燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物控制方案研究

基于中国燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物排放及治理现状,并结合国家相关产业政策和国内外技术发展趋势,以2008年为基准年,分析测算了2015、2020年燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物排放量,提出了适合中国国情的燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物控制技术路线.依据研究的控制方案,2015年,烟尘、二氧化硫及氮氧化物排放量分别为507万、458万、230万t;2020年,烟尘、二氧化硫及氮氧化物排放量分别为491万、423万、269万t.与2008年相比,大气污染物排放量变化不大,基本上做到了增容不增污.在此基础上,提出了燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物防治建议.     

A comparative approach to assess drivers of success in mammalian conservation recovery programs

The outcomes of species recovery programs have been mixed; high‐profile population recoveries contrast with species‐level extinctions. Each conservation intervention has its own challenges, but to inform more effective management it is imperative to assess whether correlates of wider recovery program success or failure can be identified. To contribute to evidence‐based improvement of future conservation strategies, we conducted a global quantitative analysis of 48 mammalian recovery programs. We reviewed available scientific literature and conducted semistructured interviews with conservation professionals involved in different recovery programs to investigate ecological, management, and political factors associated with population recoveries or declines. Identifying and removing threats was significantly associated with increasing population trend and decreasing conservation dependence, emphasizing that populations are likely to continue to be compromised in the absence of effective threat mitigation and supporting the need for threat monitoring and adaptive management in response to new and potential threats. Lack of habitat and small population size were cited as limiting factors in 56% and 42% of recovery programs, respectively, and both were statistically associated with increased longer term dependence on conservation intervention, demonstrating the importance of increasing population numbers quickly and restoring and protecting habitat. Poor stakeholder coordination and management were also regularly cited by respondents as key weaknesses in recovery programs, indicating the importance of effective leadership and shared goals and management plans. Project outcomes were not influenced by biological or ecological variables such as body mass or habitat, which suggests that these insights into correlates of conservation success and failure are likely to be generalizable across mammals.     

核电站中核一级管道的热瞬态分析

目的 求解管道壁厚方向的温度分布。方法 采用PIPESTRESS程序,对某核电站化学和容积控制系统管道的某一瞬态温度曲线进行瞬态热分析。结果 得到管道7类关键区域的温度场和最不利的温度梯度ΔT1、ΔT2、Ta、Tb,并将该温度梯度数据与参考电站数据进行对比。结论 采用PIPESTRESS程序的结果满足工程需要。该工作不仅为管道疲劳分析提供了重要输入条件,其研究方法也为其他系统管道的热分析提供了重要参考。     

STOP行为观察卡在TFT-LCD企业安全管理中的应用

以新型制造业TFT-LCD行业为背景,研究了STOP(Safety、Training、Observation、Program)安全训练观察程序在企业安全管理中的应用方法及效果。结合企业实际安全管理状况,通过引入STOP安全训练观察程序,设计出一套适用于企业的STOP行为观察卡及其使用方式,进而建立起企业自身的不安全行为数据库。实践结果显示,通过STOP行为观察卡记录数据可分析企业的突出安全问题。该方法为企业的安全管理进行大数据分析提供了良好的技术手段,在企业安全管理中具有广泛的应用前景。     

板材数字化成形加工路径规划研究

在板材数字化成形过程中零件的直壁部分常因为金属变形量过大而极易发生破裂 ,故在加工前需要进行适当的路径规划以控制成形中直壁部分金属过度变形 ,使板材整体壁厚变化缓慢而均匀 ,优化其成形过程 ,最终完成薄板材的直壁部分成形。研究了具体的路径规划方法及其加工轨迹自动生成 ,主要从工艺角度对直壁部分成形作了有益的探索     

A dynamic food-chain model and program for predicting the consequences of nuclear accident

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在用车推行I/M制度的检测方法的成本效益分析

从检测性能和成本效益两方面对几种检测方法进行分析比较，并结合国内外I/M制度的实施情况和上海市的特点，建议上海市实施I/M制度时，初期对轻型汽油车采用VMAS，后期采用IM240进行检测；对轻型柴油车可采用瞬态简易工况法和Lugdown系统。     

快速准确测量圆形管道废水流量

在测量圆形管道的废水流量时 ,废水截面积的计算较为复杂 ,且情况多变。本研究试图推导出一个废水截面积的通用公式 ,进而归纳出废水流量的通用综合算式 ,并运用程序计算法进行计算 ,从而达到快速准确地测量圆形管道废水流量的目的     

A combination line transect and capture-recapture sampling model for multiple observers in aerial surveys

We present a robust sampling methodology to estimate population size using line transect and capture-recapture procedures for aerial surveys. Aerial surveys usually underestimate population density due to animals being missed. A combination of capture-recapture and line transect sampling methods with multiple observers allows violation of the assumption that all animals on the centreline are sighted from the air. We illustrate our method with an example of inanimate objects which shows evidence of failure of the assumption that all objects on the centreline have probability 1 of being detected. A simulation study is implemented to evaluate the performance of three variations of the Lincoln-Petersen estimator: the overall estimator, the stratified estimator, and the general stratified estimator based on the combined likelihood proposed in this paper. The stratified Lincoln-Petersen estimator based on the combined likelihood is found to be generally superior to the other estimators.     

利用程控小总机进行安全防护

介绍了一种利用振铃起动电路与小型程控交换机结合，组成子站自动监测系统辅助装置的实用技术，以解决大气自动监测子站微机死机、受干扰后无法自动恢复正常工作和雷击问题。