Gas and Aerosol Loadings at Holme Moss 1996–1998 Measurements and Analysis Using Back-Trajectory Clustering

A continuous two-year atmospheric datasetcomprising gas and aerosol loadings from amountain site in northern England (Holme Moss,W1°5130 N53°320) is presented. The data are analysed with respect to three-dayback-trajectories that are grouped according to aclustering technique that allows speed, directionand curvature of the airmass track to beconsidered. The technique is successful inseparating the data into chemically distinctsubsets. Up to 29% of the variance in the datais explained by back-trajectory clusters. Slow trajectories are associated with highloadings especially for the oxides of nitrogen,which may imply a local source for much of thesuspended pollutant. The data suggest thatproduction of nitrate and sulphate is limited byoxidant availability at least in the winter. Itmay be possible to optimise the analytical powerof the technique by increasing the importance ofrecent airmass track in determining clusterallocation. This applies especially to the totalsulphur loading.     

农村生态环境分区的数量化方法─—以鞍山市为例

运用聚类分析和地理信息系统相结合的方法，选择了１８个指标和７８个分区单元，将鞍山市农村生态环境划分成８个区，作出分布图，并分别给出了各分区的主要特征。     

POSSIBILITIES OF INCREASED WATER SUPPLY FROM CLOUD SEEDING1

ABSTRACT. A review of the development of weather modification to augment precipitation including the cloud-physical foundation is presented. Recent work has tended to re-emphasize the importance of physical understanding of storm systems and of the effects of cloud seeding. The Pyramid Lake Seeding Project is discussed.     

城市旅游竞争力的实证研究--以广东省为例

城市旅游竞争力研究是目前国内外城市旅游研究的热点.作为我国城市旅游发展较早的地区,广东省旅游业发展的整体水平较高,但各个城市之间的发展水平极度不平衡.在统计资料的基础上,建立了城市旅游竞争力指标体系,并用主成分分析法和系统聚类法对广东省21个地级市的旅游竞争力进行了综合对比分析,认为旅游规模与组织能力是影响广东旅游业发展的重要因素;同时,把广东省21个地级市按照旅游竞争力的大小分为综合型、客源地型、目的地型和待开发型4大类型,提出了广东省要提高城市旅游竞争力、实现城市旅游可持续发展必须制订合理的发展目标、加大旅游投入力度、完善旅游交通网络、加强旅游行业管理.     

餐饮产业集群发展探析--以安徽省芜湖市为例

分析了我国餐饮产业的特点与面临的问题,提出了餐饮业集群发展的战略选择.以安徽省芜湖市凤凰美食街为例,从餐饮产业集群发展形成的背景、区位依托、构成要素以及竞争优势等方面对餐饮业的集群发展进行了实证分析.     

Linkage Effects and Environmental Impacts from Oil Consumption Industries in Taiwan

Input–output modeling and cluster analysis are used to assess the impacts of oil consumption industries on environmental quality and inter-industry relationships in Taiwan. Results indicate that fuel oil has the greatest impact on the environment. The transportation sector has grown rapidly with high energy intensity and severe pollution emission in Taiwan. Also, power generation, other industrial chemicals, paper products, non-metallic mineral products, petro-chemical materials, rubber products, cement and textiles are identified as the most significant industries causing serious pollution problems in Taiwan. Results of inter-industry linkages confirm that investment of the above-mentioned industries should be adjusted to better energy efficiency, environmental quality and economic bases. This study indicates that energy policy should integrate environmental policy, in addition to assuring energy and economical gains.     

应用雷达回波综合判别法进行冰雹灾害预测的研究

探讨了应用雷达探测资料，综合判别冰雹云的3种方法。并以多次应用实例对该法的可行性进行了检验．实践证明，该法在消雹防灾中收到了良好的效果。     

Application of cluster analysis to the geochemistry zonation of the estuary waters in the Tinto and Odiel rivers (Huelva,Spain)

The combination of acid water from mines, industrial effluents and sea water plays a determining role in the evolutionary process of the chemical makeup of the water in the estuary of the Tinto and Odiel rivers. This estuary is in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula and is one of the estuarine systems on the northwest coast of the Gulf of Cádiz. From the statistical treatment of data obtained by analyzing samples of water from this system, which is affected by industrial and mining pollution processes, we can see how the sampling points studied form two large groups depending on whether they receive tidal or fluvial influences. Fluvial input contributes acid water with high concentrations of heavy metal, whereas industrial effluents are responsible for the presence of phosphates, silica and other nutrients. The estuarine system of the Tinto and Odiel Rivers can be divided into three areas – the Tinto estuary, the Odiel estuary and the area of confluence – based on the physical – chemical characteristics of the water.     

基于组合赋权的铁路时间同步网云评估模型及应用

针对模糊综合评价法在铁路时间同步网可靠性评价中的不足,提出了基于组合赋权的铁路时间同步网云评估模型。首先,根据铁路时间同步网的功能结构,构建系统综合能力模型,建立其对应的功能硬件层次结构,从而选取影响铁路时间同步网可靠性的主要评价指标。然后,利用标度扩展AHP法和熵权法分别计算铁路时间同步网各评价指标的主客观权重,并且通过引入欧几里德距离函数计算差异系数,使主、客观权重之间的偏离程度与权重系数一致,从而获得各指标合理的综合权重。最后,计算各指标相对值,并且利用云模型表示,进行云计算得到综合指标云,将该综合指标云与可靠性评价集的云模型进行相似度度量,得到铁路时间同步网综合可靠性评价结果。结果表明,基于组合赋权的铁路时间同步网云评估模型能够实现对铁路时间同步网综合可靠性的评价。     

基于云理论和组合赋权法的牵引变电所风险评估

为解决传统评估方法无法同时反映牵引变电所运行风险的模糊性和随机性的问题,将云理论中的云重心评估法运用于京津城际高速铁路某牵引变电所运行风险评估中。通过建立该牵引变电所运行风险评估指标体系,实现了从管理、人员、设备、环境4个方面的牵引变电所运行风险水平定性概念向定量表示的合理转换,并引入联盟博弈思想对各指标进行组合赋权,进而对该牵引变电所运行风险现状进行综合评估。结果表明,该方法直观可行,评估结果符合客观实际情况。