宿迁3次突发性空气重污染过程对比分析

利用空气质量资料、常规观测资料、NCEP1.0°×1.0°再分析资料，应用数理统计、天气学等方法对宿迁市3次突发性重污染天气进行对比分析.结果表明：①宿迁"突发"空气重污染时，AQI级别由前一日的一、二级至第2日转为五级以上，AQI值迅速上升.②3次空气重污染过程天气背景相似，高层为宽广平直的偏西气流，地面受高压控制，中低层风向和温度平流突然转变，且都有深厚的逆温层结；持续变化较小的气压梯度、较低风速、温度日较差及相对湿度的增大（150328过程（即2015年3月28日—4月1日污染过程）除外）为颗粒物浓度迅速增长提供了条件.③大气稳定度级别迅速变高和混合层高度迅速降低并维持，对污染物快速聚集有显著影响.④物理量诊断表明，污染发生前期上空为弱上升运动，随后迅速转为下沉运动，或气流下沉运动区域迅速扩大、升高，是空气质量迅速转差的重要动力因素.⑤内蒙古地区的沙尘远距离输送形成的污染，是造成150328过程与另外两次过程明显不同的主要原因.     

城市空气质量中长期预报的探讨

江苏省环境空气质量预报工作已开展多年,在这几年的预报工作中,发现现在使用的对未来24 h空气质量预报的方式上存在一些问题,从而限制空气质量预报发挥应有的作用.改进预报方式,在现有的空气质量预报的基础上,开展城市空气质量的中长期预报,有利于各级政府及环境管理部门,提前采取必要的措施,减少或控制污染的产生,从而避免城市空气污染事件的发生,以保护城市居民的身体健康.     

用预先热处理的材料加工长杆高强度双头螺柱

用预先热处理的材料生产长杆高强度双头螺柱新工艺 ,消除了长杆的热处理变形 ,降低了机械性能的不稳定性 ,提高了产品质量及螺纹联接的可靠性。     

天津地区表层土壤多环芳烃含量的中尺度空间结构特征

应用地统计学技术对全天津地区表层土壤中 16种优控多环芳烃含量和土壤理化参数进行了空间结构分析 .结果显示 ,各组分浓度均存在中尺度的空间自相关性 .多环芳烃浓度的空间结构存在明显的各向异性 .大气运移和土壤TOC含量可能是影响土壤多环芳烃浓度空间结构特征的重要环境因素 .     

Synthesis and biodegradation of poly(γ-butyrolactone-co-l-lactide)

Biodegradable polyesters were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization of -butyrolactone (BL) and its derivatives withl-lactide (LLA). Although tetraphenyl tin was the main catalyst used, other organometallic catalysts were used as well.¹H and¹³C NMR spectra showed that poly(BL-co-LLA)s were statistical and that their number-average molecular weights were as high as 7×10⁴. The maximum BL content obtained from copolymerization BL/LLA was around 17%. TheT _m andT _g values of the copolymers showed a gradual depression with an increase in BL content. NoT _m was obtained for the copolymers containing more than 13 mol% BL. The biodegradability of the copolyesters was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and nonenzymatic hydrolysis tests. The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 37°C for 24 h using lipases fromRhizopus arrhizus andR. delemar. Hydrolyses by both lipases showed that an increase in BL content of the copolymer resulted in enhanced biodegradability. Nonenzymatic accelerated hydrolysis of copolymers at 70°C was found to increase proportionally to their exposure time. The hydrolysis rate of these copolymers was considerably faster than that of PLLA. The higher hydrolyzability was recorded for the BL-rich copolymers. The copolymerization of -methyl--butyrolactone (MBL) or -ethyl--butyrolactone (EBL) with LLA resulted in relatively LA-rich copolymers.     

关于工程结构抗震设防标准的几个问题的讨论

对与工程抗震设防标准有关的几个问题进行了讨论。分析了多级设防目标中存在的一些问题,建议以结构抗震目标可靠度作为设防参数;讨论了影响结构目标可靠度的因素,建议通过对工程结构进行“投资——效益”分析制定结构最佳的抗震设防标准。     

水库中长期径流预报系统的开发研究

水库中长期径流预报系统采用PowerBuilder作为系统主要开发工具，集水情信息查询、检索、监视、预报与管理等功能于一体，实现了中长期水文预报和信息管理的各种功能要求。该系统具有功能全面，技术基础坚实，通用性和开放性强，自动化程度高，界面友好，全菜单操作等特点。     

NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS IN ILLINOIS RIVERS 1967 TO 1974: COMPARISON AMONG REPORTING AGENCIES1

ABSTRACT: Long term data on surface water quality can sometimes be assembled by combining data collected by different agencies at different times and assuming that between agency differences in data quality are insignificant. The objective of this paper was to assess the quality of riverine nitrate (NO₃) concentrations in Illinois measured and reported by four agencies from 1967 to 1974 by comparing median values for similar sampling locations and periods. A total of 17 river reaches were identified for which two agencies reported NO₃ concentrations during similar periods. Nonparametric comparison of median values and analysis of covariance with discharge as a covariant produced similar results. Nitrate concentrations reported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from 1967 to 1971 were not statistically (P > 0.05) different from values reported by the Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) for two of three river reaches. Additionally, NO₃ concentrations reported by USGS from 1972 to 1974 were not statistically different than concentrations reported by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) for four of five river reaches. From 1969 to 1971, NO₃ concentrations reported by the Illinois Department of Public Heath and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IDPH/IEPA) were less than one‐fourth the magnitude of values reported by ISWS. The median NO₃ concentrations measured by the Central Illinois Public Service (CIPS) were significantly greater than those measured by USGS and IDPH/IEPA in the three comparable sampling locations. The use of NO₃ concentrations measured by CIPS and IDPH/IEPA prior to 1972 is not recommended.     

短程深度脱氮中试工艺的低温启动和维持

试验采用有效体积为7.0 m3的SBR中试反应器处理生活污水,考察了低温条件下短程深度脱氮工艺的启动方法及稳定性.利用基于鼓风机频率(BF)和pH的实时控制策略对SBR系统进行实时控制.结果表明,SBR系统在低温条件(11～16℃)和50 d内快速启动短程深度脱氮工艺,亚硝酸盐积累率从19.8%上升到90%.在中低温条件(9～28℃)下短程深度脱氮性能维持长达550 d,亚硝酸盐积累率始终维持在95%左右,出水TN浓度维持在3 mg·L-1,TN去除率维持在95%以上.由此可见,低温下启动SBR短程深度脱氮工艺并长期维持完全可行.