体结构损伤的影响较小。随着航速增加、撞击角度增大,船体损伤范围增大。随着船体材料性能增强,撞击区刚度增大,船体结构损伤范围减小。形成的损伤演化模拟方法可为极地极端环境下船舶结构损伤演化分析提供技术手段。     

模拟界面污染条件下的电接触性能及磨损研究

目的 模拟有机物挥发的气氛环境,研究载荷对界面污染条件下电接触性能的影响.方法 选用铜作为基底,将其置于有机气氛环境中进行贮存.将初始表面与贮存后的表面作为待试验表面,将两者置于大气及有机气氛2种环境中进行电接触试验.通过摩擦系数和接触阻值分析其电接触性能,结合磨痕形貌、截面轮廓及成分,揭示其磨损机理.结果 有机气氛环...     

气水比回流比及冲击负荷对BAF的影响

研究气水比、回流比及冲击负荷对BAF前置反硝化工艺的影响。研究结果表明BAF前置反硝化工艺最佳气水比为 3∶1 ,最佳回流比为 2 0 0 %。该工艺具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力 ,COD的最佳去除负荷可达 7.70 4kg/ (m3·d) ,NH3-N的最大去除负荷为 1 .2 85kg/ (m3·d) ;水力负荷对COD的去除影响较小 ,对NH3-N、TN的去除影响较大 ,宜将水力负荷控制在 2 .39m/h以下