关于华北科技学院创建安全科技特色的探讨

创建鲜明的安全科技办学特色不仅是华北科技学院的生存战略,更是发展战略。创建安全科技特色是一项复杂的系统工程,要从宏观、中观和微观3个层面,从资源协同、能力协同和部门协同3个角度,从近期、中期和远期3个阶段创建安全科技特色。创建学院安全科技特色的具体措施主要包括五方面的内容开创和建设以安全技术及工程为主的特色优势学科;引进和培养具有安全科技特色的教师队伍;正确处理教学、科研、安全培训三者的关系;建立和形成支撑安全科技特色的规章制度;营造和突出具有安全科技特色的校园文化。     

Computer-aided modeling of the protective effect of explosion relief vents in tunnel structures

This paper aims at contributing to the efficient design of explosion protection systems against confined explosions. The issue addressed concerns the quantitative estimation of the protective effect of explosion relief vents in the case of confined explosions inside tunnels. A series of virtual experiments performed by computer simulation, revealed how the number of vents, their diameter, as well as the angle between the vents and the tunnel, influences the blast wave attenuation. The computational study was performed considering a complicated large-scale tunnel configuration with branches on its half portion. The purpose was the calculation of the attenuation effect due to the presence of vents by comparing the total explosion-specific impulse developing at antidiametric positions inside the tunnel. Simulations were carried out via a three-dimensional numerical model built in the computational fluid dynamics code CFX 5.7.1, which has been validated in previous papers against experimental overpressure histories data demonstrating reasonable performance. Computer results showed that the use of branch vents provides an effective method for shock wave attenuation following an explosion, whereas their statistical elaboration revealed that the attenuation is mainly affected by the number of vents and their diameter. In contrast, the angle between the side vents and the main tunnel appeared to slightly affect the pressure wave weakening. Eventually, the quantitative influence of the above parameters was effectively illustrated in functional diagrams, so that the total attenuation effect may be promptly estimated, if the design variables are known. In addition, two statistical models with reasonable fitting to the calculated data are proposed, which express the attenuation effect as a dependent variable of the design variables including their interactions.     

海南发展战略与旅游开发

海南现有区域优势面对国内循环更为有利,而面对外汇市场,除了对港澳台有明显优势外,对海南并不太有利。根据区域开发捷径分析,海南发展战略是在发展经济的同时引进科技和资金,提高文化,分3个阶段使其产业结构逐步高度化。海南风景结构可归纳为7个特征、3个层次、5个重点。目前对牙龙湾的冬泳旅游吸引力和沙滩开发不宜估计太高     

廊坊市COD、SO2排放总量分析及其控制对策

通过对廊坊市2008年环境统计数据中主要污染物COD、SO2排放规律的科学分析,提出改善环境的对策与建议。     

车用柴油机选择性催化还原技术研究进展

选择性催化还原技术(SCR)是目前唯一可以同时改善柴油机排放和燃油经济性的氮氧化物(NOX)净化技术,而以NH3作为还原剂的SCR技术(NH3-SCR)又是目前最成熟,最具推广前景的SCR技术。文章详细阐述了用于车用柴油机的NH3-SCR技术的反应机理,介绍了温度对SCR反应的影响;列举了典型SCR系统的主要部件并介绍了各部分的功能,以及法规中对车用尿素水溶液(AdBlue)主要指标的规定;总结了目前应用较多的开环、闭环两种控制策略的工作流程及特点,并且分析了各自的优缺点;在柴油机后处理系统集成的角度对SCR与颗粒捕集器(DPF)的两种整合方案进行了分析,对比了两种方案的优缺点;最后分析了SCR技术目前存在的几个问题。     

产业生态化的基础条件、发展误区与创新策略

生态产业是经济由粗放转化为集约过程中谋求可持续发展的必然选择,转轨经济中的我国在这方面刚刚提到议事日程,该课题虽然很新但很重要。发达国家在该方面已经取得的成功经验为我国提供了很好的参考。产业生态化的本质并不是单纯求得生态环境保护,而是寻找经济发展与生态环境之间的平衡,这需要克服传统模式下生态产业发展中的诸多问题,探索生态产业发展的新思路。通过发展生态旅游、生态农业、循环经济、生态聚集等多种模式,在产业链延伸、工业园模块化设计中将产业生态化做实做好。     

再生资源产业可持续发展需要注意的几个问题

再生资源产业的可持续发展关系到经济和社会的进步,应当给予重视和关注。就寻找再生资源与环境保护契合点,系统开展综合利用事业,注重高科技和人才战略,以及积极开展国际合作等方面,提出一些观点和建议。     

环保政府网站建设现状及发展探讨

环保政府网站是环保电子政务的重要组成部分,在环保部门实施政务公开、宣传环境保护、服务社会公众方面正发挥越来越重要的作用。在对中国环保政府网站建设现状进行分析的基础上,对进一步加强环保网站建设、提高网站的服务效能提出对策建议。     

Hesitation behaviour of hoverflies Sphaerophoria spp. to avoid ambush by crab spiders

Pollinators possess several antipredator adaptations that minimise predation risk during foraging. In addition to morphological adaptations, hoverflies might have behavioural antipredator adaptations. We conducted three field experiments to investigate whether the "hesitation behaviour" of hoverflies Sphaerophoria spp., moving backwards and forwards in front of a flower, is effective in avoiding ambush predators on flowers. First, we compared the behaviour of different flower visitors, including several bees and other hoverflies, with Sphaerophoria spp. behaviour. Only Sphaerophoria spp. exhibited the hesitation behaviour in front of flowers. The flight behaviour was observed more frequently before landing on flowers than on leaves. Second, we investigated rejection by Sphaerophoria spp. to artificially placed corpses of the crab spider Thomisus labefactus. The rejection rate of flowers with a crab spider placed on or under it was significantly higher than that of non-treated flowers. Moreover, the presence of a spider on the flower decreased the number of hesitation displays, compared with non-treated flowers. Finally, to determine whether hesitation behaviour could be a consequence of floral assessment, we investigated hoverfly rejection of previously foraged flowers. Sphaerophoria spp. did not reject flowers that had been visited by the same individual or conspecifics within 3 min. We suggest that hesitation behaviour may be adaptive, enabling assessment of predation risk and hence avoiding ambush predators on flowers.     

论内蒙古煤炭经济的发展战略

煤炭工业作为内蒙古的传统产业,在工业经济中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来,随着自治区＂大煤田、大煤电、大煤化＂战略的实施,煤炭工业正发挥着支柱产业的作用,推动自治区经济大步前进,煤炭经济取得了长足的发展,但也仍然存在开发工艺落后,能源与环境代价高,增长方式粗放和利益分配严重失衡导致的发展混乱等一系列问题。因而需要对煤炭经济的发展进行战略规划。