Analysis of culturable and unculturable microbial community in bensulfuron-methyl contaminated paddy soils

To investigate the influence of bensulfuron-methyl(BSM)on culturable microbial quantities and unculturable microbial community structures,conventional and molecular biological methods were employed in five BSM treated soils with three replications,respectively. The results obtained with traditional culture-dependent methods showed that a low-level of BSM had slight and transient effects on culturable microorganisms;nevertheless,high concentration of BSM resulted in a dramatic decrease in bacterial colony fo...     

Can Warmwater Streams Be Rehabilitated Using Watershed-Scale Standard Erosion Control Measures Alone?

Degradation of warmwater streams in agricultural landscapes is a pervasive problem, and reports of restoration effectiveness based on monitoring data are rare. Described is the outcome of rehabilitation of two deeply incised, unstable sand-and-gravel-bed streams. Channel networks of both watersheds were treated using standard erosion control measures, and aquatic habitats within 1-km-long reaches of each stream were further treated by addition of instream structures and planting woody vegetation on banks (“habitat rehabilitation”). Fish and their habitats were sampled semiannually during 1–2 years before rehabilitation, 3–4 years after rehabilitation, and 10–11 years after rehabilitation. Reaches with only erosion control measures located upstream from the habitat measure reaches and in similar streams in adjacent watersheds were sampled concurrently. Sediment concentrations declined steeply throughout both watersheds, with means ≥40% lower during the post-rehabilitation period than before. Physical effects of habitat rehabilitation were persistent through time, with pool habitat availability much higher in rehabilitated reaches than elsewhere. Fish community structure responded with major shifts in relative species abundance: as pool habitats increased after rehabilitation, small-bodied generalists and opportunists declined as certain piscivores and larger-bodied species such as centrarchids and catostomids increased. Reaches without habitat rehabilitation were significantly shallower, and fish populations there were similar to the rehabilitated reaches prior to treatment. These findings are applicable to incised, warmwater streams draining agricultural watersheds similar to those we studied. Rehabilitation of warmwater stream ecosystems is possible with current knowledge, but a major shift in stream corridor management strategies will be needed to reverse ongoing degradation trends. Apparently, conventional channel erosion controls without instream habitat measures are ineffective tools for ecosystem restoration in incised, warmwater streams of the Southeastern U.S., even if applied at the watershed scale and accompanied by significant reductions in suspended sediment concentration.     

基于MSLSTM-DA模型的水质自动监测异常数据报警

提出一种基于多元堆叠长短时记忆网络-差值分析(MSLSTM-DA)模型对地表水质异常数据进行报警的方法.该方法首先建立MSLSTM模型对水质指标数据进行预测,再基于预测结果的残差分布建立DA模型,并确定各个指标的数据异常阈值,当实测数据与预测数据差值大于阈值时进行数据报警.以长江流域监测断面的水质数据进行了方法有效性验证.结果表明,构建的预测模型对５个指标的MAE、MAPE均值比BP神经网络预测模型降低21.0%,17.8%,比LSTM模型降低16.8%,17.9%.皮尔逊系数均值比BP神经网络、LSTM模型的分别高5.9%,4.4%.5个指标共检出水质异常数据37条,其中34条经人工判断确实存在有异常,报警准确率高达91.9%.